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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sperm banking: use and outcomes in patients treated for testicular cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency that sperm banking was used by men being treated for testicular cancer at our institution, and to characterize the differences between men choosing to bank sperm or not, and outcomes in terms of after-treatment pregnancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A questionnaire addressing sperm banking and fertility was administered to men treated for testicular cancer at our institution between 1994 and 2004; the results were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Overall, 31 of 129 (24%) respondents had banked sperm. Of these, two had used their banked sperm to father a child, and 12 had had children naturally. Men who banked sperm were a mean of 10.3 years younger (P < 0.001) and less likely to have children at the time of diagnosis (P < 0.025) than men choosing not to bank sperm. The cost of banking sperm was reported to include a mean fee of US dollars 358 (median 300, range 0-1000), and a mean annual maintenance fee of US dollars 243.86 (median 300, range 0-1200). CONCLUSIONS: Only a minority of men in this study chose to bank sperm (24%). Among those who did, the use of banked sperm was low (<10%), and many men could have children without using banked sperm. Given the relatively high costs of sperm banking and the low rate of sample use, patients should be counselled on the costs and benefits of sperm banking before treatment for testicular cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Prospective, randomized, blinded evaluation of donor semen quality provided by seven commercial sperm banks.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate variability in donor semen quality between seven commercial donor sperm banks, within sperm banks, and between intracervical insemination and intrauterine insemination. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, blind evaluation of commercially available donor semen samples. SETTING: An academic andrology laboratory. PATIENT(S): Seventy-five cryopreserved donor semen samples were evaluated. INTERVENTION(S): Samples were coded, then blindly evaluated for semen quality. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Standard semen quality parameters, including concentration, motility parameters, World Health Organization criteria morphology, and strict criteria morphology. RESULT(S): Significant differences were observed between donor semen banks for most semen quality parameters analyzed in intracervical insemination samples. In general, the greatest variability observed between banks was in percentage progressive sperm motility (range, 8.8 +/- 5.8 to 42.4 +/- 5.5) and normal sperm morphology (strict criteria; range, 10.1 +/- 3.3 to 26.6 +/- 4.7). Coefficients of variation within sperm banks were generally high. CONCLUSION(S): These data demonstrate the variability of donor semen quality provided by commercial sperm banks, both between banks and within a given bank. No relationship was observed between the size or type of sperm bank and the degree of variability. The data demonstrate the lack of uniformity in the criteria used to screen potential semen donors and emphasize the need for more stringent screening criteria and strict quality control in processing samples.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed2002

Oncologists' attitudes and practices regarding banking sperm before cancer treatment.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to survey oncologists in three different practice settings to determine their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding referring patients to bank sperm before cancer treatment. METHODS: A postal survey about knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding banking sperm before cancer treatment was sent to 718 oncology staff physicians and fellows at two cancer centers and at sites in a Community Clinical Oncology Program. RESULTS: The return rate was 24% and did not differ by institution, oncologic specialty, or sex. Fellows were significantly more likely to participate (37%) than staff physicians (20%). Ninety-one percent of respondents agreed that sperm banking should be offered to all men at risk of infertility as a result of cancer treatment, but 48% either never bring up the topic or mention it to less than a quarter of eligible men. Neither greater knowledge about sperm banking nor seeing large numbers of eligible men yearly increased the likelihood of discussing the option. Barriers cited included lack of time for the discussion, perceived high cost, and lack of convenient facilities. Oncologists reported they would be less likely to offer sperm banking to men who were homosexual, HIV-positive, had a poor prognosis, or had aggressive tumors. Oncologists overestimated the costs of sperm banking and the number of samples needed to make cryopreservation worthwhile. CONCLUSION: Sperm banking should be offered as an option to all men at risk of infertility because of their cancer treatment. Clearer practice standards could help oncologists increase their knowledge about sperm banking and avoid dependence on biased patient selection criteria.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Reasons for rejecting potential donors from a sperm bank program.

PURPOSE: Recruiting donors to a sperm bank program is difficult and slow because of high dropout rates and high rejection rates. The profile of successful and unsuccessful donors was determined at our sperm bank. METHODS: A total of 199 men was screened from 1986 to 1994 in the anonymous sperm bank donor programs; 174 (87%) men dropped out or did not meet minimum guidelines. The study included 25 accepted donors and 20 rejected men (of 52 rejected donors, only 20 donors who came for two consecutive semen analyses were selected). Sperm quality variables and demographic data were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Accepted donors had significantly better semen quality in motility, velocity, linearity, and ALH than did rejected donors (P < 0.01). More rejected donors than accepted donors were single (P < 0.01). A higher percentage of accepted donors consumed caffeine (P < 0.001), and they were more likely to have college degrees (P < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that loss of interest and poor semen quality were the major reasons for rejection of donors in our anonymous donor sperm bank program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Sperm banking in adolescent cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Semen cryopreservation is a widely available method of maintaining fertility in male cancer patients. However this facility is not always used. AIMS: To identify the barriers to successful sperm banking in a group of adolescent and young adult patients. METHODS: Questionnaires were administered to 55 patients aged 13-21 years who had received potentially gonadotoxic therapy between 1997 and 2001 and had been offered sperm banking. RESULTS: Forty five questionnaires were completed; 67% of respondents were able to bank sperm. Those who had been unsuccessful were younger and described higher levels of anxiety at diagnosis and greater difficulty in talking about fertility. They also described less understanding of sperm banking at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Most adolescent cancer patients who have been offered fertility preservation are able to bank sperm. Younger patients may be helped by the provision of high quality information and more open discussion of the technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Knowledge and experience regarding cancer, infertility, and sperm banking in younger male survivors.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to survey male patients aged 14 to 40 years at diagnosis and recently treated in two cancer centers to determine their knowledge, attitudes, and experiences regarding cancer-related infertility and sperm banking. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A postal survey about cancer-related infertility and sperm banking was offered to 904 men diagnosed with cancer within the previous 2 years. Eight percent opted out of the study. The others were sent the survey, with a cover letter stating elements of informed consent. RESULTS: Although the return rate was only 27%, yielding a sample of 201 men, responders did not differ significantly from nonresponders by institution, age, ethnicity, or cancer site. Overall, 51% of men wanted children in the future, including 77% of men who were childless at cancer diagnosis. Despite some anxieties about their own survival and risks to their children's health, men felt that the experience of cancer increased the value they placed on family closeness and would make them better parents. Only 60% of men recalled being informed about infertility as a side effect of cancer treatment, and just 51% had been offered sperm banking. Those who discussed infertility with their physicians had higher knowledge about cancer-related infertility and were significantly more likely to bank sperm. Only 24% of men banked sperm, including 37% of childless men. Lack of information was the most common reason for failing to bank sperm (25%). CONCLUSION: All men who are about to receive cancer treatment that could impair fertility should be counseled about such side effects and given adequate information to make an informed decision about banking sperm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The Munich cryopreserved sperm bank--intermediate 1974-1986 evaluation].

The storage of spermatozoa from tumour patients in sperm banks is an important medical task. As a result of improved treatment strategies the survival rate, particularly in patients with testicular tumours and Hodgkin's disease, is excellent if the diagnosis is made early. However, the necessary therapeutic measures often lead to the mutilation of reproductive function. At the Department of Dermatology at the University of Munich a sperm bank has been in existence since 1974; most of the patients who consult the sperm bank are men with testicular tumours. A synopsis of the last 12 years provides information about the patients, indications for storage, the method of preservation used and the fate of the cryopreserved samples used for insemination. To guarantee that optimal results are achieved, cryopreserved sperm samples should only be used by gynaecologists who are particularly experienced in the treatment of sterility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

"Sperm bank" integration - accident or fiction?

QUESTION: A Washington newsletter recently reprinted from another publication the story of a white, previously childless, married woman who supposedly bore a black baby after being artifically inseminated with sperm from a "sperm bank." The woman reportedly committed suicide after the birth. I was not aware of the existence of such banks and would like information about their operation, and whether such an incident as reported could possibly have occurred. ANSWER: This question interests me enormously, for I was one of the pioneer investigators in therapeutic donor insemination. Our 1st such baby is now 41-years-old. I do not know of any "sperm bank" which furnishes sperm to doctors or patients. I know of only 1 doctor in the U.S. who started freezing of sperm to a temperature of -74 degrees C who will on occassion ship sperm to a colleague for insemination. I can assure you that in this instance there has never been any mixup in the source of the sperm. Even those physicians who have sources of sperm which they use for donor insemination, for example, Edward Tyler, MD, in Los Angeles, and S.J. Behrman, MD, in Ann Arbor, Michigan, to my knowledge use the specimens only for their own patients. I have personal knowledge of only 1 instance of error. In this case a doctor advised me that through an error of his office nurse, sperm from a black donor was inseminated into the doctor's private white patient. Fortunately, the physician called me within 24 hours of this occurrence and I immediately instructed him to put the patient on a regimen of high doses of estrogen at once. This prevented the possibility of a pregnancy from a bank. Again I will say that in my large experience of donor insemination I do now know of any functioning sperm bank which furnishes semen to a casual physician. The letter from the inquiring physician did not clearly elucidate the sequential relations between the artifical insemination, the birth of the black baby, and the suicide. I presume that the black baby was born 9 months after the insemination; and, then because of having given birth to a black baby, the white mother committed sucide. Referring to my experience mentioned above, if sucn an accident should happen because of the use of the wrong sperm, whether it be of black, white, or other origin, treatment with estrogen within 3-4 days of insem ination will prevent the ainsemination from being successful. In all lik elihood, if this particular story were investigated, you will find that the sperm sample probably was not from a sperm bank but was fresh sperm, with somebody's carelessness responsible for the mixup; and, of course, assuming the incident really occurred.

Insemination, Artificial↗
PubMed1995

Sperm banking and patients with cancer. Issues concerning patients and healthcare professionals.

In 1994, approximately 52,000 new cancers will have occurred in patients < or = 34 years of age. Reported survival rates for tumors common to males in this age group are promising and are expected to improve. Chemotherapy treatment may produce infertility, and without appropriate intervention, the aspiration of producing offspring may never be realized. Semen cryopreservation (sperm banking) may be offered to male patients with cancer as an intervention to circumvent loss of procreation ability resulting from chemotherapy-induced infertility. Oncology nurses can discuss infertility and sperm banking with patients at the most opportune time, before initiation of chemotherapy. Considerable debate exists among health-care professionals regarding the practicality and usage of sperm banking for young adult male patients with cancer being treated with chemotherapy. In addition, health-care professionals may be uncomfortable discussing issues of a sexual nature with patients. Staff nurses administering chemotherapy to young adult males need to work toward improving their knowledge about the effects of cancer and cancer treatment on reproduction. Improved knowledge will reinforce the importance of offering sperm banking to circumvent treatment-induced infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Establishment of the data base of large human sperm bank and its application].

On the basis of Access 97, we set up the first computer management system for human sperm bank in China, which dealt with various information and data of sperm bank and of treatment for AID(artificial insemination donor) patients. The system and its application, characteristics and significance were discussed in this article.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurse practice issues regarding sperm banking in adolescent male cancer patients.

The impressive increase in the survival rate of childhood cancer patients has produced increased interest in quality of life issues. This research addresses nurse practice issues in determining whether the newly diagnosed adolescent male patient is offered the option of sperm banking before undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Questionnaires were distributed to nurses and nurse practitioners on 3 inpatient and outpatient units who care for adolescent male cancer patients at the time of diagnosis, during chemotherapy, and during follow-up care. Findings indicate that 96.3% of respondents agreed that all male patients undergoing cancer treatment with infertility as a potential side effect should be offered sperm banking. Respondents viewed oncologists and nurse practitioners as appropriate professionals to discuss the option. Lack of knowledge regarding sperm banking could be limiting nurses' willingness to introduce the topic, and education regarding cryopreservation may improve their knowledge and practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Poor semen quality from patients with malignancies does not rule out sperm banking.

Cancer therapy can further impair the already poor semen quality in cancer patients. This study evaluated the prefreeze and postthaw semen quality before treatment of patients with malignancies to examine the rationale for sperm banking for these men. Records of nine patients with different malignant tumors, who had been referred for sperm cryopreservation between 1982 and 1997, were reviewed and the results were compared with those of 50 normal healthy donors. Patients did not differ from donors in age, ejaculate volume, or duration of sexual abstinence. The total motile sperm count (median and interquartile range) was significantly different between patients and donors for prefreeze specimens (P = 0.026) and postthaw specimens (P = 0.008). Also, the percent motility was significantly lower in the patients as compared with the donors in prefreeze (P = 0.035) and postthaw specimens (P = 0.005). The percentage change in motility after thawing was also larger for patient samples (-54% versus -47%, P = 0.39). Other sperm motion characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups except for postthaw curvilinear velocity (P = 0.01). This study concludes that fresh and frozen thawed semen from patients with malignant tumors is poor in quality but is still adequate for assisted reproductive techniques. As cancer therapy may further impair semen quality, patients should be offered the chance to bank sperm before undergoing cancer therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[The establishment and application of network human sperm bank management information system].

OBJECTIVE: To build network human sperm bank management information system. METHODS: The system was developed with SQL Server 2000 and Power Builders 8.0. RESULTS: The system consisted of 4 modules: file management, physical check-up and laboratory examination management, sperm examination and freezing management, supply and follows-up management. The system worked by long-distance transmission and real time supervision. CONCLUSION: The system possesses the advantages of huge information content, great safety and high confidentiality, as well as the functions of long-distance transmission and real time supervision.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Sperm banking and rate of assisted reproduction treatment: insights from a 15-year cryopreservation program for male cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Semen cryostorage remains the only proven method to preserve fertility in men with cancer. However, the necessity and the justification of banking spermatozoa have been questioned because it has been reported that only a small percentage of patients are referred for assisted reproductive technologies using frozen semen. METHODS: A 15-year cryopreservation program involving 776 men with malignant diseases who were referred to the study institution for semen cryopreservation before proceeding with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy was reviewed. Data regarding cancer diagnosis, age, semen quality, and use of frozen semen were analyzed. RESULTS: Sperm banking was not performed for 90 of the 776 subjects (11.6%) because of azoospermia. Sperm quality was reduced in men with testicular carcinoma. To date, 36 of the 686 patients who had banked spermatozoa (5.2%) have attended the clinic for assisted conception treatments using frozen spermatozoa. Cumulative rates related to the use of frozen semen at 4, 8, and 12 years were 4.5%, 8.7%, and 11.8%, respectively. Relevant factors demonstrated to be significantly associated with a lower probability of using frozen material were a younger age at the time of cryostorage and a diagnosis of testicular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of referral for assisted reproductive techniques in patients who have banked their semen is low but tends to rapidly increase extending the length of follow-up. The cumulative percentage of use is at least above 10% but a longer follow-up is required to draw definitive conclusions. A diagnosis of testicular carcinoma is associated with a lower rate of use when compared with other cancers. Cancer 2003;97:1624-9.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Causes of donor rejection in a sperm banking program.

During a 2-year period, 93 men between the ages of 18 and 46 years were screened for sperm donation using a three-stage protocol. Thirty (32%) applicants became active donors. Eighty-five percent of the semen specimens from these men were successfully frozen, quarantined, and released for insemination. The three-stage protocol successfully eliminated most uncommitted or unqualified applicants in an efficient, cost-effective manner. Sperm cryopreservation increased the rejection of otherwise acceptable donors by 27%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Facilitators and obstacles to sperm banking in young men receiving gonadotoxic chemotherapy for cancer: the perspective of survivors and health care professionals.

BACKGROUND: Testicular cancer and Hodgkin's disease are among the most common malignancies to affect young men of reproductive age. Although both are associated with high rates of infertility, sperm banking (SB) remains underutilized by both diagnostic groups. Reasons for this remain elusive. METHODS: This study used a qualitative design. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 cancer survivors and 18 health care professionals (HCPs) to examine their perspectives on factors that facilitate or hinder SB. Interview data were analysed using a mixed approach and a three-step process of data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing and verification. RESULTS: Eight factors were identified as having an impact on SB, and findings suggest that effective promotion of SB involves adequate communication around the severity and personal risk for infertility, assessing the importance of patients place on having children, emphasizing the benefits of SB and addressing possible obstacles such as cost, misperceptions or cultural and other factors. In addition, the communicator should be perceived as appealing. CONCLUSIONS: These results are conceptually consistent with both the Health Belief Model and the Elaboration Likelihood Model of health promotion and are useful in informing HCPs on how to better promote SB.

Adult↗
PubMed1962

[Sperm banks].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗