PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Spinal Fractures”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Thoracolumbar burst fracture with another spinal fracture.

From January 1985 to May 1988, thirty-six patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were treated and nine of these (25%) were associated with another burst fracture or wedge compression fracture. The etiology of injury was a fall from a height in four patients, motorcycle accident in three, and elevator crushing and house crushing in each of the other two patients respectively. The neurological implications were caused by the main burst fractures, and L1 was the most involved segment of the main burst fracture (44.4%). All three patients had associated wedge compression fracture, as well as three patients who had associated burst fracture, found adjacent to the main burst fracture. The remaining three associated burst fractures were found at a distant level to the main burst fracture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Hyperextension spinal fracture.

Hyperextension thoracolumbar spinal fractures are unusual and occur primarily in patients with ankylosed spines. Early diagnosis to avoid neurologic deterioration requires a high index of suspicion, given the paucity of radiographic findings. The biomechanics of the fracture and its treatment differ from more typical spinal fractures in several important aspects.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1991

Thoracolumbar spinal fractures--concepts of treatment.

The treatment of thoracolumbar spinal fractures has evolved significantly in the last 50 years. Clear classification systems now allow physicians to predict which fracture patterns will require surgery and which may be adequately treated non-operatively. These indications, as well as a brief overview of thoracolumbar spinal fracture care, are presented.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Spinal fractures complicating ankylosing spondylitis.

The ankylosed osteoporotic spines of patients with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis are prone to fracture. The spinal trauma is of a trivial nature in many patients and the diagnosis may be overlooked, unless neurologic damage occurs. The fractures most commonly occur in the cervical region and may be multiple. Because of spinal osteoporosis and deformity, radiographic visualization of the fracture site may be difficult. Tomography may be helpful in some patients. Management may be conservative or surgical and is complicated by increased instability of the fracture site, spinal osteoporosis, and deformity. Conservative management of cervical fractures is probably best accomplished by halo traction and body cast. Progression of the neurologic deficit is an indication for surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Spinal fractures during fluoride therapy for osteoporosis: relationship to spinal bone density.

Recent studies report that fluoride therapy for osteoporosis increases spinal bone density without improving vertebral fracture rate, challenging the notion that restoration of bone mass improves bone fragility. To further evaluate this issue, the relationship between spinal bone density and vertebral fracture rate was examined in a large number of fluoride-treated, osteoporotic patients. A retrospective assessment was made of clinical data collected from our observations of 389 osteoporotics treated with fluoride 30 +/- 8 mg/day (mean +/- SD) (equivalent to 66 +/- 17 mg NaF/day) and calcium 1500 mg/day for 28 +/- 18 months. Fracture rate and bone density were assessed in the same region of the spine (i.e., T12 through L4) using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Spinal bone density increased with time on fluoride, but the relationship was hyperbolic (r = 0.99, p less than 0.0001; asymptote = 167 mg/cc on double-reciprocal plot), suggesting a plateau in the response. The spinal fracture rate decreased as a function of time on therapy (r = -0.83, p less than 0.01), and was inversely related to spinal bone density during fluoride therapy (r = 0.70, p less than 0.001 on arithmetic plot; r = -0.79, p less than 0.001 on semi-log plot). The subgroup of patients who responded to treatment with a significant increase in spinal bone density had a 48% reduction in spinal fracture rate compared with non-responders (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Non-contiguous spinal fractures.

A retrospective review of 817 spinal fracture patients revealed a 6.4% (52/817) incidence of non-contiguous spine fractures. Seventy-three per cent of the non-contiguous injuries were comprised of combinations of injuries in the cervical and thoracic regions or in the thoracic and lumbar regions. Forty-five per cent of fractures were a combination of compression fractures, 40% a combination of a compression fracture and a major spine fracture (i.e., one more likely to cause a neurologic deficit), and 15% a combination of major fractures.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1990

Hemothorax--an unusual presentation of spinal fracture in ankylosing spondylitis.

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis are susceptible to spinal fractures. In many cases there is no history of associated trauma or only minor trauma. The instability of such fractures and complicating neurologic sequelae are well documented. We describe an unusual complication of ankylosing spondylitis, hemothorax secondary to spinal fracture, that to our knowledge has not been previously reported. Further, we reemphasize that the instability of such fractures may lead to significant paravertebral soft tissue and vascular injuries.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1990

Vertebral end-plate failure in porcine and bovine models of spinal fracture instrumentation.

The use of mature porcine and immature bovine spines as models for the assessment of spinal fracture instrumentation is commonplace. By comparing the load-displacement characteristics of these spine segments and observing the fracture type, this study investigated the tendency of immature bovine spines to fail prematurely at the vertebral physis, disrupting biomechanical evaluation of spinal fracture fixation devices. Load to failure of the spines was determined using the Instron Universal Testing Machine and a specially designed endcap. In axial compression, the 10-16-week-old calf spines failed at 12,845 +/- 1,466 N, compared with mature pig spines at 17,300 +/- 5,170 N (p less than 0.05). Axial compression with flexion caused consistent failure through an end-plate in both species: 995 +/- 156 N for the calf spines and 2,025 +/- 575 N for the porcine spines (p less than 0.005). It was concluded that the tendency for immature bovine spines to fail more readily at the cartilaginous end-plate makes the calf spine a less desirable model.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

[Acute surgical treatment of spinal fracture with medullary involvement].

Two case histories are presented to illustrate the possibility of decisive improvement in the neurological sequelae after spinal fractures with spinal stenosis by means of rapid operative decompression and stabilisation. The importance of rapid transfer of patients of this type to centres where therapeutic decisions can be taken on the basis of several possible therapeutic methods, including the above-mentioned, is emphasized.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography of spinal fractures.

Computed tomography (CT) has aided significantly in the diagnosis and management of spinal fractures. The examination is easy, relatively quick, and avoids potentially harmful manipulation. The diagnostic advantages of CT include precise anatomic delineation and indication of extent of fractures, assessment of spinal stenosis, and demonstration of associated peraspinal lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Spinal fractures associated with ejection from jet aircraft: two case reports and a review.

Virtually any A&E department in the UK may see aircrew who have ejected. The case histories of two pilots who ejected and sustained spinal fractures are presented. Both had minimal back symptoms and walked from the site of landing. All ejectees should be considered to have a spinal fracture until proven otherwise radiographically. Other injuries that these patients may sustain during ejection are also discussed.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1992

[A method for in vivo measurements of implants used in the reconstruction of spinal fractures].

Little is known about the forces and moments acting on the spinal column during various movements and activities, and thus about the loading of implants used in the treatment of spinal fractures. A measuring method using an external fixation device was developed to determine the in vivo loading of spinal implants. On the basis of these data the forces acting on the spine can be calculated. The present paper describes this measuring method as applied to the fixation device, and initial experience with this device in a first application is presented.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1990

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol and insulin-like growth factor I are determinants of serum concentration of osteocalcin in elderly subjects with and without spinal fractures.

Osteocalcin is one of the major proteins in the osseous matrix. To evaluate the determinants and thus the physiological control of osteocalcin production in normal and osteoporotic subjects, the serum levels of osteocalcin, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3), and insulin-like growth factor I (IGFI) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 44 subjects over 60 years old. Circulating osteocalcin, 25-OH-D3, and IGFI were 0.28 +/- 0.10 nmol/L (1.65 +/- 0.96 ng/mL), 70.5 +/- 25.1 nmol/L (28.3 +/- 10.1 ng/mL), and 23.8 +/- 12.0 nmol/L in 27 healthy controls respectively, as compared with 0.09 +/- 0.09 nmol/L (0.52 +/- 0.52 ng/mL), 48.2 +/- 19.9 nmol/L (19.35 +/- 7.91 ng/mL), and 16.56 +/- 6.96 nmol/L in 17 patients with spinal fractures. Significant correlation was found between osteocalcin and 25-OH-D3 level, as well as between osteocalcin and IGFI. The results show that IGFI and 25-OH-D3 are important determinants for serum concentration of osteocalcin in elderly subjects with and without spinal fractures.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic imaging in assessment of combined manubriosternal and spinal fracture.

Deceleration injuries combined with hyperflexion of the torso as seen in motor vehicle accidents can result in combination of sternal and spinal fractures. This type of injury is associated with abnormalities of the soft tissue structures of the thorax. This publication reviews a case report of a deceleration injury and emphasizes the imaging modalities necessary to evaluate this constellation of abnormalities.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Indications status and surgical treatment of spinal fractures. Attempt at a survey and determination of present status].

Indications for operative treatment of spinal fractures sometimes are difficult to work out. Undoubtedly deteriorating neurological deficits require decompression always combined with stabilization. Due to new classifications a severe instability of the fracture, an axis deviation more than 25 degrees and polytraumatized patients show up being an indication for operative treatment. A proper preoperative planning with use of X-rays and CT Scan as well as the knowledge of the kind and site of instability is mandatory. In cervical spine fractures anterior fusion seems to be the best method. In thoracic spine fractures dorsally attached plates give enough stability. In the thoraco-lumbar spine region and in the lumbar spine itself the internal fixator with dorsal instrumentation together with a transpedicular bone graft is preferred by the authors. Among 384 fractures of the spine 62 have been operated. Both kinds of treatment do not compete; they are complementary instead.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1990

Thoracic spinal fractures and aortic rupture: a significant and fatal association.

We analyzed the frequency of occurrence of traumatic aortic rupture (TAR) in patients with and without thoracic spinal fractures. Among 4,676 blunt chest trauma victims admitted to the hospital between 1972 and 1988, 148 (3.2%) suffered one or more thoracic vertebral fractures. There were 73 patients with one or more fractures of the first eight thoracic vertebrae (T1 to T8); of these 73, 4 also suffered TAR (5.5%). There were 4,603 patients without fractures of T1 to T8, and 64 of these patients also suffered TAR (1.4%). This difference was significant by the chi2 and Fisher exact tests, p = 0.00378 and p = 0.021003, respectively. Additionally, all 5 patients with TAR and thoracic vertebral fractures died. We conclude that patients with one or more fractures of T1 to T8 have a statistically significant increase in the incidence of TAR.

Adolescent↗