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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Percutaneous Herbert screw osteosynthesis of the scaphoid bone].

Scaphoid fractures are the most common carpal fractures. Conservative treatment is long, and non-union is frequent after immobilization in a cast. The Herbert procedure is an improvement, but access to the scaphoid is through an extensive open exposure that damages the blood vessels and the anterior radiocarpal ligaments. In order to solve this problem we used the Herbert screw for percutaneous internal fixation resulting in minimal operative trauma. This procedure requires intraoperative x ray guidance and the use of the accessories of the Herbert set except the "Jick". We operated 23 patients for acute fracture (19 cases) or nonunion (4 cases) of the waist of the scaphoid. In this study, the average follow-up was 16 months and the average age was 32 years. There were 18 men and 5 women. In 18 cases the fracture occurred on the right side. The average immobilization was 15.5 days. Union was obtained in all patients. Postoperative range of motion was 95% of the unaffected side. Key pinch was 6% better than on the unaffected side (the dominant hand was affected in 81% cases). Patients returned to work after an average of 7 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Enchondroma of the scaphoid bone.

The scaphoid bone is a very rare location for enchondroma. The literature reports eight cases; five of them presented with pathologic fracture, and the youngest patient was 13 years old. This is a report of an 11-year-old patient with scaphoid enchondroma who presented with only mild pain in the left wrist. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the lesion clearly.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

Long-term results after silicone prosthesis replacement of the proximal pole of the scaphoid bone in advanced scaphoid nonunion.

The treatment of scaphoid fracture nonunion with a small proximal fragment with disturbed circulation and radioscaphoid arthrosis is difficult, and the result is often unsatisfactory. For this reason, in 1981 the replacement of the proximal fragment by a silicone lunate prosthesis was recommended for such cases. From 1980 to 1984, 11 patients (all male, average age 42 [range, 25-59] years) with the conditions described above were treated by silicone prosthesis partial replacement of the scaphoid. In one patient, the prosthesis had to be removed due to dislocation, and in another patient an arthrodesis of the wrist had to be carried out after 5 years due to increasing pain. All nine remaining patients were followed up after an average of 14 (range, 12-16) years, and were clinically and radiologically re-examined and assessed wing the evaluation scheme proposed by Martini (1999). The overall results were satisfactory. Specifically, the outcome was good in one case, satisfactory in six cases, and poor in two cases. Concerning the individual criteria, the best scores were observed in "subjective overall assessment" and in "work and sports", whilst the worst were found in "movement" ad "X-ray". For all patients, X-ray examination revealed both postoperative arthrosis and extensive multiple cystoid osteolysis, presumably due to silicone synovitis. Nevertheless, most patients were free of symptoms. None of the patients felt that further treatment was necessary. Silicone prosthesis partial replacement of the scaphoid leads to long-term reduction in pain and adequate hand function. However, it is not capable of preventing carpal collapse and carpal arthrosis. Furthermore, since in several cases a progressive silicone synovitis developed, the method was rightly abandoned after 1984.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Age-related changes of bone mineral density in human calcaneus, talus, and scaphoid bone.

To examine whether the bone mineral density (BMD) decreases uniformly with aging in any spongy bones, the authors investigated age-related changes of BMD in the calcaneus, talus, and scaphoid bone. After the ordinary dissection by medical students was finished, calcanei, tali, and scaphoid bones were resected from the subjects, and BMDs were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Their BMDs seemed to decrease gradually with aging in the calcanei, tali, and scaphoid bones. It was found that there were statistically significant relationships between age and BMD in the men's and women's scaphoid bones, women's tali, and women's calcanei, but not in the men's tali and calcanei. It should be noted that there were significant relationships between age and BMD in both men's and women's scaphoid bones. In regard to relationship in BMD between the bones of the upper and lower limbs in individuals, it was found that the relationship between the calcaneus and talus was higher than that between the calcaneus and scaphoid bone. This suggests that there is a higher relationship in BMD between the two tarsal bones compared with that between the tarsal and carpal bones.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Simultaneous fractures of the distal end of the radius and the scaphoid bone.

Simultaneous fracture of the scaphoid bone occurred in 26 (4%) of the 650 injuries of the distal end of the radius seen at our institution. These injuries occur after a fall on the outstretched hand with a pronated wrist joint and extended hand. In a 4-year period (1983-1987), 26 simultaneous fractures of the distal end of the radius and the scaphoid bone were seen. Typically, the fracture of the radius had minimal or slight displacement, and the fracture of the scaphoid bone occurred always as a transverse thin line without displacement. The simultaneous fracture of the scaphoid bone was often very difficult to recognize radiographically and could very easily be overlooked. Discovery of the simultaneous fracture is important for adequate immobilization. Inadequate treatment, due to an overlooked fracture of the scaphoid bone, can result in a painful wrist joint and, possibly, Sudeck's atrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Scaphoid bone].

The scaphoid is the most important carpal bone due to the frequency of its pathological involvement. Two points of radiological anatomy are stressed: the presence of the scaphoid tubercle whose projection gives rise to the scaphoid ring, the solid radio-capitatum ligament which bridges the scaphoid. Scaphoid fracture represents 70% of all carpal bone fractures and its presence must therefore be meticulously investigated on appropriate x-rays or on tomographies or CT scans, rather than by the classical repeat examination a fortnight later. CT provides good analysis of scaphoid fragments when consolidation is delayed (pseudarthrosis), allowing earlier and more justified indications for surgery. The wrist ligaments are poorly visualised by MRI at the present time; but it allows study of the cartilage and, most importantly, is a decisive examination when there is a doubt about bone vitality.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1991

[The ligaments of the scaphoid bone].

The scaphoid has three separately directed ligamentous connections, directed 1. proximally, toward the distal radius, 2. distally, toward the distal carpal row, and 3. ulnarly, toward the adjacent lunate. The palmar radiocarpal ligament consists of three distinct fiber complexes. Two of them, the radiocapitate and deep radioscapholunate, insert on the scaphoid, whereas the collateral ligament courses to the distal pole of the scaphoid. Dorsally, the dorsal radiocarpal ligament passes the proximal pole of the scaphoid without direct attachment. The dorsal arcuate ligament spans the midcarpal joint, from the scaphoid tubercle to the triquetrum. The well developed interosseous scapholunate ligament connects the proximal pole of the scaphoid with the lunate in a distally concave semicircular fashion. Short ligaments extend between the distal pole of the scaphoid and the trapezium palmarly, dorsally and radially, and between the distal pole of the scaphoid and the trapezoid palmarly and radially.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1983

Bone scintigraphy in the evaluation of fracture of the carpal scaphoid bone.

The purpose of the present prospective study was to assess the value of 99m-Tc-MDP wrist scintigraphy performed as a routine examination in excluding or detecting carpal scaphoid bone fracture. The following conclusions are drawn: 99m-Tc-MDP wrist scintigraphy is of high sensitivity, but low specificity in the detection of scaphoid bone fractures. The scintigraphy is expedient to exclude scaphoid bone fracture, if performed after secondary clinical and radiographic assessment, and guided by negative scintigrams a reduction of clinical examinations, radiographies and superfluous casting days is achieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Conservative treatment of scaphoid bone fracture of the wrist].

The status of fractures of the scaphoid bone in clinical statistics on fractures depends on the age of the patients, the population treated in a particular clinic, and the number of nearby sports fields. Most frequently, fractures of the scaphoid bone occur as a result of falling on an outstretched hand while playing soccer. This kind of injury is typical of people between 15 and 45 years of age. Of the scaphoid bone fractures treated in our outpatient clinic, 77.4% were in this age group. Younger people with this injury mainly suffer from fractures distant from the body of the radius (or from forearm fractures near the wrist). In comparison, for people over 45 years of age, fractures of the radius due to over-extension are more typical. Since most injuries took place during sports activities, mainly males had fractures of the scaphoid bone (according to our statistics, 86.2% of these men were between 15 and 45 years of age). In the future, the distribution among sexes will probably be different due to the increasing number of girls and women who now play soccer. According to the literature, a fresh fracture of the scaphoid should first be treated conservatively. However, the type and duration of immobilization vary widely. The results published indicate that a rate of 4% - 5% can be expected. We have checked the therapy results of the surgical outpatient clinic in Bergmannsheil for 1960-1983. Of the 214 patients with fresh scaphoid bone fractures and conservative treatment, 138 had a follow-up examination. Among them were two instances of pseudoarthrosis (1.45%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Accumulation of calcium and phosphorus in the mitral valve in comparison with the abdominal aorta and the scaphoid bone.

To clarify why calcification of the mitral valve occurred, the authors chose the abdominal aorta and the scaphoid bone among many arteries and bones, and they studied both relationships in element contents between the mitral valve and the abdominal aorta and between the mitral valve and the scaphoid bone. The subjects consisted of 11 men and 8 women, ranging in age from 52 to 96 yr. The accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred progressively with aging in the mitral valve, whereas it became the highest in the sixties in the abdominal aorta and did not increase thereafter. The accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the abdominal aorta earlier than the thoracic aorta, in which it became remarkable in the seventies. It should be noted that in regard to the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus, no significant correlations were found between the mitral valve and the abdominal aorta. It is suggested that calcification of the abdominal aorta is not essentially accompanied by calcification of the mitral valve. The scaphoid bone was chosen among many bones consisting mainly of spongy bone and the relationship was examined between the calcium content in the mitral valve and the bone mineral density of the scaphoid bone. It was found that there was a low relationship between them. Therefore, it is suggested that a part of the surplus calcium released from bones is deposited in the mitral valve.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Treatment of nonunion of scaphoid bone by transfer of radial periosteal bone flap pedicled with recurrent branch of radial artery].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the operation method of treatment of nonunion of scaphoid bone by transfer of pedicled radial periosteal bone flap. METHODS: From Match 1986, 26 cases with old nonunion of scaphoid bone were treated by transfer of radial periosteal bone flap pedicled with recurrent branch of radial artery, the size of bone flap was 1.0 cm x 0.4 cm x 0.5 cm. RESULTS: All patients with old nonunion of scaphoid bone were healed by first intention, bone union was occurred after 2 to 3 months of operation, and wrist joint almost recovered normal function. CONCLUSION: It is an effective operation method to treat nonunion of scaphoid bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Architecture of cancellous tissue of the scaphoid bone of the wrist].

The experimental-theoretical studies were performed to investigate the structure of substantia spongiosa of the scaphoid bone of the wrist. Morphological prerequisites for the typical fractures of scaphoid bone and for their delayed consolidation, as well as for the false joint development in some of its zones were found. The peculiarities in the structure of substantia spongiosa associated with the differences of magnitudes and directions of the loads applied to the various regions of scaphoid bone, were distinguished. On the basis of the results obtained, functional zones and two major force vectors were detected, that were shown to determine different biomechanical conditions under which scaphoid bone of the wrist was functioning.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical problems in fracture of the scaphoid bone].

UNLABELLED: The following specific characteristics of injury cause the problems that occur in scaphoid bone fractures: 1. Mechanisms of accident: There are only a few typical circumstances that cause the injury: as there are false winding of a shrankshaft handle or a fall on the extended hand. In all the other cases the accident is neither realized by the injured person himself or by the physician. As a consequence the possibility of injury of the scaphoid bone is not taken into consideration. 2. SYMPTOMS: In a stable fracture the symptoms do not appear directly but may be clearly delayed or they may disappear very quickly after a short period of intensity, so that the accident is no longer taken any notice of. 3. Radiodiagnostics: Because of the anatomic position of the scaphoid bone any X-raying from a lateral view is difficult because the scaphoid is covered by other carpal bones. In case of an undisplaced fracture you often only see very fine fracture lines, which are only to be seen from a direct orthograde view. It is necessary to X-ray the carpus in different positions. 4. THERAPY: If there is the slightest chance of a scaphoid bone fracture an intensive therapy must be directly started. An immobilisation for a too short period may lead to a delayed union and end in a pseudarthrosis. This is also the case if you start the therapy too late. Then the fracture line is already filled up by fibrous tissue. The latest period of time to begin a conservative treatment is six to eight weeks after the day of the accident.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed2001

Small free vascularized iliac crest bone grafts in reconstruction of the scaphoid bone: a retrospective study in 60 cases.

Carpal instability may result in progressive degenerative arthritis of the wrist. The surgical goal of the reconstruction of scaphoid nonunion is to achieve bone union and to restore the scaphoid. Many procedures are described to treat scaphoid nonunion for different indications. This retrospective study reports on the anatomical fundamentals, the operative procedure, and the results of 60 patients (21 with recalcitrant scaphoid nonunion that lasted longer than 4 years, 26 with an avascular pole fragment, and 13 with scaphoid nonunion after previous surgery) who were treated by a small free vascularized iliac crest bone graft. All 60 patients have routinely been followed up clinically and with magnetic resonance imaging. Union was achieved in 91.7 percent by improvement of stability and the compromised vascularity of the scaphoid. The bone flap loss rate and persisting nonunion was 8.3 percent, leading to progressive arthritis and carpal collapse. Complaints concerning discomforts caused by the scar were heard from 40.1 percent of the patients, and 31.7 percent complained of discomforts caused by the bony deformity. Bone deformations on the donor site were detected radiologically in 63.3 percent of the patients. In 31.7 percent, an impairment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was noted. Reconstruction of the scaphoid by means of implantation of a vascularized iliac bone graft proved efficient to treat avascular recalcitrant scaphoid nonunion and pseudarthrosis with avascular proximal pole fragments.

Adolescent↗