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Results for “Sperm motility”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Impairment of sea urchin sperm quality by UV-B radiation: predicting fertilization success from sperm motility.

Sperm quality of the sea urchin, Anthocidaris crassispina, after exposure to environmentally realistic UV-B irradiances, was assessed by changes in sperm motility (measured by the computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system), and related to subsequent fertilization success. Percentage motile sperm of A. crassispina declined significantly after exposure to a UV-B dose of 16.2 kJ m(-2), while sperm motion velocity as measured by curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), and average path velocity (VAP) showed significant reduction after exposure to a UV-B dose of 5.4 kJ m(-2). A parallel study showed that fertilization success was significantly reduced after sperm were exposed to UV-B doses > or = 5.4 kJ m(-2). Notably, the four sperm motility parameters were strongly correlated with fertilization success (P < 0.001), followed the increasing order: VSL (r = 0.8) < % motile sperm (r = 0.804) < VCL (r = 0.912) < VAP (r = 0.928). Fertilization success is best predicted by VAP using the exponential model: y = 8.678 + 90.202/[1 + exp(82.83 - x)/10.27)] (r(2) = 0.95). Thus, impairment of sperm motility of sea urchin, as measured by the CASA method, can be used to predict reproductive success and ecological effects.

Animals↗

PubMed2007

F-actin involvement in guinea pig sperm motility.

Sperm motility is a must for natural fertilization to occur. During their travel through the epididymis, mammalian spermatozoa gradually acquire the ability to move. This is accomplished through a sliding movement of the outer doublet microtubules of the axoneme which is energized by the dynein ATPase. Within its complex structure, the mammalian sperm flagellum contains F-actin and thus, we decided to test in the guinea pig sperm flagellum the role of F-actin in motility. During maturation, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction, a gradual decrease of the relative concentration of F-actin was observed. Motility increased as spermatozoa became able to fertilize. Gelsolin, phalloidin, and KI inhibited sperm motility. Gelsolin canceled sperm motility within 20 min of treatment while 0.6 M KI had immediate effects. Phalloidin diminished hyperactive sperm motility slightly. All three compounds significantly increased the relative concentration of F-actin. Latrunculins are conventional drugs that destabilize the F-actin cytoskeleton. Latrunculin A (LAT A) did not affect sperm motility; but significantly increased F-actin relative concentration. The results suggested that in guinea pig spermatozoa, randomly severing F-actin filaments inhibits flagellar motility; while end filament alteration does not. Thus, specific filament regions seem to be important for sperm motility.

Acrosome↗

PubMed2005

Effect of 655-nm diode laser on dog sperm motility.

Sperm motility depends on energy consumption. Low-level laser irradiation increases adenosin triphosphate (ATP) production and energy supply to the cell. The aim of this study is to analyse whether the irradiation affects the parameters that characterise dog sperm motility. Fresh dog sperm samples were divided into four groups and irradiated with a 655-nm continuous-wave diode laser with varying doses: 0 (control), 4, 6 and 10 J/cm(2). At 0, 15 and 45 min following irradiation, pictures were taken of all the groups in order to study motility with computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA). Functional tests were also performed. Average path velocity (VAP), linear coefficient (Lin) and beat cross frequency (BCF) were statistically and significantly different when compared to the control. The functional tests also showed a significant difference. At these parameters, the 655-nm continuous-wave diode laser improves the speed and linear coefficient of the sperm.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2003

Correlation between sperm motility and sperm chromatin structure assay parameters.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between chromatin structure and sperm motility. DESIGN: Cross-sectional prospective study. SETTING: Scanian Andrology Centre, Malmö, Sweden; ENEA Casaccia, Rome, Italy; and Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. PATIENT(S): One hundred seventy-one males from Danish first pregnancy planner couples (group 1) and 278 Swedish military conscripts (group 2). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) parameters, DNA fragmentation index (DFI), high DNA stainable (HDS), and sperm motility, which was evaluated manually and by use of computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA). RESULT(S): A statistically significant negative correlation between DFI and the CASA percentage of motile sperms (group 1: r = -0.53; group 2: r = -0.38) was found. For the manual motility assessment, the correlation coefficients were slightly lower. Furthermore, HDS correlated negatively with CASA sperm motility (group 1: r = -0.39; group 2: r = -0.36) and percentage of World Health Organization category A motile sperm. In multiple linear regression analysis, concentration and SCSA parameters, but not the time of abstinence, were statistically significant predictors of sperm motility. CONCLUSION(S): There is a moderate correlation between sperm motility and SCSA parameters. The study supports the assumption that both SCSA and motility can be relatively independent predictors of male fertility.

Chromatin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on human sperm motility.

Sperm flagellar activity is modulated by cAMP. In target tissues, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) stimulates adenyl cyclase activity, which elevates intracellular cAMP levels and activates protein kinase activity. This study investigated the effects of VIP on motility of sperm from 17 subjects. Motile activities, monitored before (0 min, baseline) and for 40 min after incubation with VIP (0.2 microgram/mL cell suspension), were analyzed by computer-assisted semen analysis. The data (mean +/- SEM) are expressed as percentages of baseline values and changes were compared by trend analysis for interval level measures by repeated measures analysis of variance orthogonal polynominal contrasts. The addition of VIP significantly increased motile sperm concentration (110 +/- 17% [10 min], 132 +/- 15% [20 min], 152 +/- 18% [30 min], 125 +/- 18% [40 min]; p < .02) and sperm with rapid straight-line motility (V > 25 microns/s) (167 +/- 20%, 174 +/- 19%, 173 +/- 23%, 141 +/- 16%; p < .02). Mean track speed (micron/s) was increased (125 +/- 12%, 134 = 9%, 129 +/- 12% and 126 +/- 12%; p < .02), while mean progressive velocity, amplitude of head displacement, and beat frequency were not affected by VIP. These results indicate that VIP stimulates sperm motile activity by cAMP-mediated phosphorylation of axonemal proteins.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗

PubMed2002

Influence of canine cumulus oophorus on homologous sperm motility.

Sperm ejaculated by 8 beagle dogs and the cumuli oophori collected from 3 estrous beagle bitches were co-incubated, and penetration of the sperm into cumuli was observed to investigate the influence of cumuli on homologous sperm. The percentages of hyperactivated sperm and acrosome-reacted sperm were calculated after incubation with homogenized cumuli. The hyaluronic acid content of the incubated cumuli was measured, and hyperactivation and the acrosome reaction of the sperm were evaluated in medium containing hyaluronic acid. The mean percentage of hyperactivated sperm (33.0%) and number (3.0) of sperm that had penetrated a cumulus among sperm incubated for 7 hr were significantly higher than the values for sperm incubated for 0.5 hr (P<0.01). Almost all sperm that had penetrated the cumuli had intact acrosome, as though they were hyperactivated. The percentages of motile sperm (77.3%) and hyperactivated sperm (23.6%) after 2 hr incubation in the medium containing homogenized cumuli were significantly higher than in control medium (P<0.01), but there was no difference between cumulus and control media in the percentages of acrosome-reacted sperm. The hyaluronic acid content of a cumulus increased after 24 hr incubation. After 2 and 4 hr of incubation the percentages of hyperactivated sperm in the medium containing hyaluronic acid were significantly higher than in the control medium (P<0.01). These results suggest that canine hyperactivated sperm with intact acrosome can penetrate homologous cumuli and that the sperm are able to pass through the cumulus because the hyperactivated movement is maintained by hyaluronic acid secreted by the cumulus cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Automated analysis of human sperm motility.

Sperm motility is a determinant parameter characterizing the fertilizing ability of a semen sample. An objective method for measuring this parameter based upon an automated analysis of microcinematographic recordings is presented. The system, which consists of a Cinescan H16, a Quantimet 720 image analyzer, and a PDP 11/34 minicomputer, allows a motility analysis to be performed in about 5 min.

Computers↗

PubMed1981

Factors affecting sperm motility. VI. Sperm viability under the influence of bacterial growth in human ejaculates.

The influence of bacterial growth on human sperm motility and viability was evaluated objectively with the multiple-exposure photography method. Experimental semen specimens, obtained from normal donors bh nonaseptic means of masturbation, were incubated with antibiotics at room temperature or body temperature for 24 hours. Although bacteria, grew in control specimens, were totally eradicated in all antibiotic-treated specimens, no significant difference was found between these groups with regard to sperm motility throughout the time of incubation. Sperm survival was not inhibited, nor was it extended as a result of suppression of bacterial growth. In both groups, survival time was much shorter in specimens incubated at body temperature than in those kept at room temperature. Sperm motility was not affected after 2 hours of incubation of fresh specimens with concentrations of various pathogenic bacteria similar to those found in severe prostatitis. The question of whether the use of antibiotics in the treatment of asthenospermia per se has a prognostic value is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Prediction of post-thaw sperm motility and sperm cryosurvival rate using the pre-freeze sperm parameters.

To determine the relationships between pre-freeze semen variables and cryosurvival rate and post-thaw motility and examine whether they have any predictive value for the cryosurvival rate and post-thaw sperm motility, conventional semen analysis, supravital staining for sperm viability and hypo-osmotic swelling test were performed on 50 semen samples before cryopreservation. Thawed semen samples were examined for post-thaw sperm motility and cryosurvival rate. Significant correlations were observed between post-thaw sperm motility and several pre-freeze semen variables, such as, hypo-osmotic swelling test, pre-freeze sperm motility and sperm viability. In a stepwise regression analysis, an accurate prediction of post-thaw sperm motility (R = 0.826) was obtained using a multiple regression equation incorporating 3 variables including hypo-osmotic swelling test, pre-freeze sperm motility and sperm concentration. In conclusion, a set of criteria have been identified that accurately predicts post-thaw sperm motility and which place particular emphasis on hypo-osmotic swelling test. Conventional semen analysis and hypo-osmotic swelling test are simple and effective assays for the prediction of post-thaw motility.

Cryopreservation↗

PubMed1988

Importance of filter structure for the trans-membrane migration studies of sperm motility.

Sperm migration through polycarbonate and nylon membrane filters was studied by the trans-membrane migration ratio method. Sperm crossed the former filters but not the latter because of the greater pore length and complexity of the relatively thick nylon membrane. Adhesion of spermatozoa to the nylon structure was also observed. Using the polycarbonate filter we were able to correlate trans-membrane migration with conventional motility and measure the effects of drugs on sperm motility.

Humans↗

PubMed1999

Relationship of total motile sperm count and percentage motile sperm to successful pregnancy rates following intrauterine insemination.

PURPOSE: This study sought (i) to investigate the relationship between postwash total motile sperm count and postwash percentage motile sperm in predicting successful intrauterine insemination and (ii) to determine the minimal postwash total motile sperm count required to achieve pregnancy with intrauterine insemination. METHODS: Five hundred four women, who underwent 1636 intrauterine insemination cycles with their partner's sperm for infertility treatment from 1993 through 1995, were included in this retrospective study. All patient charts were reviewed for age, infertility etiology, ovarian stimulation regimens, semen characteristics, and treatment outcome. To determine the relationship between total motile sperm count and intrauterine insemination outcome, patients were grouped as (1) less than 0.5 million, (2) 0.5 to 1 million, (3) 1 to 5 million, (4) greater than 5 million, and (5) greater than 20 million. RESULTS: Similar live birth rates (per cycle) were seen among the postwash total motile sperm count groups: group 1, 3.5%; group 2, 2.4%; group 3, 7.0%; group 4, 6.9%; and group 5, 7.0% (P = 0.37). However, regardless of the postwash total motile sperm count, the postwash motility predicted intrauterine insemination success at a cutoff value of 40%. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of postwash sperm motility, and not the postwash total motile sperm count, can predict successful intrauterine insemination outcome. Such information can be useful in counseling patients regarding their chance of success with intrauterine insemination and in determining when alternate methods of assisted reproduction may be a better approach.

Female↗

PubMed2006

Ketotifen improves sperm motility and sperm morphology in male patients with leukocytospermia and unexplained infertility.

In an open, uncontrolled study, the effect of 12 weeks of daily administration of ketotifen, an antihistamine-like drug with a mast cell stabilizing effect, on the semen quality of 55 men with leukocytospermia and unexplained infertility was examined. After 4 weeks of treatment, white blood cell count dramatically diminished and was accompanied by a significant improvement in sperm motility. A significant increase of morphologically normal sperm cells was observed at 8 weeks of treatment, and these changes remained until at least 4 weeks after the end of treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Alloplastic spermatocele: poor sperm motility in intraoperative epididymal fluid contraindicates prosthesis implantation.

After vasectomy reversal by vasovasostomy or vasoepididymostomy motile sperm appear commonly in the semen even when only nonmotile sperm are present in the intraoperative vasal or epididymal fluid. We studied patients with bilateral congenitally absent vasa deferentia to see if relief of obstruction by implantation of an alloplastic spermatocele also benefits sperm motility in such patients. A total of 130 alloplastic spermatoceles was implanted in 91 patients. Of 21 patients with only nonmotile sperm in the epididymal fluid intraoperatively only 1 had motile sperm in the postoperative aspirates from the alloplastic spermatocele. The quality of sperm motility in the intraoperative epididymal fluid was predictive of the quality of sperm motility in the postoperative aspirates. Conception postoperatively did not occur whenever less than 20 per cent of the intraoperative epididymal sperm was motile. Thus, poor or absent sperm motility in the epididymal fluid during planned alloplastic spermatocele implantation predicts a poor postoperative result and, therefore, contraindicates implantation of the prosthesis. Pregnancy, which occurred postoperatively in 7 of 91 wives, ended in spontaneous abortion in 3 and progressed to full-term delivery in 4.

Body Fluids↗

PubMed1996

Objective measurement of sperm motility based upon sperm penetration of Accudenz.

When a suspension of rooster sperm was overlaid upon 6% (wt/vol) Accudenz, immotile sperm did not enter but motile sperm entered rapidly. The absorbance of the Accudenz layer increased as a result. These phenomena were used to measure sperm motility objectively at body temperature. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 2.6% (n = 3). When roosters (n = 36) were ejaculated repeatedly and sperm motility data analyzed by two-way ANOVA, a male effect was observed (P < or = 0.001). When roosters were ranked by mean motility scores (n = 3 evaluations per male) and representative males selected as semen donors, a difference in fertility (P < or = 0.001) was observed between males characterized by minimal and maximal sperm motility. Frequency analysis with data from a second flock of roosters (n = 100) revealed a normal distribution. Roosters categorized by average sperm motility (n = 18) or sperm motility greater than one standard deviation above the mean (n = 17) were selected for further analysis by repeated measurements. A split-plot ANOVA revealed a difference between categories (P < or = 0.0001) and variation among males within a category (P < or = 0.0001). In contrast, sperm motility was independent of time and there was no interaction between category and time. Thereafter, five roosters from each group were ejaculated weekly and interassay CV estimated with semen pooled by category (n = 3 observations per category). During this interval, sperm motility of average roosters was 55 +/- 5.9% of that of roosters within the high motility category. Interassay CV were 18.1 and 9.2% for roosters originally categorized by average and high sperm motility, respectively. The assay described has potential for: 1) selecting males based on sperm motility, and 2) standardizing the measurement of poultry sperm motility.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Objectively measured sperm motility and sperm head morphometry in boars (Sus scrofa): relation to fertility and seminal plasma growth factors.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationships between results of computer-assisted semen analysis (spermatozoal motility and sperm head morphometry) and fertility of boars. In addition, concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II in seminal plasma were determined. The nonreturn rate (NRR) and the number of live-born piglets were compatible with the requirements of artificial insemination for all boars included in this study. Semen samples of 12 boars (Pietrain; 3 ejaculates each) were evaluated for spermatozoal motility and sperm head dimensions using computer-assisted methods. Native semen samples were centrifuged, and seminal plasma was frozen at -20 degrees C until assayed for IGF-I and IGF-II by specific radioimmunoassays. Spermatozoa of boars with a higher NRR (>86%) had a significantly slower average velocity of motile spermatozoa when compared with that of boars with an NRR below 86%. High-fertility boars (NRR > 86%) had significantly smaller sperm heads than did boars with an NRR below 86%, and their sperm heads were less elongated. Substantial concentrations of IGF-I (8.4-22.2 ng/mL) and IGF-II (12.1-19.8 ng/mL) could be measured in porcine seminal plasma; however, there was no correlation between IGF levels and semen parameters or individual fertility.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Factors affecting sperm motility. VII. Sperm viability as affected by change of pH and osmolarity of semen and urine specimens.

The effects of pH and osmolarity of semen and urine specimens on motility and velocity of human spermatozoa were studied objectively with the aid of the multiple exposure photography (MEP) method. The pH of fresh ejaculates ranged from 7.2 to 8.2 and specimens were slightly hyperosmotic ranging between 300 to 380 mOsm/kg. Gradually changing the pH and osmolarity to either side of normal values led to progressive loss of sperm motility. However, sperm velocity was slightly increased by mild alkalinization and hyperosmolarity. Spermatozoa that became immobilized by acidification regained their motility shortly after pH was restored to normal values. In the majority of instances spermatozoa lost their motility when mixed with fresh urine specimens. Neutralization of urinary pH could not protect them from this effect unless urine osmolarity was also isotonically adjusted. It is suggested that patients with retrograde ejaculation should adequately increase their fluid intake before recovery of sperm from their bladder for artificial insemination.

Humans↗

PubMed2006

[Relationship between sperm motility parameters and sperm morphology].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between sperm motility parameters and sperm morphology. METHODS: Seven hundred and eighty-three semen samples were tested. Sperm motility parameters were analyzed by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) , and sperm morphology assessed by automated sperm morphology analyzer (ASMA). The cases were classified based on the World Health Organization criteria. Morphologically 241 of the samples were normal and the other 542 abnormal. RESULTS: VCL, WOB, VAP of the morphologically abnormal group were significantly higher than those of the normal group (P < 0.05, P < 0.001), while MAD, LIN, STR of the abnormal group were significantly lower (P < 0.05, P < 0.001). There were significant positive correlations between the morphologically normal sperm rates and MAD, LIN, WOB, STR, and a significant negative correlation between the morphologically normal sperm rate and ALH. CONCLUSION: Morphological abnormality of sperm is often accompanied with weak motility, which is probably attributed more to some factors that coact on both sperm motility and morphology than to the influence of sperm morphological abnormality on sperm motility.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Relationship between the sperm motility index assessed by the sperm quality analyzer and the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

PURPOSE: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been validated as a useful treatment in severe male-factor patients who could not achieve fertilization and live births by conventional in vitro fertilization treatment. To examine the impact of male factors on ICSI outcome, clinical laboratory data were retrospectively analyzed. METHODS: One hundred two cycles of ICSI treatment indicated by severe male-factor infertility were entered into this study. Sperm parameters including sperm motility, sperm concentration, and sperm motility index assessed by the Sperm Quality Analyzer were evaluated. RESULTS: Five hundred seventy-six metaphase II oocytes retrieved were manipulated. The normal fertilization (2 PN) rate per oocyte was 64.9 +/- 26.0% (mean +/- SD). Of the 99 transfers, 31 clinical pregnancies were obtained, yielding an average pregnancy rate of 31.3% per transfer. The mean sperm motility, sperm concentration, and sperm motility index were 20.3 +/- 16.1% (range, 0 to 50%), 18.2 +/- 25.1 x 10(6)/ml (range, < 1 to 150 x 10(6)/ml), and 31.2 +/- 45.0 (range, 0 to 220), respectively. Sperm concentration did not have a significant impact on fertilization rate by ICSI. In four cases, ICSI was performed using totally immotile sperm and the fertilization rate was 43.5%, which was significantly lower than that of some of the other sperm motility groups, and no pregnancy could be achieved. In 14 cases in which the sperm motility index assessed by the Sperm Quality Analyzer was 0, the fertilization rate (50.0%) was significantly lower than in most of the other sperm motility index groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that in severe male-factor cases with totally immotile sperm or a sperm motility index of 0, the selection of good-quality sperm should be verified before injection.

Female↗