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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Inhalation anaesthetics--exposure and control during veterinary surgery.

Results are reported for air sampling surveys carried out by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in 14 veterinary surgeries. For all personnel the geometric mean (GM) time-weighted average (TWA) exposures to halothane and nitrous oxide over the working period were 2.6 ppm (range: less than 0.5 119 ppm) and 100 ppm (range: 14-1700 ppm), respectively. Since surgery rarely lasted for more than 4 h the corresponding GMs for 8-h TWAs were lower, being 1.3 ppm (range: less than 0.5-34 ppm) for halothane and 34 ppm (range: 5-530 ppm) for nitrous oxide. The GM exposures of veterinarians and nurses were very similar. The size of the practice and the use of scavenging were significant factors in determining personal exposures to inhalation anaesthetics: by comparison general ventilation had little effect. The results are compared with earlier data from human surgery, and previous studies of exposure to inhalation anaesthetics during veterinary surgery are briefly reviewed.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

[Friedrich Ludwig Urban--from blacksmith to veterinarian. The history of his life].

Friedrich Ludwig Urban lived from 1808 to 1879. There is documentary evidence that he worked as a veterinary surgeon in Berlin and fought here on the barricades in 1848. Little is known about either his professional career or his private life. The author uses hitherto unpublished facts to present a detailed picture of the professional work and private life of Friedrich L. Urban, making a contribution to the historiography of veterinary surgery.

Berlin↗
PubMed1991

[The problems of X-ray image formation in veterinary practice--result of a cyclic study with the use of a test phantom for the determination of image quality].

To grasp the problems of producing X-ray pictures in veterinary surgery, a ring trial was carried out. The task of the veterinarians was to produce two radiographs: from a certain body region, together with a test phantom, which allowed the judgement of the image quality immediately. The dates and technique of exposure had to be chosen as usual, one picture had to be developed in the dark room, either manually--the usual way with the normally used chemicals or by automatic developing machine. The other picture was developed under standard conditions in the Institute of Medical Physics. For a third radiograph, already exposed with the correct dose, only development was requested. Therewith the total process of producing an x-ray picture, the exposure dates and -technique and the dark-room procedure should be analyzed. Additionally a protocol was drawn up. All results were treated anonymously. The outcome of the trial obviously showed the problems: blatant tendency to overexposure, in no case underexposure, combined with faults in the dark room--e.g. disregarding the condition of the developer or the probably given necessity of changing the developer and even the importance of controlling time and temperature during developing. No informations were requested about fixation- and stop bath or the method of drying.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Identification of muscle flaps in small animals.

Muscle flaps in small animals have been used quite frequently in experimental research. Their use in clinical veterinary surgery, however, has not yet been extensively explored. This paper describes the anatomy and clinical use of some of the muscle flaps that have been investigated and used in small animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Vascularized autogenous canine coccygeal bone transfer.

Based on cadaver studies in dogs, the 8th, 9th, or 10th canine coccygeal vertebra with overlying skin was designed for free vascularized bone transfer. In six dogs the coccygeal osteocutaneous flap was transferred to fill a defect of the tibia, anastomosing the median caudal artery and one of the two caudal veins to the tibial vessels. The overlying skin provided a reliable monitoring system for the transferred tissue. The behavior of the vascularized coccygeal vertebrae was then evaluated with radiographic and histologic examination and compared with control vertebrae transferred without reconnection of the blood vessels. The results revealed that the canine coccygeal bone graft is a reliable vascularized osteocutaneous flap, which can be applied either in clinical veterinary surgery or in orthopedic microsurgical research.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

The carbon dioxide laser scalpel.

The CO2-laser is currently used as a scalpel by a large number of medical surgeons, but in the field of veterinary surgery, relatively little has been published on the subject. A review of the origin of medical lasers, the basic physics of laser energy production and the characteristics of laser light was therefore considered necessary. This review includes a discussion on how the optical radiation generated by the different lasers is absorbed, the cutting power of the CO2-laser, and the effect on healing, tensile strength and haemostasis when used in the skin, linea alba and gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of video tape and a simulator for instruction of basic surgical skills.

Twenty first-year veterinary students with no prior participatory experience in surgery were randomly paired and assigned into two study groups. Ten students (group V) viewed a hemostatic technique video tape until they thought they could competently perform and assist in performing a hand-tied ligature on a blood vessel in a live animal. Ten students (group VS) wer also given a simulator for technique practice. Paired students were video recorded and blindly evaluated on their ability to perform and assist proper ligation of a bleeding vessel. Inexpensive hemostasis models were very helpful for teaching students essential surgeon and assistant skills involved in hand-tied ligature placement. Students who practiced with simulators performed significantly better as surgeon and assistant, and in total psychomotor skill evaluation, then students watching the video only. Students using simulators performed ligation with significantly more accuracy and tended to be more expeditious at this task. Further training is needed for students to acquire skills necessary for efficient bleeding vessel exposure and isolation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of surgical training with live anesthetized dogs and cadavers.

Cadavers were compared with live anesthetized dogs for their effectiveness as models for surgical training of veterinary medical students. One group of students was trained using cadavers, and a peer group was trained using live anesthetized dogs. Both groups then performed an intestinal anastomosis using a live subject. The time to completion of the procedure was recorded. The anastomoses and celiotomy closures were evaluated. Each anastomosis was isolated and pressure tested. Reviewers blindly scored each surgical team's performance based on actual inspection of the surgical site and on viewing videotapes of the procedure. The participants' attitudes toward the use of live animals in teaching and research were documented before and after training. No statistically significant differences could be detected between the two groups. The results suggest that some substitution of cadavers for live dogs in surgical training might be feasible.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1979

Type I allergy from cows in veterinary surgeons.

Occupational contact dermatitis caused by obstetric work and/or contact with cows is common among veterinary surgeons. We examined serum from nine veterinary surgeons of whom seven gave a history of itching and flare of eczema after obstetric work and/or contact with cows. By means of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis the occurrence of specific IgE against cow hair and dander was demonstrated. The IgE did not differ qualitatively or quantitatively from IgE in serum from patients with allergic asthma from cows. Four veterinary surgeons with flare-up of eczema during obstetric aid to cows did not have assignable s-IgE against bovine amnion or allantoic fluids.

Allantois↗
PubMed1990

Student selection: time to reconsider?

The fate of most aspiring veterinary surgeons is determined not by their professional examinations but by their A-level results. Anything less than two As and a B and the outlook is bleak, though not irretrievable. In this article, Dr Robert Michell examines the system by which students are selected, and suggests that the system is ripe for re-evaluation.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Electrical safety for the veterinary surgeon.

In human medicine, protection of the patient has demanded stringent safety precautions that have not been applied in the veterinary field. There is a hazard to the operator from the increasing use of electrical equipment in veterinary medicine, often in an environment where conducting floors and other items can carry fault currents through a human or animal body. The source of these currents may be equipment that has developed faults due to disconnected earth leads and breakdown of insulation so that the case or leads from the equipment become live. Currents exceeding 10 mA passing through the body may cause death from ventricular fibrillation. Protection from accident may be provided by circuit breakers that sense fault currents and disconnect the power, and by taking precautions to correctly maintain electrical fittings.

Accident Prevention↗