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Results for “Subcutaneous Emphysema”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pneumatic chest wall compression. A cause of respiratory failure from massive subcutaneous emphysema.

Subcutaneous emphysema rarely causes significant adverse clinical consequences. Two patients had development of massive subcutaneous emphysema during positive-pressure ventilation that resulted in chest wall compression and respiratory failure. Drainage of the subcutaneous air produced dramatic improvement. Subcutaneous emphysema is potentially fatal in ventilated patients. Specific decompression of subcutaneous tissues is indicated in such extreme cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Subcutaneous emphysema.

Subcutaneous emphysema is most often associated with thoracic pathology. The case is presented of a middle-aged woman with shock, abdominal distention and rigidity, and subcutaneous emphysema which resulted from a spontaneous gastric rupture. Subcutaneous emphysema has a variety of origins, including infections and rents in the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and the skin.

Emphysema↗
PubMed1992

Subcutaneous emphysema from an axillary wound that resulted in pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothorax in a horse.

A 5-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was examined because of a small axillary wound sustained 5 days earlier and had resulted in extensive subcutaneous emphysema. Three days after admission, the horse's respiratory rate had increased to 72 breaths/min, and the horse appeared anxious and distressed. Thoracic radiography revealed pneumomediastinum and severe bilateral pneumothorax. Tube thoracostomy was performed on both hemithoraxes. The drains were connected to one-way suction valves and suction devices to decompress the thorax. A nasopharyngeal catheter was inserted, and oxygen insufflation was started. Cross ties were placed on the horse to limit movement, and the wound was packed. The horse improved within 30 minutes after initiating treatment. The horse was released 15 days after the development of pneumothorax, at which time the pneumothorax had resolved, the wound was no longer open, and the subcutaneous emphysema had greatly decreased. Although subcutaneous emphysema is usually regarded as a temporary cosmetic disfigurement, it can lead to serious complications such as pneumothorax. This case demonstrates that subcutaneous emphysema can lead to a life-threatening pneumothorax if the pressure is great enough to migrate through the mediastinum and into the pleural cavity. Horses with subcutaneous emphysema should be kept in confinement and monitored for the development of pneumothorax.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Emphysematous cystitis presenting with subcutaneous emphysema.

A case is reported of subcutaneous emphysema of the neck in association with emphysematous cystitis and uncontrolled diabetes. Problems in its management are discussed. Anatomic pathway for the spread of the gas from the bladder to the subcutaneous tissues of the neck and the back is speculated.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in connection with a normal labor].

A case of mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema associated with a normal labour is presented and the literature is reviewed. Mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema is a rare but potentially benign complication of normal labour, frequently observed in healthy young primiparae. Treatment should be directed towards exclusion of serious underlying disease. In mild cases, observation may be sufficient. Antibiotics are not considered necessary as a routine. If the complication is detected during labour, the delivery should be terminated with as little distress as possible for the mother employing forceps/vacuum extraction with a large episiotomy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subcutaneous emphysema of the lower extremity of gastrointestinal origin.

Two cases of subcutaneous emphysema of the left lower extremity secondary to perforations of the rectum ,nd sigmoid colon are presented. Although this is an extremely rare syndrome, the true incidence is probably higher, as some cases will be misdiagnosed as gas gangrene unless careful clinical and postmortem examinations are performed. Only rapid recognition of the probable origin of the gas, coupled with aggressive, definitive therapy, can prevent the usually fatal course of this condition. In the absence of trauma to the chest or infection in a previously normal leg, subcutaneous emphysema of a limb should alert the physician to the possibility of a gastrointestinal perforation as a source of the gas. Perforations of the gastrointestinal tract into the subcutaneous tissue can occur anywhere from the neck to the lower extremities.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Measles and subcutaneous emphysema. Presentation of 3 cases].

This is a three case study report of children with measles which later progressed to bronchopneumonia and subcutaneous emphysema. All three children were from farming families, and none had been previously vaccinate against measles. For a period of six months, 183 cases of measles were treated at our hospital of which only three worsened to subcutaneous emphysema, demonstrating an incidence rate of 1.6%; they also showed to have bronchopneumonia, with severe coughing episodes; which made us recall the possible physiopathology principle of the pressure gradient theory behind this complication proposed by Bloch in 1968. The factors related to our patients suggested a more severe and aggresive type of measles with a greater probability of having complications. The prognostic value of the severity of this type of measles in the presence of subcutaneous emphysema is limited and its management should be primarly focused on treating the added bronchial problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Subcutaneous emphysema as a complication of colonoscopy].

A 71-year-old man underwent colonoscopy and multiple poly-pectomy. A few hours after the procedure he developed massive subcutaneous emphysema of the abdomen, chest, mediastinum, scrotum and both legs. Treatment was by conservative measures only. The emphysema gradually disappeared and he was discharged within a few days without sequelae. Subcutaneous emphysema is a rare complication of colonoscopy which has also been described after other endoscopic and radiological investigations of the gastrointestinal tract. It is due to a tiny laceration of the mucosal wall of the colon incurred during aggressive instrumentation, through which pass large quantities of air. The laceration is located underneath the peritoneal sac and the air flows into the retroperitoneum (closed or extraperitoneal perforation). The appearance of subcutaneous emphysema a few hours later, usually after leaving the hospital, is characteristic. In contrast to intraperitoneal perforation (open perforation), surgical intervention is not indicated and treatment is usually conservative. It includes complete cessation of oral alimentation, insertion of a nasogastric tube, IV drip, and correction of hydro-electrolytic or acid-base imbalances. The overall prognosis following such measures is excellent.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and potentially life-threatening tension pneumothorax. Pulmonary complications from arthroscopic shoulder decompression.

Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and tension pneumothorax are previously unreported complications of shoulder arthroscopy with subacromial decompression. Three patients developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and bilateral tension pneumothorax during or immediately after shoulder arthroscopy with subacromial decompression. The procedure was terminated and appropriate treatment was given. All three patients recovered completely with no residual damage. The complications are thought to be associated with the extravasation of air that may be drawn in from the lateral portal when the arthroscopic infusion pump and power shaver with suction are turned on. Early diagnosis, followed by immediate termination of the infusion pump and suction shaver along with appropriate treatment can be life-saving.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Subcutaneous emphysema during periodontal surgery: report of a case.

Subcutaneous emphysema (S.E.) of the facial region is an uncommon complication of dental procedures. A case is presented which details the development of S.E. following use of an air-water syringe during periodontal surgery. Differential diagnosis of the condition depends upon accurate historical data and the finding of crepitus on palpation of the involved tissues. Treatment is supportive in nature, although prophylactic antibiotic coverage is suggested. The etiology of S.E. is discussed and judicious use of compressed air or gas-producing medicaments during dental treatment is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Massive spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema. Acute management with infraclavicular "blow holes".

Four patients who recently developed massive spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema in our intensive care unit are reported. No obviously remediable intrathoracic process was found in any of these patients. The acute physiologic impairment and grotesque cosmetic deformity were immediately alleviated by making bilateral 3-cm infraclavicular incisions down to the pectoralis fascia. These acutely decompressed the progressive subcutaneous dissection and each patient's subcutaneous emphysema resolved without any additional invasive therapy.

Acute Disease↗