PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Subtalar Joint”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Synovectomy-arthroplasty as an alternative to triple arthrodesis in the management of subtalar joint pain.

Subtalar joint synovectomy-arthroplasty represents an intermediate intervention between more traditional conservative and surgical techniques. Localization of pathology to the structures of the subtalar joint is essential. The likelihood of operative success is predicted by a prolonged remission of symptoms following the injection of steroid and local anesthesia within the subtalar joint. The procedure reduces pain and swelling while increasing ambulatory capacity. No appreciable increase in subtalar joint motion occurs.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1989

Instability of the subtalar joint.

Instability of the subtalar joint can follow inversion stress injuries to the lateral ankle and hindfoot. Ligaments involved in the injury include the calcaneofibular, lateral talocalcaneal, cervical, interosseous talocalcaneal, or a combination. Although the problem most often occurs in conjunction with lateral ankle instability, it may be an isolated problem and it is not corrected equally well by the various lateral ankle ligament reconstructions. Techniques available for diagnosis include routine stress radiographs of the ankle, which also include the subtalar joint, specific subtalar stress radiographs, stress tomograms, fluoroscopy, or subtalar arthrograms. Once diagnosed, subtalar instability symptoms can be treated by either nonoperative or operative means.

Fluoroscopy↗
PubMed1989

Rigid subtalar joint--a radiographic spectrum.

A painful or rigid subtalar joint is a common clinical problem. Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be useful in evaluating tarsal coalition, but several other pathologic processes with a similar clinical presentation may affect the subtalar joint. Findings from 45 radiographically abnormal subtalar joints are presented, including examples of three different patterns of subtalar tarsal coalition, arthritis, infection, trauma and postsurgical changes. Knowledge of different causes of subtalar pathology may permit ready explanation of symptomatology related to the subtalar joint.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Rotational equilibrium across the subtalar joint axis.

A review of the rotational forces, or moments, acting across the subtalar joint axis during relaxed bipedal stance is presented. The concept of rotational equilibrium about the subtalar joint axis is used to explain some of the biomechanical differences between feet that stand in the neutral and maximally pronated subtalar joint positions. In addition, the mechanical basis of treatment of sinus tarsi syndrome with foot orthoses using the concepts of subtalar joint axis moments rotational equilibrium of the subtalar joint is presented.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

Instability of the subtalar joint. Diagnosis by stress tomography in three cases.

Lateral instability in the subtalar joint was documented by a method of stress tomography in three patients. The subtalar inversion angle averaged 38 degrees +/- S.D. 6 degrees in asymptomatic feet and 57 degrees +/- S.D. 5 degrees in those with unstable subtalar joints . Review of the literature suggests that as many as 10 per cent of patients having the Watson-Jones procedure for abnormal talar tilt also have instability in the subtalar joint. It is felt that the subtalar joint should be evaluated in patients seen with the clinical symptom of lateral instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Clinical determination of the linear equation for the subtalar joint axis.

The authors present a methodology to measure the frontal plane angular and linear displacement and the transverse plane angular displacement of subtalar joint movement. This method is combined with a modification of the Kirby method for determining the transverse plane projection of the subtalar joint axis onto the plantar foot. A mathematical model is then used to construct the subtalar joint axis into a three-dimensional linear equation. Data are obtained from an in vivo series of 62 feet that indicates that within acceptable clinical errors of measurement the subtalar joint is a ginglymus type of joint that moves around a single fixed axis. Results also indicate that the subtalar joint axis is more superior and lateral to the neutral foot than any previous studies on cadaver feet have shown. Finally, the authors show that once the subtalar joint axis can be accurately located, the torque on the joint axis produced by ground reactive forces and muscular forces can be computed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The lateral ligamentous support of the subtalar joint.

A review of the ligamentous structures spanning the subtalar joint laterally, as well as within the sinus and canalis tarsi, is presented based on previous descriptions and a series of anatomic dissections. Defined supporting structures are categorized into superficial, intermediate, and deep layers. Of these, the inferior extensor retinaculum is seen to be a discrete, substantial structure readily accessible for ligament reconstructions involving both the ankle and subtalar joints.

Calcaneus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subtalar joint arthroereisis with SILASTIC silicone sphere: a retrospective study.

Many authors have discussed the various surgical techniques of subtalar joint arthroereisis in the treatment of flexible flatfoot. Some authors advocate the use of bone grafts in the sinus tarsi to limit excessive subtalar joint pronation, while others advocate the use of endoprosthetic devices. These authors will present a retrospective study of subtalar joint arthroereisis utilizing a SILASTIC silicone sphere technique devised by the senior authors.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1975

The radiology of the subtalar joint with special reference to talo-calcaneal coalition.

Congenital talo-calcaneal coalition is one of the conditions responsible for spastic flat foot. The common site is across the middle talo-calcaneal joint, and although routine radiographic views of the foot do not show the coalition, important secondary signs may be present. The findings in 17 cases are reviewed, the following secondary signs being recognised: 1. A talar beak. 2. Narrowing of the posterior talo-calcaneal joint space. 3. Rounding of the lateral process of the talus. 4. Failure of visualisation of the middle subtalar joint in the lateral view, and 5. Asymmetry of the anterior subtalar joints in the lateral oblique vies. The differential diagnosis of these signs is discussed and the normal anatomy of the subtalar joints is illustrated. Some diagnostic pitfalls are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Posterior subtalar joint arthrography. A useful tool in the diagnosis of hindfoot disorders.

Obscure hindfoot disorders are often classified under the heading of sinus tarsi syndrome (STS). The diagnosis of STS is based upon subjective symptoms: tenderness over the lateral aperture of the sinus tarsi and hindfoot instability. Arthrography of the posterior subtalar joint is an objective parameter, identifying peri- or intraarticular pathology as the cause of symptoms. In 27 patients with STS, the pathologic arthrographic findings include less-marked microrecesses in the sinus tarsi region, ganglions at the anterior aspect of the subtalar joint, retraction of the joint recesses, a smooth and rounded appearance of the capsule, and a frozen subtalar joint. Through analysis of these films, the appropriate therapeutic approach can be outlined; infiltrations into the sinus tarsi itself, intraarticular corticosteroid injections, or subtalar arthrodesis for resistant cases are the procedures of choice. In the authors' experience, surgical curettage of the sinus tarsi has no place in the treatment of STS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The dynamics of the subtalar joint in sudden inversion of the foot.

The human subtalar joint was modelled as a quasi-linear second-order underdamped system to simulate sudden inversion motion of the foot relative to the shank. The model was fed with experimental data obtained from six subjects on a specially constructed apparatus. A total of 35 deg inversion was produced on the tested leg rapidly enough (lasting less than 40 ms) in order to ensure that the protective muscles are not activated. The parameters of the joint were evaluated and the following ranges were obtained at 35 deg inversion: elastic stiffness 14-52 Nm rad-1, damping coefficient 1.4-2.9 Nms rad-1, and natural frequency 78-125 Hz. The effects on the test parameters of weight bearing amount, foot dominance, and protective footwear were studied on one subject.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Contact characteristics of the subtalar joint: the effect of talar neck misalignment.

In this study we determined the effects of misalignment of the talar neck on the contact characteristics of the subtalar joint. Each of seven fresh cadaver lower extremities was mounted in a loading jig and a vertical load was applied, 90% of which was directed through the tibia and 10% through the fibula. The foot was allowed to displace freely in the horizontal plane so that relative rotations, known to occur in the subtalar joint, would not be prevented. Pressure-sensitive film, inserted into the posterior and anterior/middle articulations, was used to quantify changes in contact characteristics. After testing in the normal condition, the talar neck was osteotomized and stabilized with internal and external skeletal fixation. Contact characteristics were then determined in each of the following stages: anatomic realignment, or with 2-mm displacement of the talar neck either dorsally, medially, laterally, or complex (dorsal and varus) with respect to the body of the talus. Measurements showed no significant changes in overall contact area or high pressure area in the posterior facet, although four of the seven specimens demonstrated increased localization of the contact area into two discrete regions. The combined anterior/middle facet, on the other hand, was significantly unloaded by all but medial displacement of the talar neck. An extraarticular load path and/or increased loading directly on the talonavicular joint was presumed to account for the loss of load transfer in the talocalcaneal joint.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1979

Effects of ligamentous injury on ankle and subtalar joints: a kinematic study.

Using 10 normal fresh cadaveric legs, kinematic effects of ligamentous injuries around the ankle joint were studied while the ankle joint moved from maximum plantar flexion to maximum dorsiflexion in saggittal plane. A series of anteroposterior and lateral sequential roentgenograms was taken both in the normal and subsequently created injured condition, to evaluate instant center of rotation and horizontal rotation pattern in the hindfoot complex. Although the pattern of instant center of rotation of the ankle joint varied among normal condition, the majority fell in a prescribed area. The deviation of instant centers from those in uninjured condition was most evident in lateral ligament injury. The average horizontal rotation between the tibia and calcaneus was 8 degrees in the uninjured condition; 6 degrees in the subtalar joint and 2 degrees in the ankle joint. In both medial and lateral injuries, more rotation in the subtalar joint was noted in plantar flexion phase. In the ankle joint, the degree of excessive rotation in plantar flexion range was greater in lateral injury than medial injury, but that in dorsiflexion range was greater in medial injury. It appeared that while every component of collateral ligaments around the ankle was important in controlling rotation in plantar flexion range, the posterior portion of the deltoid ligament is most important in the forsiflexion range.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance imaging of pigmented villonodular synovitis in subtalar joint. Report of a case.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is rare in the foot; however, it developed in the subtalar joint extending around the ankle of a 24-year-old man. The diagnosis was made by a combination of clinical findings, most notably the aspiration of the synovial fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging was most useful in showing the extent of the soft-tissue mass before surgery. Low-signal intensity of the mass, featured on both T1- and T2-weighted images, was suggestive of PVNS.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Radiographic observations of subtalar joint effusion in two children.

Recognition of the combination of retromalleolar swelling and talocalcaneal distraction seen on well positioned lateral radiographs of the ankle suggests the presence of subtalar joint distention, either in association with ankle joint abnormality or as an isolated finding.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1991

Arthrodesis of the ankle and subtalar joints.

The late reconstruction of a complex nonunion of the distal tibial metaphysis, the ankle, or the subtalar joint was undertaken in five patients through a posterior surgical approach and the application of a blade plate into the os calcis. This technique was preferred as a salvage operation when the surrounding soft tissue envelope was compromised by the initial injury, previous surgical procedures, or infection. Each of the cases was notable for a segmental bone loss, an infected nonunion, or a collapse of the talar body. In the presence of a major soft tissue defect, the internal fixation was accompanied by the application of a microvascular free flap. The postoperative assessment of the posterior arthrodesis with the blade plate fixation was at an average of 33 months. Using a modification of the Boston Children's Hospital ankle scoring system, a preoperative and postoperative assessment was made. The criteria included an objective rating system based on the intensity of pain, the cessation of drainage, the degree of independent ambulation, and the roentgenographic documentation of union. The average preoperative score was 13 (range, 8-16). After arthrodesis, the average score was 44 (range, 40-48), with three patients rated excellent and two rated good.

Adult↗