PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Shoulder Joint”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder joint.

Because the shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, it is naturally predisposed to several disorders. The most commonly encountered disorders requiring diagnostic imaging are rotator cuff disease and glenohumeral instability. Plain film radiography and arthrography have for many years been the mainstays of shoulder imaging. CT added a third dimension to shoulder imaging, improving its sensitivity with respect to glenoid labral pathology. Ultrasonography of the rotator cuff showed early promise in noninvasive evaluation of cuff tears, but it did not gain universal acceptance because of various negative factors, including inadequate visualization of the cuff, poor results regarding partial tears, and most importantly, operator dependency. The development of MR imaging afforded the radiologist improved comprehensive visualization of the shoulder joint in a noninvasive manner.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Swelling of the upper extremity, function and muscle strength of shoulder joint following mastectomy combined with radiotherapy.

Swelling of the arm, mobility of the shoulder joint and muscle strength were examined in 76 patients with breast cancer 4.5 to 14 years (mean 8 years) after primary therapy. Marked arm swelling was found on the operated side in 31% of the patients operated by radical mastectomy and in 18% of those having undergone total mastectomy. The swelling was more marked in the upper arm than in the forearm. Patients irradiated postoperatively with a megavoltage technique showed more often and more oedema than those treated with a kilovoltage technique. Obese patients had more swelling than patients of normal weight. Of the various movements of the shoulder joint, abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, horizontal extension and internal rotation were significantly reduced on the operated side in comparison with the non-operated side, but the differences were not great. Neither swelling of the arm nor the patient's weight had any effect on the function of the shoulder joint, as expressed in terms of abduction. Of the muscle groups in the shoulder joint adductors, flexors and extensors were significantly weaker on the operated than on the non-operated side. The muscle strength of the operated side averaged 25% weaker than that of the control side. Swelling of the arm did not reduce the muscle strength of the shoulder joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[A contribution to pigmented villonodular synovitis of the shoulder joint (author's transl)].

Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the shoulder joint, particularly with osseous invasion, is a rare disease. Typical clinical, roentgenological and histological criteria are pointed out on the basis of the case report of one of the authors' own patients. Aetiology and pathogenesis of the changes are discussed. This disease must be included in differential diagnostic deliberations in the shoulder joint region as well, where it may be superficially confused with malignant tumours of the joint.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Soft tissue xeroradiography of the shoulder joint.

Soft tissue xeroradiography of the shoulder joint has been compared with a film technique arrived at previously. The xerox plates gave a lower radiation dose to the patient without loss of information. The film technique requires a tungsten target tube with an extra thin glass window (=0.5 mm Al), while the xerox technique may be used with standard tubes.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modification to the conventional wheel for measuring the range of movements of the shoulder joint.

A simple modification to the conventional shoulder wheel is suggested. This would enable both the therapist and the patient to make an objective assessment of the range of movement taking place in a painful and stiff shoulder joint. The most common factors in producing an error in the evaluation of range of movement are trunk movement and shoulder elevation. This modification would help to avoid them. It is cheap and easy to manufacture.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Anatomical bases of ultrasonic examination of the shoulder joint].

Authors present the parts of the shoulder that can be represented by ultrasound. Beside the rotator cuff of accentuated significance (within this, first of all the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle) the subacromial bursa, the tendon of the long head of the biceps, the muscle-tendon junction of the infraspinatus muscle are analysed. It is stated that the ultrasonography is suitable for a reliable representation of the soft tissues, surrounding the shoulder joint, further in possession of literary data they see possibility for a very exact judgement of the pathological alterations, too.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of muscular dysfunction on the development of shoulder joint in children with Erb's paralysis].

In order to evaluate the disturbances of development of the shoulder joint in children with Erb's paralysis the authors conducted an X-ray examination of the shoulder girdle and the shoulder in the anterior-posterior projection. The assessment of the functional state of the muscles of the shoulder girdle was made with the aid of clinical EMG. It was established that there was a retardation of growth and ossification of the radial head of the humerus on the affected side, a decrease in the longitudinal and cross-sectional sizes of the humerus, a retardation in the development of the joint scopular cavity, disorders in spacial interrelationship in the components of the shoulder joint and internal rotation of the shoulder joint. The structural and anatomical changes in the components of the shoulder joint are associated with disorders of the neurotrophic processes in the bone tissue and the muscular dysbalance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Gerontological aspects of degenerative changes of the shoulder-joint. (Radiological and clinical studies).

In a series of radiological studies of both shoulder joint of 505 aged persons considering themselves healthy, the authors have systematized and statistically analysed the changes detected. Based on an increasing frequency as a function of age, on the identical ratio of occurrence by sexes and sides, on simultaneous occurrence, and on the identity of bilateral phenomena, the authors interpret these radiological changes as the consequence of a primary degenerative process. In the course of detailed clinical examinations and tests made in 100 cases taken at random, the authors have found no evaluable number and degree of limitations of motion, nor any evaluable difference in respect of the right and left shoulder joint of males and females.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[The differential diagnosis of lesions of the rotator cuff and of neurological disorders in the shoulder joint area].

Lesions of the rotating cuff is a most frequent cause of disorders in the shoulder joint. However, they are frequently misdiagnosed and their manifestations use to be considered as those of scapulohumeral periarthritis, cervical osteochondrosis, or even brachial plexus palsy. The paper deals with symptoms and signs of rotating cuff lesions that are fairly different from those of the conditions above cited. It is emphasized that the deltoid muscle palsy cannot result in a permanent loss or restriction of active elevation of the arm when the function of the rotating cuff remains undisturbed. 16 patients with ruptures of the rotating cuff and simultaneous axillary palsy (11 cases) or Erb-Duchenne paralysis (5 cases) were successfully operated on by the author. Experience gained with treating lesions of the rotating cuff including surgical repair of the cuff in the above-mentioned cases permitted drawing a table of the differential diagnosis of rotatory cuff lesions and certain neurological and neurodystrophic lesions in the shoulder joint as well as specifying the identification of the level of brachial plexus lesion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemiarthroplasty for the rheumatoid shoulder joint.

Hemiarthroplasty was performed in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder joint. A humeral head prosthesis was inserted to replace the articular surface of the humeral head in 12 shoulders. Marked relief of pain and improved function in long term follow-up examinations were noted in the majority of the patients. The indication for shoulder hemiarthroplasty is severe pain and chronic rheumatoid disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography diagnosis of changes in the glenoid process in patients with unstable shoulder joints].

UNLABELLED: In 4 fresh specimens and in 14 healthy volunteers we studied normal anatomy of the glenoid labrum by MRI. In a total of 124 patients we examined the shoulder joints by MRI. 69 patients had any kind of subacromial pathology. 55 patients showed a glenohumeral instability. All MRI findings were compared with the surgical findings during arthroscopy and during open surgery. 44 patients showed a recurrent anterior instability, 7 patients showed a multidirectional instability, 2 patients showed a posterior instability, and 2 patients presented acute anterior dislocation. We found significant variability in the labral shape as well as significant variability of anterior capsular attachment. The pathologic changes of the glenoid labrum were classified in four different types. In 78% we found a concomitant Hill-Sachs lesion of various diameter. 5 patients suffered from an additional complete rotator cuff tear. Compared to the intraoperative findings MRI had a sensitivity of 95%, a specificity of 94%, an accuracy of 94%, a positive predictive value of 91%, and a negative predictive value of 96% in detecting labral pathology. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Presenting a high diagnostic value for detecting Bankart lesions, MRI may replace other diagnostic modalities like CT-arthrography.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Histological studies of a tongue-shaped formation at the intertubercular groove in the shoulder joint of the dog].

Radiologically apparent unilateral changes at the intertubercular groove of the humerus were investigated histologically in three dogs and compared with the findings in an unaltered shoulder joint of a dog. Polymethylmethacrylate embedded, undecalcified sections were cut through the sulcus area at the head of humerus and through the biceps tendon, its synovial sheet and the transverse ligament, and were evaluated by light microscopy. While the tendon and soft tissue features were for the most part typical for a normal "gliding" tendon, the respective groove exhibited an again groove-like, 10-12 mm wide and up to 2 mm high exostosis consisting mainly of lamellar bone, filled with hemopoietic and fatty marrow. The normal fibrocartilaginous lining of the groove showed degenerative arthrotic changes in the altered grooves, pointing to mechanical overloading. The possible mechanisms of these ossifications are discussed.

Animals↗