PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Suicidal Ideation”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Suicide ideation: its relation to depression, suicide and suicide attempt.

A random sample of 3,935 adults from a general population were interviewed and asked to report how often they had thoughts of suicide as well as their opinion on the frequency of suicide ideation in others. Depression was found to be related to the respondent's reports of his/her own suicidal thoughts and to reports of frequent suicide ideation in others. A total of 5.4 percent of the respondents reported some degree of suicide ideation in the previous month and 9.1 percent reported that others think about suicide once a month or more. When the demographic characteristics of those who report suicide ideation in themselves or others were compared to those of suicide attempters and committers, some consistencies were found, suggesting that such questions may be useful in identifying those "at risk." Nevertheless, sufficient discrepancies were found which suggest that there may be a number of factors which increase or decrease the likelihood that someone with thoughts of suicide will attempt or commit suicide. Follow-up studies are necessary to uncover such factors and the degrees to which they influence the occurrence of suicide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Social disconnection integrates genetic and proteomic risks in suicidal ideation and depression.

Suicidal ideation (SI) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are complex psychiatric conditions arising from the interplay of genetic liability, molecular processes, and psychosocial factors. While these dimensions have been extensively studied in isolation, their joint contribution to SI and MDD remains unclear. This study integrates multi-modal data to elucidate these synergistic effects and develop robust models for individual-level risk stratification. Leveraging longitudinal multi-modal data from 13,085 UK Biobank participants, we integrated genomic, proteomic, and social connection profiles. We developed interpretable risk scores using a rigorous supervised machine learning framework encompassing diverse linear and ensemble classifiers. Permutation importance was employed to quantify feature contributions and derive transparent, weighted risk metrics across diverse classifiers. These scores were validated through association, interaction, and mediation analyses. Social connection-based risk scores significantly differentiated cases and controls across the two suicidal ideation phenotypes at 2017 and 2023 with cross-sectional analyses (AUCs: 0.70 - 0.73), outperforming proteomic-only models. Functional dimensions of social connection emerged as the most informative predictors. Longitudinal analyses revealed that social risk scores at baseline predicted suicidal ideation onset six years later, independent of demographic covariates. Interaction analyses demonstrated that polygenic risk for suicide attempt significantly interacted with both social and proteomic risk features in relation to depression. Structural equation models further confirmed that social disconnection acts as a key mediator linking genetic predisposition to MDD and SI. Social disconnection is a critical risk factor mediating the impact of genetic vulnerability on psychiatric outcomes. Integrating social, genetic, and molecular data supports a multilevel framework for risk stratification and highlights the potential of socially oriented interventions to mitigate biological risk.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Suicidal wishes and depression in suicidal ideators: a comparison with attempted suicides.

A depression inventory was administered to a sample of psychiatric patients who had some suicidal ideation. A factor analysis of their responses to the inventory resulted in a factorial structure similar to that obtained for attempted suicides. The suicidal ideators were found to have higher depression scores on the inventory than the attempted suicides. It was suggested that this study supported the notion that individuals who show differing kinds of suicidal behavior nonetheless may show similar psychological phenomena.

Cognition↗
PubMed2026

Effects of Digital Mental Health Screening Alone and With the Online MINDBODYSTRONG CBT-Based Program on Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, Healthy Behaviors, and Suicidal Ideation in at-Risk Nurses at 3- and 6-Months Post-Intervention: An RCT.

BACKGROUND: Burnout and mental distress among nurses are global public health epidemics that adversely affect nurse well-being and healthcare quality. Evidence-based, scalable mental health interventions are urgently needed. AIMS: To evaluate the 3- and 6-month outcomes of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing a psychologically safe, digital mental health screening and referral program alone versus the same screening and referral program combined with the video-based online MINDBODYSTRONG (MBS) cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based skills-building program among nurses at risk for mental distress. METHODS: 501 nurses were recruited from professional organizations and healthcare systems across the United States by email and randomized to either mental health screening and referral (standard care) or standard care plus the MBS cognitive behavioral skills-building intervention (the intervention). All study activities were conducted remotely. Follow-up surveys administered at 3- and 6-months assessed anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, burnout, healthy lifestyle beliefs, and healthy lifestyle behaviors using valid and reliable scales. RESULTS: Compared with the screening and referral only group, participants in the intervention group had greater reductions in anxiety and depression and significantly greater increases in healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors at 3 and 6 months post-intervention. After controlling baseline risk, the intervention group had a lower risk of suicidal ideation than the screening and referral group at 3 months (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 0.717; 95% CI: 0.320-1.606) and 6 months (RRR = 0.329; 95% CI: 0.101-1.072). The intervention group also had a significantly lower risk of burnout at 6 months (RRR: 0.698, 95% CI: 0.528, 0.929, p = 0.012). Nurses who completed more MBS sessions had less suicidal ideation at 6 months and those who completed more MBS skills-building activities had less burnout at 3 and 6 months. LINKING ACTION TO EVIDENCE: Integrating psychologically safe mental health screening combined with the scalable online CBT-based intervention, MBS, can produce sustained improvements in burnout, mental health symptoms, including suicidality, and healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors among nurses experiencing mental distress.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Cognitive aspects of suicidal behavior.

Recent efforts to quantify various aspects of suicide ideation are described. The Suicide Intent Scale, Hopelessness Scale, and the Scale for Suicide Ideation all assess components of the individual's suicidal ruminations. Hopelessness seems to account for the bulk of the relationship between depression and suicidal intent. The Scale for Suicide Ideation seems to show promise as a predictive instrument, as a dependent variable in research on treatment efficacy, and as a tool for clinical assessment of suicide potential. Implications for further research and clinical practice are discussed.

Cognition↗
PubMed2026

Effects of H-coil TMS on suicidality in major depression: A secondary analysis of data from a multisite randomized trial comparing accelerated to once-a-day stimulation.

Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in US adults. Standard once-daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can reduce suicidal ideation. Yet, antidepressant and anti-suicidal effects often take several weeks to emerge, while rapid improvement is often required. Accelerated TMS has been proposed as a strategy to hasten therapeutic response. A recent FDA-regulated multicenter trial evaluated accelerated intermittent theta burst Deep TMS with the H1-coil versus standard high-frequency Deep TMS in MDD. Both groups demonstrated high remission and response rates for depression, with the accelerated protocol showing non-inferiority and a shorter time to remission. The goal of this exploratory secondary analysis was to evaluate the impact of these two H-coil TMS dosing paradigms on suicidal ideation. The Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI), as well as suicidality items of HDRS, MADRS and CUDOS were collected and analyzed. On all scales, both accelerated and standard Deep TMS protocols were associated with meaningful reductions in suicidality. The accelerated protocol achieved a faster onset of improvement. Comparison between the timeline of improvement in suicidality and in overall depressive symptoms found a trend for faster improvement in suicidality, especially with the accelerated protocol. These findings highlight the importance of treatment frequency in determining time to clinical benefit and support the use of scalable accelerated protocols for patients requiring more rapid symptom relief.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Alcohol use disorder and childhood adversity in the association between polygenic risk and suicidality.

OBJECTIVE: Suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempt (SA) are both influenced by genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may mediate or moderate the effects of genetic liability for suicidality. METHODS: Using data from 10,275 participants (43.8% female; 47.2% African-like genetic ancestry [AFR], 52.8% European-like genetic ancestry [EUR]), we tested whether polygenic scores (PGS) for SI and SA predicted lifetime suicidality outcomes. We evaluated whether AUD partially accounted for these associations and ACEs moderated the direct and indirect associations. RESULTS: The SA PGS was significantly associated with SA (AFR: b&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.36, SE&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.01; EUR: b&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.17, SE&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.01; both ps&#xa0;<&#xa0;2e-16), but the SI PGS was not associated with SI (p&#xa0;>&#xa0;0.55). AUD statistically mediated the association between the SA PGS and SA, accounting for approximately 2% of the total association in AFR individuals and 10% in EUR individuals (both ps&#xa0;<&#xa0;2e-16). Notably, the proportion of the association that was accounted for by AUD decreased as ACEs exposure increased, from 4.30% to 0.54% in AFR individuals and from 13.31% to 3.44% in EUR individuals. In contrast, there was only very modest mediation and no moderated mediation for SI. CONCLUSIONS: Particularly among individuals with lower ACEs exposure, AUD accounted for a meaningful proportion of the association between genetic liability to SA and lifetime SA. These findings highlight different correlates across suicidality phenotypes and suggest potential clinical relevance for AUD in the association between genetic liability and SA.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Intravenous Ketamine reduces psychological pain in suicidal inpatients: A secondary analysis of a six-week randomized placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Psychological pain has been conceptualized as an unbearable inner experience and a possible precondition for suicidal ideation. No randomized placebo-controlled study has specifically investigated psychological pain as a treatment target in psychiatric populations. We examined ketamine's effect on psychological pain in suicidal psychiatric inpatients. METHODS: This secondary analysis used KETIS, a 6-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants received two 40-minute intravenous infusions of ketamine (0.5&#xa0;mg/kg) or placebo (0.9% saline) 24&#xa0;h apart, alongside usual care and medication. Psychological and physical pain were assessed at baseline, repeatedly during 96&#xa0;h, and at weeks 2, 4, and 6 using the self-rated PPP-VAS. Longitudinal mixed models compared pain trajectories. RESULTS: The trial randomized suicidal inpatients to ketamine (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;73) or placebo (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;83). Psychological pain decreased in both groups but was lower with ketamine during the first 96&#xa0;h. Pointwise scores were lower with ketamine from 40&#xa0;min to 96&#xa0;h, largest at 40&#xa0;min, 2&#xa0;h, 4&#xa0;h, and 24&#xa0;h (all p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), but not at weeks 2, 4, or 6. This early difference remained significant after adjustment for depressive symptoms and hopelessness. The early reduction appeared more pronounced in the bipolar subgroup. No robust baseline predictors of outcome were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous ketamine was associated with a greater reduction in psychological pain than placebo in suicidal inpatients, with the clearest effects emerging within the first hours after treatment and remaining evident through the first 96&#xa0;h. Ketamine may represent a clinically relevant option as a psychological pain reliever in psychiatric patients.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Suicidality phenotypes reflect both shared and distinct genetic factors.

Suicidality phenotypes, including suicidal ideation (SI), non-fatal suicide attempt (SA), and suicide death (SD), are heritable and exhibit both shared and phenotype-specific genetic influences. Using genomic structural equation modelling, we estimated the shared genetic architecture across GWAS of SI (176,147 cases, 1,010,300 controls), SA (53,919 cases, 1,063,988 controls), and SD (7,584 cases, 652,070 controls) and conducted a multivariate GWAS of a latent suicidality factor capturing their shared liability. This analysis identified 36 genome-wide significant loci, including seven not previously reported in any suicidality GWAS. Follow-up analyses identified residual genetic variance specific to each phenotype, including three SD-specific genomic risk loci. Conditioning suicidality phenotypes on genetic liability to psychiatric disorders revealed significant residual genetic variance across SI, SA, SD, and the suicidality common factor. Together, these results suggest that suicidality reflects both shared genetic liability and phenotype-specific contributions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2025

The impact of the live broadcast of Stromae's song L'enfer on social media publications, calls to the national helpline, and suicide attempt rates in France.

On January 9, 2022, Belgian pop singer Stromae performed his new hit "L'enfer" live on French TV. The song addresses his personal struggles with suicidal ideation. To evaluate the impact of Stromae's performance, we modeled the evolution of hospital admission rates for suicide attempts (SAs) in France, calls to the national suicide prevention helpline (3114), and Twitter publications mentioning the singer or the helpline. We employed the Gombay test to identify change points within each time series. We identified a significant increase in mean SA rates among women aged 20-24&#xa0;years 6&#xa0;days after the singer's performance. No similar effect was observed in the general population or other young age groups. The show was immediately followed by a peak in tweets referring to the singer, while Twitter activity related to the 3114 remained modest. We did not observe any increase in calls to the helpline. Celebrity testimonies about suicidal experiences can help alleviate stigma but should be accompanied by prevention messages to reduce the risk of contagion.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Management of the suicidal adolescent on a nonpsychiatric adolescent unit.

Suicide attempts by adolescents far outnumber suicide fatalities, yet there is lack of agreement regarding the optimal approach to their immediate care. Since 1968, we have admitted all such patients to a general adolescent in-patient unit. A review of the first 100 admissions of adolescents who had attempted suicide was undertaken to determine the safety, economy, and efficacy of this practice. During an average six-day hospitalization, 12 patients required constant nursing observation for more than one day, and six received tranquilizers. No major disruption on the unit, suicide attempts, or self-abusive acts occurred. Twelve patients required subsequent transfer to in-patient psychiatric facilities because of on-going suicidal ideation or psychosis or both. Hospitalization on a general unit for adolescent survivors of suicide attempts is safe, usually adds minimal cost to ordinary hospital care, permits meticulous medical attention for poisoning, and provides a stabilizing influence following a major life crisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cancer and suicide.

Issues of suicidal ideation, life-threatening behavior, and vulnerability in cancer patients are addressed. A review of pertinent literature is presented, including the areas of: suicide as a taboo topic; incidence of suicide in cancer patients; identifying patients' suicide potential; and suicide as coping behavior. Case examples are offered that illustrate psychiatric intervention with and psychodynamics of cancer patients demonstrating suicidal tendencies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1978

Metropolitan jail psychiatric clinic: a year's experience.

The behavioral, demographic and psychiatric characteristics of 524 inmates examined over a one year period in a metropolitan jail psychiatric treatment clinic are described. The psychiatric problems were sufficiently acute that over one-third of all patients were examined and treated within 24 hours of booking. Two psychiatric syndrome and intervention profiles emerged. The most commonly seen were misdemeanants, with psychotic illnesses who required long term antipsychotic medications and close contact with community treatment resources. Situational reactions with suicidal ideation in patients with character disorder diagnoses were seen less frequently. They were treated with short term anti-anxiety medications and environmental manipulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Influence of experience on major clinical decisions. Training implications.

We studied 779 walk-in psychiatric patients presenting to 32 first- or second-year residents and 772 patients presenting to 25 third-year residents or attending physicians as to the decision to admit to the hospital or to administer medication to those not admitted. There were no significant demographic or clinical differences between patients presenting to the two groups. The more experienced staff admitted half as many patients and treated serious depression with tricyclics twice as frequently. Inexperienced psychiatrists used hospitalization more frequently when these patients suffered from suicidal ideation, hallucinations, delusions, and inability to cope. When the training procedure was modified and second-year residents were introduced into a more structured setting, their decision-making quickly approached that of third-year residents and attending physicians. We suggest that specific training can modify decision-making, where general clinical experience may not. Implications for resident and medical student training are discussed.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1979

Differential symptom reduction by drugs and psychotherapy in acute depression.

A randomized, controlled trial compared the combination of amitriptyline hydrochloride and short-term interpersonal psychotherapy, either treatment alone, and a nonscheduled treatment control group in ambulatory acute, nonbipolar, nonpsychotic depressives. Results show the efficacy of both psychotherapy and amitriptyline in overall symptom reduction. Amitriptyline and psychotherapy were about equal, and the effects of both treatments in combination were additive. The additive effect of combined treatment was largely due to the differential effects of the two treatments. Amitriptyline had its effect mainly on the vegetative symptoms of depression such as sleep and appetite disturbance, these occurred early in treatment, often within the first week. Psychotherapy had its effect mainly on mood, suicidal ideation, work, and interests; these effects occurred slightly later, at four to eight weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The aging gender dysphoria (transsexual) patient.

Ten aging gender dysphoria patients (eight men and two women, average age 52 years) were the subjects of this study. All had presented to the Gender Identity Clinic at Case Western Reserve University requesting sex-reassignment surgery. A psychiatric-psychological profile of the patients, their sexual functioning, problems with aging, diagnostic issues, and follow-up are discussed. The aging gender dysphoric patient presents in acute crisis, that is, exhibiting marked depression, increased suicidal ideation and behavior, and urgent perception of time. Diagnostic and treatment recommendations for aging gender dysphoria patients and their depressions are provided. Furthermore, guidelines are suggested for differentiating the aging transvestite with transsexual symptoms and the aging transsexual for whom sex-reassignment surgery may be indicated. Specific treatment strategies for an aging population, including sexual surgery, are also discussed.

Aging↗