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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Familial relationship between Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome, attention deficit disorder, learning disabilities, speech disorders, and stuttering.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the familial relationship between Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS) and attention deficit disorder (ADD), learning problems, speech disorders, and stuttering. METHOD: This family study consisted of 338 first degree relatives of 85 GTS probands and 113 controls. All available relatives were personally assessed using structured interviews, and family history information was collected from all family members. Best-estimate diagnoses were assigned for GTS, ADD, learning problems, speech disorders, and stuttering. Analyses examined whether ADD, learning problems, speech disorders, and stuttering by themselves represent genetically variant expressions of GTS. RESULTS: There was no evidence that ADD, learning problems, speech disorders, or stuttering represent variant expressions of GTS. However, relatives with GTS were at increased risk for ADD regardless of the ADD diagnosis of the GTS proband. CONCLUSIONS: ADD, learning problems, stuttering, and speech problems by themselves are not variant forms of GTS. However, GTS and ADD may be etiologically related in some persons. There may be two types of individuals with GTS and ADD: ones in whom ADD is independent of GTS, and others in whom ADD is secondary to occurrence of GTS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Language and speech disorders in preschool children and possibilities for rehabilitation--frequent ear-nose-throat findings that may be responsible for language and speech disorders].

Speech disorders in preschool children generally have to be treated by speech therapy with continuing support of the parents. Depending on the severity and cause of the disorder supplementary therapeutic interventions in specialised institutions or individual psychotherapy may be necessary in addition to speech therapy. Careful differential diagnosis before starting any specific therapy is mandatory.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Cross-cultural attitudes toward speech disorders.

Speech-language pathologists serving multicultural populations may encounter unfamiliar beliefs about speech disorders among the members of different cultures. This study used a questionnaire to look at attitudes toward four disorders (cleft palate, dysfluency, hearing impairment, and misarticulations) among 166 university students representing English-speaking North American culture and several other cultures (e.g., Chinese, Southeast Asian, Hispanic). The results showed significant group differences on items involving the subjects' beliefs about the emotional health of persons with speech disorders and about the potential ability of speech-disordered persons to change their own speech.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Examination of 1,300 children for incidence and therapy of hearing disorders in pediatric speech disorders].

This study presents the results on 1305 children with speech disorders. The examination includes ENT-inspection, audiometry, speech-evaluations and if required, psychological tests. In 48% we found hearing losses, most frequently in the age up to four years. In 95% hearing losses were fluctuating about 20 decibels, caused by malfunction of the tube or by adenoids, not even in autumn and winter, but also all the year. In this case, fluctuating hearing function reduces the total hearing input over the year. In only 5% we found cochlear hearing loss. In hearing impaired children speech development was significantly more depressed in all dimensions in comparison to normal hearing children. This study does impressive demonstrate the necessity of follow-up microscopic evaluations of the tympanic membrane and audiometry as well as the consequence operative therapy including adenoidectomy and insertion of ventilation tubes. With this concept, only 37% of the children required speech therapy.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1992

Consonant clusters in disordered speech: constraints and correspondence patterns.

Comparison of patterns of cluster realization from 47 children ranging in age from 3;4 to 6;8 with functional (non-organic) speech disorders with those reported in the literature for normal acquisition reveals that these patterns are essentially the same for both groups. Using a two-level generative phonology for children's independent systems, further analysis of cluster realizations by means of feature geometry and underspecification theory reveals that there are systematic and principled relationships between adult representations of clusters and children's underlying representations and between children's underlying representations and their phonetic representations. With special emphasis on coalescence phenomena, it is suggested that the apparent diversity in children's cluster realizations can be reduced to four constraints on the form of underlying and phonetic representations.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Do the effects of adventitious deafness include disordered speech?

The popular clinical prediction is that adventitious deafness will result in deterioration of speech sound production; consequently, a recommendation of speech conservation training is thought to be warranted in these cases. This prediction usually follows from a theory that counts feedback (particularly auditory feedback) as important in the maintenance of normal speech. The results of this study, designed to examine the speech of five adventitiously deafened adults matched with a group of normal controls, do not support the prediction of speech deterioration. Even so, judges were able to differentiate deafened from normally hearing speakers. Some possibilities are considered that could account for the identity of the deafened speakers in the absence of clinically significant speech disorder, and clinicians are encouraged to reevaluate their assumptions concerning this population.

Aged↗