PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Social Desirability”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship among prospective parents' locus of control, social desirability, and choice of psychoprophylaxis.

This study sought to determine if there is a relationship among locus of control, social desirability, and choice of psychoprophylaxis (PPM). It was hypothesized that internal locus of control and low social desirability would correlate significantly with the choice of PPM by husbands and wives; that externally controlled wives who participated in PPM would have more internally controlled husbands than externally controlled wives who participated in PPM would have more internally controlled husbands than externally controlled wives who did not participate; and that locus of control and social desirability, when taken together, would be better predictors of choice of PPM than either taken separately. Ninety-eight middle-class nulliparous couples, participant and non-participant, were studied in the seventh or eighth month of the wife's pregnancy. Rotter's I-E Scale and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale were used to measure locus of control and social desirability. Study findings did not support the hypotheses.

Choice Behavior↗
PubMed1975

Social desirability and self-reports of mood: a rejoinder.

Warehime and Jones found moderate correlations between social desirability and short-term mood level scores on the Wessman-Ricks Personal Feeling Scales. They suggested that it might be valuable to study patterns of dissimulation in self-reports of immediate feeling states. In the present authors' studies involving long-term mood reports and multivariate methods, social desirability was shown to have a moderately weak relationship with measures of mood level and mood variability. Under conditions of confidentiality and good rapport, repeated self-reports of mood appeared to share more variance with important personality characteristics and situational influences than with social desirability per se.

Emotions↗
PubMed1976

Causal priority of social desirability over self-concept: a cross-lagged correlation analysis.

The study examined the causal relationship between social desirability (SD) and self-concept (SC). Two self-report instruments--Crandall's Children's Social Desirability Scale and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale--were administered before and after a 9-month therapeutic treatment designed to enhance self-concept. Subjects were 57 upper elementary pupils in a laboratory research school. Three hypotheses were proposed: (a) There is a positive correlation between SD and SC; (b) SD is more stable across time than SC; and (c) SD is causally prior to SC. Cross-lagged panel correlation analysis supported all three hypotheses. Discussion centers on a causal explanation of the distorting effect of SD upon SC scores.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of socially desirable responding among perpetrators and victims of wife assault.

Wife assaulters attending a treatment group and women who had just exited an abusive relationship were asked to report on the extent of physical violence and emotional abuse in their relationship. Measures of socially desirable responding (SDR) were administered to both groups. Wife assaulters' self-reports of physical abuse correlated negatively with one SDR measure (the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding) but not another (the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale); emotional abuse correlated negatively with both measures. Although physical abuse was primarily related to impression management, psychological abuse was affected by both impression management and self-deception aspects of SDR. Wife assaulters' reports of their own anger also correlated negatively with SDR. Both self-deception and impression management appear to contribute to underreporting of anger. Finally, abuse victims' reports of both physical and emotional abuse were unrelated to SDR.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Short forms of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale.

Three short forms of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale were constructed from the results of principal components analysis (N = 399). Those subscales were compared with short forms developed by previous researchers who used the same methodology. Examination of the subscales indicated that 13 of the scale's 33 items were isolated by at least two of the three reported studies. Those items were used to construct a composite subscale, which appeared to offer a useful alternative to the full scale. Further analysis of the subscale's contents, however, raised questions about the dimensionality of the Marlowe-Crowne scale. Caution was urged in the use and interpretation of both the full inventory and the short form until the meaning of scale scores can be clarified.

Bias↗
PubMed1977

Psychomotor traits, social desirability and the personal illness hierarchy.

Seventy-eight psychiatric in-patients were allocated to personal illness classes by means of the Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory (DSSI). Paper and pencil measures of psychomotor speed and scatter of tapping were administered with an immediate retest. It is suggested that from a social desirability position one would have to predict that the more personally ill (i.e. those endorsing the more socially undesirable items) would be slower and more diffuse on these measures. We found, however, such patients to be more constricted and slower. It is concluded that such a combination adds to the utility and validity of the hierarchy of classes of personal illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Patterns of social desirability and anger in young men with a parental history of hypertension: association with cardiovascular activity.

We identified, via cluster analysis, subgroups of young men with a parental history of hypertension (PH+) who differed in their profiles of need for approval, covert experience of anger, and extent to which they express anger when provoked. The PH+ subgroup with high need for approval and low anger acknowledgment scored higher on denial but lower on measures of angry temperament and overt display of anger than did the PH+ subgroup with low need for approval and high anger acknowledgment or men without a parental history of hypertension (PH-). Moreover, the PH+ subgroup with high need for approval and low anger acknowledgment manifested significantly higher stressor-induced blood pressure (BP) responsivity than did the other two groups. Possible relations between parental history status, need for approval, anger, BP reactivity, and essential hypertension are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Grouping of children's helping behaviour.

215 school children aged 9 to 12 yr. were grouped according to their helping behaviour. The following variables were measured: helping, empathy, altruism, morality, attribution of responsibility, cognitive readiness to help, willingness to help, social desirability, and abstract thinking. In a factor analysis age and sex were included. Five factors were extracted and interpreted: empathetic helping, socially desirable helping, cognitive helping, intentionality, and rational helping. According to grouping analysis these five factors were weighted differently, and three groups were identified, (1) real helpers with high empathy, altruism, morality, and cognitive readiness to help, (2) normative helpers, motivated by social desirability or cognitive factors with poor empathy level, and (3) cognitively premature, rational helpers with poor empathy and with weak social desirability.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Sex differences in perception of life events using self-weights.

This study investigated the relationship between sex differences and the perception of life events as influenced by social desirability. Change events in the lives of 71 subjects being admitted to the adult inpatient unit of a large mental health center were measured by the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire. Social desirability and role perception were measured using the L-Scale of the Mini-Mult, an abbreviated form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. The findings suggest that sex differences in the appraisal of life events have a social desirability bias rather than an intrinsic difference between males and females.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Some properties of the ego-resiliency subtle scale of the MMPI.

The Ego Resiliency-Subtle (ER-S) scale was developed by Block (1965) as a social desirability free measure of the first factor of the MMPI. The purpose of the present experiments was to determine whether or not the 40-items comprising the ER-S scale remain neutral regarding social desirability and if the subject's score on the scale remains constant when taken out of the context of the other MMPI items; if so, the ER-S scale could be used as a screening device. Experiment I demonstrated that the items were not neutral regarding social desirability when taken out of context, but Experiment II indicated that this did not influence the responses subjects gave to the items. Because a memory factor may have been operating in Experiment II, a third experiment was conducted to minimize this factor resulting in a male-female vs. embedded-alone interaction and an order of presentation vs. embedded-alone interaction.

Ego↗
PubMed1992

Functional versus structural social support, desirable events, and positive affect in older adults.

The independent contributions of structural social support versus functional support to positive affect in older adults were compared in this prospective design. Four social support models were translated from the stress-symptoms literature into promotional models for positive mental health and for relationships to desirable challenge events. A total of 1,031 older adults were interviewed 5 times at 6-month intervals, and events were measured across the middle 18-month period. The 2 support variables made quite different contributions. Functional support was directly related to positive affect 2 years later, independent of events; structural support had more transitory direct effects. Structural support, but not functional support, was related to the subsequent occurrence of challenge events and in turn was strengthened by challenge events, suggesting a dynamic interplay between the social network and desirable events.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Sexual and aggressive motives in sexually aggressive college males.

The relative contributions to sexual aggression of general sexual and aggressive motives and their respective inhibitory factors were compared. One hundred forty-three university males responded to self-report measures of sexual and aggressive drives, sex and hostility guilt, social desirability response bias, and history of coercive sexuality. With the effects of social desirability controlled, the only predictor of sexual aggression was Sex Guilt, which predicted level of force used but not intimacy of the sexual act obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attitudes and intentions of baccalaureate nursing students toward the elderly.

The primary purpose of this study was to develop instruments that reliably measure belief and behavioral intentions toward the elderly with control for social desirability set within the belief measure. Related purposes involved evaluation of the impact of a gerontologic nursing course on beliefs and behavioral intentions of nursing students toward the elderly. Data were collected over a three-month period from 153 volunteers in a baccalaureate nursing program. One group was tested both before and immediately after a gerontologic nursing course; three other groups were tested immediately, one, and two years after the course. A paired-comparison type belief scale and a multiple-act behavioral intention scale were developed and used in the study. The Kogan Old People and Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scales served as outside criteria. Both new instruments were found to be highly reliable. An association between beliefs and behavioral intentions above the .30 level was found between scores on the behavioral intention and Kogan scales, but not between behavioral intention and belief scores.

Aged↗