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Results for “Staphylococcal Infections”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Effects of alpha-interferon on the level of adenosine metabolism enzymes and bactericidal activity of macrophages in staphylococcal infection].

In staphylococcal infection the changes in functional ability of macrophages occur: their oxygen-depending bactericidity and adenosine-desaminase activity are depressed 5-nucleotidase ability increases. Introduction of homologous alpha-IFN in the dose of 1 x 10(3) u/mouse leads to enhancing macrophage bactericidity of the animals infected, inhibits their 5-nucleotidase activity and enhances adenosine desaminase one. Influence of alpha-IFN on the activity of adenosine metabolism enzymes in macrophages can be considered one of the most important mechanisms of its modulating effect in bacterial infections.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1985

Results of bacteriophage treatment of suppurative bacterial infections. VI. Analysis of treatment of suppurative staphylococcal infections.

Analysis of phage therapy results was carried out on 273 cases of spontaneous and postoperative septic staphylococcal infections. The treatment appeared effective in 254 (93.0%) cases. Detailed analysis of the results obtained in particular disease categories revealed that staphylococcal bacteriophages may be efficiently applied in the treatment of suppurative staphylococcal infections resistant to antibiotics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Antibodies to staphylococcal peptidoglycan and its peptide epitopes, teichoic acid, and lipoteichoic acid in sera from blood donors and patients with staphylococcal infections.

Antibodies to the staphylococcal antigens peptidoglycan, beta-ribitol teichoic acid, and lipoteichoic acid, as well as to the peptidoglycan epitopes L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala, L-Lys-D-Ala, and pentaglycine, were found over a wide range of concentrations in sera from both blood donors and patients with verified or suspected staphylococcal infections. The patient group was heterogeneous with regard to both age and type of staphylococcal infections, being representative for sera sent to our laboratory. In single-antigen assays antibodies to pentaglycine had the highest predictive positive value (67%), although only 32% of the patients had elevated levels of such antibodies. Combinations of test antigens could yield positive predictive values as high as 100%, but then the fraction of positive sera was low. Indeed, the fraction of patient sera which was positive in multiple-antigen tests never exceeded 61%. The clinical usefulness of these seroassays for identifying Staphylococcus aureus as a causative agent was limited, owing to the considerable overlap in the range of antibody concentrations between patient and blood donor sera.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Host-parasite relationship in staphylococcal infections: the role of the staphylococcal cell wall during the process of phagocytosis.

Evidence is presented that antibodies against staphylococcal peptidoglycan are important opsonins for phagocytosis of staphylococci. Cell wall protein A inhibits opsonization by IgG through its interaction with the Fc fragment of the IgG molecule and preventing therefore the binding between the Fc fragment and the Fc receptor of the cell membrane of the leukocyte. Extracellular protein A interferes with opsonization presumably through depletion of complement.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

[The creation of specific immunity to staphylococcal infection in newborn infants by the intranasal administration of adsorbed staphylococcal anatoxin].

The possibility of enhancing specific immunity in newborn infants by the intranasal administration of adsorbed staphylococcal toxoid to infants with a high risk of staphylococcal infection in doses of 1 drop (0.05 ml) into each nostril during the first 7-9 years of their life. On days 7-9 the level of anti-alpha-toxin in the blood rose to 3.8 +/- 0.14 I. U./ml and remained sufficiently high 3-6 months later. When this method was used for the simultaneous immunization of mothers, their antitoxic titers were not as high as in newborn infants. No side effects were observed. In the control group, the titers of anti-alpha-toxin were low during the whole period of observation. Infants immunized by the proposed method had no staphylococcal infections both during the newborn period and within the first year of their life. In the control group, 8 cases of minor forms of purulent septic infection were registered during the newborn period, and in 2 infants umbilical staphylococcal sepsis was diagnosed.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1978

[Cardiomyopathy in influenza and staphylococcal infection].

The myocardium in influenza-staphylococcal infection was studied experimentally in 43 newborn white mice. Lesions and focal necrosis of muscle fibers with perifocal cellular reaction terminating in the development of cardiosclerosis were found. Outside of the zone of necrosis, diffuse involvement of the myocardium with signs of destructive changes was detected ultrastructurally. Myocytes recovered by means of intracellular regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Low incidence of toxic shock syndrome in children with staphylococcal infection.

Children have frequent staphylococcal infections, and many lack antibody to TSST-1, a toxin associated with the toxic shock syndrome (TSS). To determine why there have been no nonmenstrual cases of TSS reported in children in Utah, the authors tested S. aureus isolated from children for TSST-1 by radial immunodiffusion and sera from other hospitalized children by radioimmunoassay for antibody to TSST-1. TSST-1 was produced by 25% of S. aureus. Fifty-two children had infections with toxin producing strains. None had TSS. The prevalence of presumably protective levels of antibody (greater than or equal to 1:100) was high in newborns (80%), declined until age 2 years and then gradually increased with age. Therefore, there may have been about 20 children with toxigenic infection who lacked protective antibody but did not show the usual features of TSS. We conclude that the rarity of TSS in children is not caused by misdiagnosis, underreporting, or the absence of toxigenic strains or susceptible patients. Additional factors, such as local conditions or duration of carriage, may influence the clinical presentation of infection with TSST-1 producing staphylococci.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1985

[Role of lysosomes during the development of a fibroblast staphylococcal infection].

The study of staphylococcal infection in chick embryo fibroblasts, carried out by electron-histochemical and morphometric methods, has revealed the presence of correlation between the degree of fibroblast destruction and the permeability of lysosomal membranes. The development of bacterial infection, depending on the presence of homologous bacteriophages in the medium, has also been studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Staphylococcal infection in Malaysian hospitals.

Staphylococcal infection is common in Malaysian hospitals. A recent survey of 22 Malaysian hospitals revealed that staphylococci were isolated from almost 40% of positive blood cultures. A more detailed analysis of such cases in our own hospital showed that almost 70% of Staphylococcus aureus and about 16% of coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates were associated with clinically-significant disease. Staphylococcal bacteraemia was seen mainly in neonatal sepsis, skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, arthritis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis and postoperative sepsis. Multiply-resistant S. aureus were encountered in all the hospitals surveyed. Resistance rates to penicillin ranged from 40% to almost 100% while methicillin resistance rates of up to 25% were reported from several hospitals.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1976

Intravenous fusidic acid ('Fucidin') in the management of severe staphylococcal infections: a review of 46 cases.

Case reports are reviewed of 46 patients with severe, life-threatening infections, mainly staphylococcal, who were treated with intravenous fusidic acid. Overall, 22 (48%) patients survived and 24 died, 10 of these within 24 hours of commencing treatment with fusidic acid. Thirty-nine patients received unsuccessful antibiotic therapy prior to the administration of fusidic acid. It was not possible to relate prior antibiotic treatment to outcome, and, in such severe infections, complicating diseases had an adverse effect upon survival. It is concluded that intravenous fusidic acid ('Fucidin') has an important place in the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Staphylococcal infections.

All the forms of staphylococcal infections require cooperation among microbiologists, immunologists and clinicians. In case of any acute staphylococcus process, the curative tactics is based on an effective chemotherapy sometimes completed by a radical surgical intervention. In case of chronic forms, however, the antibiotics therapy is considered to be problematic. It is the specific immunotherapy by means of specific vaccine with polyvalent action, containing all pathogenetically significant antigens, that is considered by the authors to be a reliable base of the therapy of chronic staphylococcus infections. The specific polyvalent phage lysate is used for local application. It has to be pointed out that this therapy requires a complex curative regimen, i.e. regulation of the deficiency of serum immunoglobulines, administration of antibiotics, amelioration of the tissue trophism of the area concerned, suitable therapy by means of vitamines and diet. If necessary, surgical technique and tactics are an important part of the entire complex curative method.

Chronic Disease↗