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Results for “Self Efficacy”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

[The effects of a diabetic educational program for coping with problem situation on self-efficacy, self care behaviors, coping and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients].

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop and to test the effects of an educational program for coping with problem situations as a nursing intervention in the diabetic patient. METHOD: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. Data were collected from January to March, 2002. The subjects of the study consisted of 31 diabetic patients(experimental group: 17 patients, control group: 14 patients). The intervention of an educational program for coping with problem situations was applied to the experimental group for 4 weeks (total 8 hours). Data were collected before the educational program, immediately after and 1 months later and were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA, t-test, and paired t-test. RESULT: 1. There was a significant difference in self efficacy between the experimental and control groups (F=13.793, p=0.001). 2. There was a significant difference in self care behavior between the experimental and control groups (F=4.583, p=0.041). 3. There was a significant difference in coping behavior of the problem situation between the experimental and control groups (F=62.018, p=0.000). There was a significant difference according to experimental stages (F=4.546, p=0.015) and interaction between education and experimental stages (F=12.039, p=0.000). 4. There was a significant difference in glycemic control between the experimental and control groups (t=-3.112, p=0.004). CONCLUSION: These results support that a diabetic educational program for coping with problem situations is effective in promoting and maintaining self efficacy, self care behavior, problem coping behaviors and in improving glycemic control. Thus this program can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention of in-depth education for diabetic patient.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2002

Relationships between conscientiousness, self-efficacy, self-deception, and learning over time.

The present study examined the dual mediating effects of self-efficacy and self-deception on the relationship between conscientiousness and learning over time. Data from 134 college students were used to investigate the relative impact of self-efficacy and self-deception. Consistent with the hypothesized model, conscientiousness was significantly and positively related to both early training self-efficacy and self-deception, and both self-efficacy and self-deception had significant effects on learning but in opposite directions. Furthermore, the relative impact of self-efficacy and self-deception on learning changed over time as expected. The negative effect of self-deception in early stages of training disappeared at later stages of training but the positive effects of self-efficacy remained. Support was not found for self-efficacy and self-deception as mediators of the conscientiousness-learning relationship.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Relations among perceived self-efficacy, self-esteem, and school achievement.

The present research explored empirically the factorial dimensions of self-efficacy and self-esteem and associations among self-esteem, self-efficacy, and scholastic achievement as measured in 151 subjects (M age = 13.4 yr.). Five factors emerged from factorial analysis: two factors reflected the self-esteem feelings (and were, respectively, named as self-referential self-esteem and comparative self-esteem). The remaining three factors reflected the self-efficacy beliefs in the three different scholastic domains considered, linguistic-literary, logical-mathematical, and technical-practical. All self-efficacy scores were significantly correlated with scholastic achievement while no associations between self-esteem scores and scholastic performance were found. Nevertheless, self-efficacy and self-esteem dimensions shared some common aspects. In particular, each different self-esteem factor showed different magnitudes of association with domain-specific self-efficacy beliefs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Relationships among self-care agency, self-efficacy, self-care, and glycemic control.

Costly complications of diabetes often arise from poor glycemic control. Appropriate diabetes self-care management may improve control. This study examined whether self-care management affects glycemic control and mediates relationships between self-efficacy and self-care agency with glycemic control. In a cross-sectional correlational design, data from a prior study of 141 insulin-requiring adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were examined using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple hierarchical regression. Findings indicated that greater self-care agency and self-efficacy lead to greater self-care management, in turn leading to better glycemic control. Self-care management did not mediate between self-efficacy or self-care agency and glycemic control. Thus, beliefs or capabilities for self-care are insufficient to improve glycemic control; doing so requires self-care management.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[The effect of an internet community on knowledge, self-efficacy and self care behavior in workers with hypertension].

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of an internet community on knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care behavior in workers with hypertension. METHOD: The research design used was a nonequivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. Sixty hypertensive workers participated in this study (Exp.=29, Cont.=31). The data was collected from the 3rd of November 2003 to the 27th of February 2004 using an interview with questionnaires. Information related to hypertension was provided on the internet community weekly and an e-mail newsletter was sent in order to increase participation in the internet community. We used a tool developed by Park Young-Im (1994) that measured knowledge related to hypertension and self-efficacy. A tool developed by Jung Mi-Young (2001) was used for self-care behavior. The collected data was analyzed with an chi2-test and t-test using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. RESULT: The internet community helped workers with hypertension to increase their knowledge related to hypertension, as well as increasing their self-efficacy and self-care behavior. CONCLUSION: An internet community could be applied as hypertensive nursing intervention.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Healthy behaviors, self-efficacy, self-care, and basic conditioning factors in older adults.

A secondary statistical analysis of data from a study investigating the relations among health-promoting self-care behaviors, self-care self-efficacy, and self-care agency in an older adult population is reported (Callaghan, in press). Influences of selected basic conditioning factors on the practice of healthy behaviors, self-efficacy beliefs, and ability for self-care in 235 older adults is presented. The research instruments used to collect data for this study include the following: Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II scale, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices scale, Exercise of Self-Care Agency scale, and a demographic questionnaire assessing basic conditioning factors. Statistically significant relations were found between the following basic conditioning factors and the study variables: education, income, health insurance, race, support system, routine practice of religion, medical problems, marital status, gender, age, and number of children. Community health nurses can use these results in directing interventions that promote the self-care and health of older adults.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Social-cognitive predictors of health behavior: action self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy.

The effects of social-cognitive variables on preventive nutrition and behavioral intentions were studied in 580 adults at 2 points in time. The authors hypothesized that optimistic self-beliefs operate in 2 phases and made a distinction between action self-efficacy (preintention) and coping self-efficacy (postintention). Risk perceptions, outcome expectancies, and action self-efficacy were specified as predictors of the intention at Wave 1. Behavioral intention and coping self-efficacy served as mediators linking the 3 predictors with low-fat and high-fiber dietary intake 6 months later at Wave 2. Covariance structure analysis yielded a good model fit for the total sample and 6 subsamples created by a median split of 3 moderators: gender, age, and body weight. Parameter estimates differed between samples; the importance of perceived self-efficacy increased with age and weight.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2004

Optimism, abstinence self-efficacy, and self-mastery: a comparative analysis of cognitive resources.

The relationship between optimism, abstinence self-efficacy, and self-mastery was examined by investigating levels of these cognitive resources among two samples of recovering substance abusers: Oxford House residents who attended twelve-step groups and twelve-step members who had never lived in an Oxford House. Participants 'levels of optimism were significantly and positively related to both abstinence self-efficacy and self-mastery scores, as abstinence self-efficacy was significantly and positively related to participants' number of days abstinent. Participants who reported having more than 180 days abstinent reported significantly higher levels of abstinence self-efficacy than participants who reported having less than 180 days abstinent. In addition, among participants who reported having less than 180 days abstinent, Oxford House residents reported significantly higher levels of abstinence self-efficacy than twelve-step members. Overall, findings suggest that cognitive resources facilitate substance abusers' recovery and that the Oxford House model might provide high levels of support in their ongoing abstinence.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Self-efficacy predicts self-reported health status in multiple sclerosis.

Self-efficacy is a belief that one can competently cope with a challenging situation. If self-efficacy is a strong predictor of health status in multiple sclerosis (MS), it may be an important area to target in clinical practice, as such beliefs may be modifiable. The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of self-efficacy on self-reported health status in MS. Eighty-nine people with MS completed the Multiple Sclerosis Self-efficacy Scale (MSSE function and control scales), the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29), and the Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12) at two time points: 1) admission to an inpatient rehabilitation unit (n = 43) or for steroid treatment for relapses (n = 46); and 2) discharge (rehabilitation group) or six weeks later (steroid group). Multiple regression analyses examined whether baseline and changes in self-efficacy predict changes in self-reported health status. Both baseline and changes in self-efficacy were strong and independent predictors of changes in health status (P-values ranged from 0.025 to < 0.001). That is, pretreatment self-efficacy scores and increases in self-efficacy scores from baseline to follow-up (improvement), were significantly associated with decreases (improvement) in perceived walking ability and physical and psychological impact of MS. The findings suggest that self-efficacy predicts improvement in health status and that self-efficacy would be an important domain to measure and manage actively in education and rehabilitation programs.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Self-efficacy impacts self-care and HbA1c in young adults with Type I diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: The present study examined self-efficacy and self-esteem as basic aspects of the self that influence self-care and physiological outcomes among young adults with Type I diabetes. The two aims of this study were 1) to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal role of the self-variables as they predict self-care and HbA1c and 2) to test whether self-care mediates the association between the self variables and HbA1c using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. METHODS: One hundred ten participants were recruited from a regional diabetes outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria were age (18-35 years) and duration of diabetes (>1 year before recruitment). Participants were 61% female and 88% white. In addition, the sample had an average annual income between $24,999 and $34,999, and 85% had completed some or all of college. The average duration of diabetes was 15 years. RESULTS: Using multiple regression analyses we found that, compared with self-esteem, self-efficacy was a better predictor of all aspects of self-care and HbA1c in cross-sectional analyses, in addition to diet and exercise self-care, and a better predictor of HbA1c in longitudinal analyses. The data also supported the cross-sectional and longitudinal mediational model in which better self-care helped account for the association between greater self-efficacy and better HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy is an important factor for management of self-care practices and physiological outcomes among young adults with Type I diabetes, and self-care may be an important mechanism by which self-efficacy influences HbA1c levels.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of barriers and self-efficacy on self-care behaviors in type 2 diabetes.

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional, correlational study examined the relationships of diabetes-specific treatment barriers and self-efficacy with self-care behaviors. METHODS: A total of 309 people with type 2 diabetes participated in this study. All of the factors were assessed by self-report questionnaires. Self-care behaviors included exercise, diet, skipping medication, testing blood for glucose, adjusting insulin to avoid or correct hyperglycemia, and adjusting diet to avoid or correct hypoglycemia. RESULTS: Perceived barriers to carrying out self-care behaviors were associated with worse diet and exercise behavior. Greater self-efficacy predicted more frequent blood glucose testing, less frequent skipping of medication and binge eating, and closer adherence to an ideal diet. Nontraditional dimensions of self-efficacy were associated with worse self-care. Self-efficacy explained 4% to 10% of the variance in diabetes self-care behaviors beyond that accounted for by patient characteristics and health beliefs about barriers. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provided support for Rosenstock's proposal that a person's self-perceived capability to carry out a behavior should be incorporated into an expanded health belief model.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Self-efficacy and self-motivation as predictors of weight loss.

The present study was attempted to determine whether self-efficacy and self-motivation would predict outcome in an intensive weight loss program. The subjects included 52 males and 95 females who were at least fifty pounds overweight (mean age = 43 years). The data were analyzed through multiple regression on three separate dependent variables: actual weight loss, adjusted weight loss and percentage of sessions attended. Outcome was predicted based on the following variables: self-efficacy (as measured by confidence estimates and outcome expectancies) and self-motivation (as measured by the Self-Motivation Inventory). The predictors accounted for 32.2% (p less than .01) of the variance in actual weight loss, 8.5% (p less than .01) of the variance in adjusted weight loss and none of the variance in percentage of sessions attended. Self-motivation did not correlate significantly with either actual or adjusted weight loss, while self-efficacy measures did. However, the correlation of the two self-efficacy measures (r = -.07, p greater than .05) suggests that these variables do not constitute a unitary construct and should be conceptualized as independent predictors. These findings suggest that confidence estimates and outcome expectancies are useful predictors of weight loss.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Basic conditioning factors' influences on adolescents' healthy behaviors, self-efficacy, and self-care.

This article reports a secondary statistical analysis of data from a study investigating the relationships among health-promoting self-care behaviors, self-care self-efficacy, and self-care agency in an adolescent population (Callaghan, 2005). The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of selected basic conditioning factors on the practice of healthy behaviors, self-efficacy beliefs, and ability for self-care in 256 adolescents. The research instruments used to collect data for this study include: Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II Scale; Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale; Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale; demographic questionnaire assessing basic conditioning factors. The results of this analysis identified significant relationships between the following basic conditioning factors and adolescents' practice of healthy behaviors, self-efficacy of those behaviors, and self-care abilities: support system, adequate income, adequate living conditions, gender, routine practice of religion, and reported medical problems/disabilities. These findings can give adolescent health nurses direction in developing interventions that promote the self-care and health in this specific population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Relationships among self-efficacy, communication, self-management skills and mental health of employees at a Japanese workplace.

We investigated relationships among self-efficacy, self-management skills, communication with superiors and mental health of employees at a Japanese workplace. The subjects were 426 employees in a medium-sized manufacturing company in Kyushu. In 1999, with agreement of the company, we mailed a self-administrated questionnaire which included questions on age, gender, job rank, communication with superiors, a General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES), a Self-Management Skill scale(SMS) and the Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12). Eighty percent of the subjects returned the questionnaire. Excluding senior managers and insufficient answers, the final response rate was 55 percent. By multiple regression analysis, we found that job rank contributed significantly and positively, and that age, communication with superiors and self-management skills contributed significantly and negatively to the GHQ-12. Our results implied that age, job rank, communication with superiors and self-management skills would contribute to the mental health of Japanese employees.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Self-efficacy and self-reported functional status in coronary heart disease: a six-month prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: We examine prospectively the role of specific forms of self-efficacy in the physical and role function for patients with coronary heart disease after controlling for the effects of anxiety and depression. METHODS: A 6-month prospective cohort study was conducted after cardiac catheterization of 198 HMO members, demonstrating clinically significant coronary disease. Coronary disease severity was assessed through cardiac catheterization; physical function, role function, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy were assessed through questionnaires. RESULTS: The Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale had two factors (maintain function and control symptoms) with high internal consistency and good convergent and discriminant validity. In multiple regression models, the self-efficacy scales significantly predicted physical function, social function, and family function after controlling for baseline function, baseline anxiety, and other significant correlates. CONCLUSIONS: Self-efficacy to maintain function and to control symptoms helps predict the physical function and role function, after accounting for coronary disease severity, anxiety, and depression in patients with clinically significant coronary disease. Interventions to improve self-efficacy may have a broader applicability in the heart disease population than previously appreciated.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1999

A path model of the relationship between career indecision, androgyny, self-efficacy, and self-esteem.

Utilizing a path model, this study investigated the relationship between Androgyny and career decision-making among 91 high school girls. The constructs included in the model were Androgyny as assessed by the Bem Sex-role Inventory, Self-esteem as assessed by the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Self-efficacy as assessed by the Wulff-Steitz Career Self-efficacy Scale, and Career Indecision as assessed by the Osipow Career Decision Scale. The results indicated that Androgyny scores were significantly associated with those on Self-esteem, Self-esteem with Self-efficacy, and Self-efficacy with Career Indecision. The results are discussed in terms of the usefulness of path models in clarifying complex interrelationships.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Behavioral, social, and affective factors associated with self-efficacy for self-management among people with epilepsy.

The purpose of the study described in this article was to evaluate the extent to which selected behavioral, social, and affective factors contribute to self-reported epilepsy self-efficacy. Participants completed three assessments 3 months apart, with only those completing both the first and second assessments included in this analysis. Self-efficacy scores at the second assessment were regressed on the behavioral, social, and affective characteristics ascertained at the first assessment. The analysis revealed that self-management, depressive symptoms, and seizure severity explain the most variance in self-efficacy; patient satisfaction and stigma are less important predictors; and social support and regimen-specific support are not significant predictors. The results provide direction for identifying people with low levels of self-efficacy and highlighting areas that might help enhance self-efficacy in persons with epilepsy.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

The influence of basic conditioning factors on healthy behaviors, self-efficacy, and self-care in adults.

This article presents secondary statistical analyses of data from a 2003 study by the author investigating the relationships among health-promoting self-care behaviors, self-care self-efficacy, and self-care agency in an adult population. The purpose of this article is to identify the influences of selected basic conditioning factors on the practice of healthy behaviors, self-efficacy beliefs, and ability for self-care. The sample consisted of 379 adult participants who completed four research instruments: Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II Scale, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale, Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale, and a demographic questionnaire assessing basic conditioning factors. Statistically significant relationships were found between the following basic conditioning factors and the study variables: age, gender, income, marital status, education, race, and routine practice of religion. These results give direction for nursing interventions that promote self-care and holistic health in an adult population.

Adaptation, Psychological↗