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6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Genomic characterization of novel human-associated CTX-M-15-producing Serratia nevei ST625 lineage infecting a vulnerable loggerhead sea turtle.

BACKGROUND: Serratia nevei is a newly classified and opportunistic bacterial species belonging to the Serratia marcescens complex (SMC). Genomic data from this species is highly relevant for public health and epidemiological tracking. OBJECTIVE: To report the first identification and genomic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M-15)-producing S. nevei sequence type (ST) ST625 lineage infecting a vulnerable loggerhead sea turtle. METHODS: Strain BP02 was recovered from the coelomic cavity of a loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) admitted to a rehabilitation center in southeastern Brazil. MALDI-TOF MS was initially used for species identification and was further confirmed by whole-genome sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq platform, followed by ANI, dDDH, multilocus sequence typing, resistome, plasmidome, virulome, and SNP-based phylogenomic analyses. RESULTS: Strain BP02 exhibited a multidrug-resistant profile, including resistance to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins. Genomic analyses identified BP02 as S. nevei ST625 carrying blaCTX-M-15 within the ISEcp1-blaCTX-M-15-wbuC-ΔTn2 genetic environment, in addition to multiple AMR determinants and the IncC plasmid replicon. Phylogenomic analysis demonstrated close relatedness between BP02 and human clinical ST625 strains, previously reported in São Paulo, Brazil, including a urine-derived strain isolated in 2019, differing by only 27 SNPs. Notably, all publicly available ST625 genomes were associated with human clinical sources and displayed multidrug resistance genotypes. CONCLUSION: This study expands the current knowledge regarding the ecology and genomic features of S. nevei, demonstrating the emergence of a human multidrug-resistant clone in marine wildlife. Our findings reinforce the importance of monitoring clinically relevant SMC members across distinct ecological niches within a One Health perspective.

ESBL↗
PubMed1975

A herpesvirus-type agent associated with skin lesions of green sea turtles in aquaculture.

Nine successive groups of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) were observed in aquaculture during the posthatchling period. During the first 6 months of growth, each group underwent an epizootic of skin lesions, named gray-patch disease. Two types of skin lesions are associated with gray-patch disease: papules and, more characteristically, spreading gray patches which appear 7 to 8 weeks after hatching. In both types of lesions, intranuclear inclusions are found in keratinocytes in the malpighian layer of the epidermis. Electron microscopic examination of scrapings from lesions and biopsies revealed many viral particles, with features characteristic of the herpesvirus group. Transmission of gray-patch disease is possible with bacteria-free preparations of viral particles.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of water temperature on a herpesvirus infection of sea turtles.

The role of water temperature in the induction and maintenance of a dermal herpesvirus infection (gray-patch disease) of young, green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) was studied under carefully controlled experimental conditions, in which the influence of other recognized stress factors was negligible. A nimals that were subjected to a gradual temperature increase from 25 to 30 degrees C, with subsequent maintenance at 30 degrees C, and those that were abruptly shifted from water at 25 degrees C to water at 30 degrees C showed a significantly shorter period before the onset of clinical signs and an increase in the severity of the lesions when compared with control animals. Animals that were subjected to a gradual increase in water temperature from 25 to 30 degrees C and a subsequent decrease to 25 degrees C, where they were maintained, had a period before onset of clinical signs and severity closer to that of control animals. Our findings indicate that both the induction of clinical gray-patch disease and the severity of the lesions are affected by water temperature and suggest that one possible means of control of this herpesvirus infection under intensive aquaculture conditions might be water temperature manipulation.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Highly Contiguous Is Not Chromosomally Accurate: Integrated Cytogenetic and Genomic Mapping in Two Turtle Genome.

High-quality genome assemblies are essential for robust research across biological and medical fields. Assembly errors can have far-reaching consequences for downstream analyses, including gene annotation and the inference of synteny. In contrast to the rapid growth of genomic data volume, there is a notable lag in the integration of chromosome-level assemblies with cytogenetic data. We conducted the first direct genome-to-genome comparison, integrating comparative chromosome painting, the alignment of chromosome-specific probes to available genome assemblies, and synteny-based comparison of independent chromosome-level assemblies of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta, 2n = 56) and the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans, 2n = 50). Using two independent sets of flow-sorted chromosome-specific probes in cross-species hybridizations, together with the sequencing and mapping of chromosome-derived DNA libraries, we assigned assembled scaffolds to all physical chromosomes of both species. In C. caretta, chromosomal assignments and genome-wide synteny were fully consistent with the published assembly, except for the reduced sizes of two microchromosome scaffolds, which we attribute to under-representation of repetitive DNA. In contrast, in T. s. elegans, cytogenetic validation of the assemblies revealed a false rearrangement compared to a missed one. Our results show that even highly contiguous vertebrate genome assemblies can misrepresent chromosome structure. When cytogenetic analyses reveal such inaccuracies, updated reference genomes should be generated for widely studied species to enable accurate inference of karyotype evolution and downstream comparative genomic analyses.

FISH↗
PubMed1976

The sulfatides and some histochemical correlations of the lachrymal glands involved in salt secretion in Chelonia.

High concentrations of sulfolipids (four fractions having different hexose/sulfate ratio), intense enzyme activity (ATPase, oxoreductases) and evidence of mucines (staining with PAS and Alcian blue) in intercellular spaces were found in the lachrymal glands of Caretta caretta and Malaclemys terrapin adapted to sea water. In addition, the supranuclear region of the gland cells in Malaclemys terrapin is filled with mucin granules. These biochemical and histochemical observations indicate that these glands have a function in salt secretion in both species and are also consistent with a function of mucous secretion exclusively in Malaclemys terrapin. Limited signs of hypotrophy are not accompanied by changes in concentrations of sulfolipids in Malaclemys terrapin adapted to fresh water; only the reactions for enzyme activities are less intense. The mucous secretion is not affected, whereas, in correlation with changes in salt secretion, the change in ATPase activity is mot conspicuous. The correlations between the different components of the gland and salt secretion are compared with salt glands of birds and elasmobranchs.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗