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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Infectious tenosynovitis (viral arthritis): influence of maternal antibodies on the development of tenosynovitis lesions after experimental infection by day-old chickens with tenosynovitis virus.

When chicks with maternal antibodies against infectious tenosynovitis (viral arthritis) virus were inoculated orally at 1 day old with tenosynovitis virus, they were protected against developing active tenosynovitis lesions 3 weeks later. They were not protected against subcutaneous inoculation, however. Breeder vaccination against tenosynovitis resulted in immunity of the progeny against oral infection at 1 day old, whereas progeny from unvaccinated breeders were susceptible to such a challenge.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

De Quervain's tenosynovitis. Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment.

De Quervain's tenosynovitis is a disorder characterized by pain on the radial (thumb) side of the wrist, impairment of thumb function, and thickening of the ligamentous structure covering the tendons in the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. It is precisely defined as stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment. It is a relatively common, uncomplicated, and noncontroversial musculoskeletal disorder of the distal upper extremity. The purpose of this review is to summarize information from the medical literature on aspects of De Quervain's tenosynovitis likely to be of interest and relevant to occupational medicine practitioners. The topics covered include normal anatomy and kinesiology; history; clinical observations related to diagnosis; pathology; pathophysiology; clinical observations on etiology; descriptive epidemiology; epidemiological studies; and case management. Models for the pathogenesis of De Quervain's tenosynovitis are proposed and opportunities for future research presented.

Case Management↗

PubMed1988

Antigen-induced tenosynovitis in hypersensitized rabbits: a model for rheumatoid tenosynovitis.

Rabbits were first immunized and later challenged with the same antigen (bovine serum albumin, or ferritin) by injection into the tibialis anterior tendon. Inflammatory changes of the tenosynovium and epitenon included infiltration by neutrophils (early) and mononuclear cells (later) over a 6-week course of tenosynovitis. A pattern of antigen entrapment in the tendon together with immunoglobulin was shown by use of radiolabelled antigen and immunochemical staining. Half-life of antigen in the tissues averaged 5 days over the 6-week period. Changes in the epitenon included cellular necrosis, appearance of phagocytic cells, and disruption of the collagen matrix. Tissues of control animals (challenged without prior immunization) showed minimal changes and significantly less retention of antigen (P greater than 0.005). The model is relevant to the mechanism of tendon damage associated with antigen-driven chronic inflammation, as may be the case in rheumatoid arthritis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Severity of tenosynovitis in reovirus-infected chickens fed various dietary levels of choline, folic acid, manganese, biotin, or niacin.

Five experiments were conducted to determine the incidence and severity of tenosynovitis in tendons distal to the tarsal joint in 4-, 6-, and 8-week-old reovirus WVU 2937-infected chickens fed diets containing 20%, 100%, or 200% of the 1977 National Research Council nutrient requirements (NCR-77) of manganese, biotin, niacin, choline, or folic acid. Male chickens, but not female chickens, fed 20% or 100% or the NRC-77 level of folic acid had consistently higher lesion scores of tenosynovitis than male chickens fed the 200% NRC-77 level of folic acid. Increasing dietary manganese levels from 20% to 200% NRC-77 reduced the severity of tendon swelling in 6- and 8-week-old male chickens and appeared to increase the severity of tendon swelling in 8-week-old female chickens. Male chickens fed 20% of the NRC-77 required level of biotin had numerically more severe tenosynovitis at 6 weeks of age and significantly more severe tenosynovitis at 8 weeks of age than male chickens fed 100% and 200% of the NRC-77 level of biotin. Increasing dietary choline levels from 20% to 200% of the NCR-77 required level increased the severity of tenosynovitis numerically at 6 weeks of age and significantly at 8 weeks of age. When data were pooled across diet, male chickens had significantly more severe tenosynovitis than female chickens at 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age in the choline experiment and at 4 and 6 weeks of age in the folic acid experiment. Differences in the severity of tenosynovitis of individual treatment means (sex X diet X infection interaction means) occurred at only the 20% or 100% NRC-77 level of choline or folic acid. Male chickens also had more severe tenosynovitis than female chickens when fed 20% of the NRC-77 required level of manganese for 6 or 8 weeks.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1991

Heterophil function in healthy chickens and in chickens with experimentally induced staphylococcal tenosynovitis.

Heterophil function was evaluated in 16 healthy chickens and in 46 chickens with experimentally induced staphylococcal tenosynovitis. In paired blood samples, heterophils from chickens with tenosynovitis had a significant increase in adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing of Staphylococcus aureus compared to heterophils from healthy chickens. The percent adherence of heterophils to nylon fiber columns increased significantly from a 78.4% mean +/- 6.6% standard deviation to 87.6% +/- 3.2% after induction of staphylococcal tenosynovitis. Heterophil movement following in vitro exposure to saline or endotoxin was increased in chickens with tenosynovitis; 3 +/- 1 heterophils/0.25 mm2 to 10 +/- 6 heterophils/0.25 mm2 and 136 +/- 29 heterophils/0.25 mm2 to 340 +/- 74 heterophils/0.25 mm2, respectively. Endotoxin-activated serum was chemoattractive for heterophils from all chickens. Flow cytometry was used to define the heterophil population on light scatter histograms, evaluate individual cell phagocytosis of latex beads, and quantitate the number of beads phagocytosed per heterophil. When incubated with increased numbers of beads, only heterophils from chickens with tenosynovitis phagocytosed higher numbers of beads. At heterophil to bead ratios of 1:10, the percentage of heterophils that phagocytosed beads increased from baseline values of 37.8% +/- 9.0% to post-infection values of 67.3% +/- 7.5%. Using 1:20 heterophil to bead ratios, heterophil phagocytosis increased from 38.7% +/- 9.9% to post-infection values of 79.8% +/- 7.3%. Heterophils from all chickens were able to phagocytose and kill log phase staphylococcal bacteria. After phagocytosis, the heterophils from chickens with staphylococcal tenosynovitis rapidly decreased the number of viable bacterial colony forming-units per milliliter by approximately one log.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Simultaneous vaccination of one-day-old broiler chickens with tenosynovitis virus and turkey herpesvirus.

An attenuated tenosynovitis virus vaccine and turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine mixed prior to vaccination were injected subcutaneously into one-day-old chicks. In laboratory and field trials there did not appear to be any interference, because chickens vaccinated with both vaccines were effectively immunized against challenge with virulent Marek's disease virus or tenosynovitis virus when compared with unvaccinated chickens or chickens vaccinated with either HVT or tenosynovitis virus. The combined tenosynovitis and HVT vaccine had essentially the same virus titers when compared to the titers of each vaccine prior to mixing. Also, the HVT viremia levels and the serum neutralization titers of chickens vaccinated with both vaccines were essentially the same as those in chickens vaccinated with a single vaccine. In field trials, chickens vaccinated with the combined vaccines had fewer condemnations for parts and septicemia-toxemia and total condemnations when compared to chickens not vaccinated with tenosynovitis virus. There was less mortality in the majority of the flocks vaccinated with tenosynovitis virus vaccine and HVT when compared to flocks receiving only HVT vaccine.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

MR arthrographic findings in tenosynovitis of the long bicipital tendon of the shoulder.

PURPOSE: To assess the MR arthrographic findings of bicipital tenosynovitis in correlation with arthroscopy. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: The shoulder MR arthrographies of 500 consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed for signs of bicipital tenosynovitis and associated pathologies. Forty patients (8%) had MR evidence of bicipital tenosynovitis, but only 17 (3%) with arthroscopic confirmation were included in the study. The MR findings in these patients were compared with those of 10 patients with rotator cuff lesions but arthroscopically normal long biceps tendons. MR arthrography was performed with 10-15 ml of a 250 mmol/l gadoterate meglumine (Gd-DOTA) solution injected under fluoroscopic guidance, and transaxial, oblique coronal and sagittal MR sequences were obtained. RESULTS: All 17 patients showed one or more abnormal findings: signal increase in the tendon with or without fusiform distension was seen in 12, surface irregularities in six, adhesions in 11 and noncommunicating effusions of the tendon sheath in six. Associated abnormalities of the rotator cuff were present in 16 while the seventeenth patient had glenohumeral synovitis without rotator cuff pathology. MR arthrograms correlated with arthroscopic findings in the joint but comparison was not possible in the intertubercular groove portion of the biceps tendon. None of the 10 patients with an arthroscopically normal biceps tendon showed any of the MR findings of bicipital tenosynovitis. CONCLUSION: Bicipital tenosynovitis is detectable by MR arthrography. In most cases it is an associated finding of rotator cuff abnormalities and likely to have a similar etiology. When lesions of the anterior rotator cuff are recognized, the biceps tendon should be scrutinized for inflammatory changes.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Distal stenosing tenosynovitis.

Three patients are described with distal stenosing tenosynovitis involving the flexor digitorum profundus and the A3 pulley. One patient had isolated distal stenosing tenosynovitis and two patients had combined distal and proximal stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor digitorum superficialis and the A1 pulley. All three patients with four digits involved had improvement of their symptoms after release of the A3 pulley. When involved, the A1 pulley was released at the same time. Patients with proximal stenosing tenosynovitis may have an associated distal stenosing tenosynovitis that if overlooked may cause persistence of symptoms after surgical treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Incidence and causes of tenosynovitis of the wrist extensors in long distance paddle canoeists.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence and causes of acute tenosynovitis of the forearm of long distance canoeists. METHOD: A systematic sample of canoeists competing in four canoe marathons were interviewed. The interview included questions about the presence and severity of pain in the forearm and average training distances. Features of the paddles and canoes were determined. RESULTS: An average of 23% of the competitors in each race developed this condition. The incidence was significantly higher in the dominant than the nondominant hand but was unrelated to the type of canoe and the angle of the paddle blades. Canoeists who covered more than 100 km a week for eight weeks preceding the race had a significantly lower incidence of tenosynovitis than those who trained less. Environmental conditions during racing, including fast flowing water, high winds, and choppy waters, and the paddling techniques, especially hyperextension of the wrist during the pushing phase of the stroke, were both related to the incidence of tenosynovitis. CONCLUSION: Tenosynovitis is a common injury in long distance canoeists. The study suggests that development of tenosynovitis is not related to the equipment used, but is probably caused by difficult paddling conditions, in particular uneven surface conditions, which may cause an altered paddling style. However, a number of factors can affect canoeing style. Level of fitness and the ability to balance even a less stable canoe, thereby maintaining optimum paddling style without repeated eccentric loading of the forearm tendons to limit hyperextension of the wrist, would seem to be important.

Athletic Injuries↗

PubMed1996

Tuberculous tenosynovitis and bursitis: imaging findings in 21 cases.

PURPOSE: To describe imaging features of tuberculous tenosynovitis and bursitis with various imaging methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with surgically and/or pathologically proved tuberculosis of the tendon sheaths or bursae were evaluated. Routine radiography, arthrography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were used in some or all of the patients. RESULTS: Twelve patients had tuberculous tenosynovitis, and nine had bursitis. Tuberculous tenosynovitis most commonly involved the tendon sheaths of the hand and wrist, whereas bursitis occurred most frequently about the hip, especially in the trochanteric bursa. All cases of tuberculous tenosynovitis or bursitis showed soft-tissue swelling on plain radiographs, with calcification demonstrated in three of nine (33%) cases. CT and MR imaging allowed evaluation of all forms of tuberculous tenosynovitis (hygromatous, serofibrinous, and fungoid forms), whereas tuberculous bursitis exhibited two patterns of involvement: either a distended bursa or multiple small abscesses. Contrast material-enhanced radiography (i.e., arthrography) helped delineate communication between the affected structures. CONCLUSION: All imaging methods can provide complementary information that is helpful for determination of therapy. MR imaging seems to be superior in evaluating the extent of the lesion, particularly in soft tissue.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Focal radial styloid abnormality as a manifestation of de Quervain tenosynovitis.

OBJECTIVE: de Quervain disease is a stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal wrist compartment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether focal radial styloid abnormality (cortical erosion, sclerosis, or periosteal bone apposition) as shown by radiography can be an indicator of de Quervain tenosynovitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 49 radiographs from 45 patients in whom the clinical diagnosis of de Quervain tenosynovitis was confirmed (positive findings on Finkelstein's test) and 64 radiographs from 62 asymptomatic patients was carried out independently by two musculoskeletal radiologists in a blinded fashion. Findings on radiographs were assessed for focal radial styloid abnormality and assigned a diagnostic grade (1, definitely normal; 2, probably normal; 3, equivocal; 4, probably abnormal; 5, definitely abnormal). Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed and compared. Kappa statistics for interobserver and intraobserver variability were calculated. RESULTS: The presence of focal radial styloid abnormality correlated significantly with the presence of de Quervain tenosynovitis (p < 0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for each reviewer equaled 0.71 and 0.76. Kappa values for interobserver variability equaled 0.44 (moderate agreement), and intraobserver variability equaled 0.62 (substantial agreement). CONCLUSION: Focal radial styloid abnormality is an indicator of de Quervain stenosing tenosynovitis of the wrist.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Tenosynovitis nodosa].

Nodular tenosynovitis occurs in a localized and in a diffuse form. The histologie finding are rather variable. According to electron microscopic studies nodular tenosynovitis originates in the synovial membrane. Mainly there are two types of cells to be found in the tumor: Type A, similar to macrophages - type B, similar to fibroblasts. The localized form of nodular tenosynovitis has a higher incidence in woman and occurs predominantly in the hand. The clinical symptoms are not characteristic and usually not very pronounced. More than one tumor in a single patient and also bone erosions caused by nodular tenosynovitis are rare occurrences. A case of a patient with multilocular occurrence of tenosynovitis is described here.

Elbow↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nodular pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis.

Pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis is a proliferative disorder of the synovium that can involve the joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. There are two histologically similar lesions of pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis--nodular pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis and diffuse pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis. The authors present a case involving nodular pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis, which is the more rare form of these two lesions.

Humans↗

PubMed1998

Tenosynovitis due to Mycobacterium avium intracellulare and Mycobacterium chelonei: report of two cases with review of the literature.

Atypical mycobacteria can induce soft tissue infections such as tenosynovitis. We observed one case of finger flexor tendon tenosynovitis infected with Mycobacterium avium intracellulare and one case of knee and ankle arthritis with lateral peroneal tendon tenosynovitis due to M. chelonei. In the first patient, a tenosynovectomy only was performed leading to resolution of the infection. The second patient was immunocompromised as a result of corticosteroid therapy and the mycobacterial infection was treated with tenosynovectomy and multidrug chemotherapy. This patient died from infectious pneumonitis. Previously reported cases of infectious tenosynovitis due to these atypical mycobacteria are reviewed.

Aged↗

PubMed1981

Reliability of a vibration test in screening for predisposition to tenosynovitis.

The reliability of a vibration test has been studied in terms of its feasibility for screening for predisposition to tenosynovitis in an occupational health setting. In a worker population with a high prevalence of tenosynovitis the specificity and sensitivity of the method in the best cases were 68% and 50%, respectively. In an apparently healthy population there were significant interindividual differences; but in successive trials the same individual could have index values indicating both a predisposition and a lack of predisposition for tenosynovitis. The index value seems to be dependent on the temperature of the test room. It was concluded, in contrast to earlier results, that the vibration test is, of no value in screening for a predisposition to tenosynovitis in an occupational health setting.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Tuberculous tenosynovitis of the wrist: MRI findings in three patients.

We report recent MRI findings in patients with tuberculous tenosynovitis of the wrist. Marked synovial thickening around the flexor tendons and fluid in the tendon sheath were clearly shown on MRI. Post-contrast study was useful in distinguishing the thick tenosynovium from the surrounding structures and fluid in the tendon sheath. The well-enhanced tenosynovium was also seen in the carpal tunnel in all cases. On the basis of these findings, we could easily distinguish tenosynovitis from other soft-tissue-mass lesions, such as tumors or infected ganglia. Tuberculous tenosynovitis is often not diagnosed early, and its differentiation from soft tissue tumors may be clinically difficult. MRI, particularly post-contrast study, is useful for early diagnosis of, and planning treatment for, tuberculous tenosynovitis.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tenosynovitis of the hand: a forgotten manifestation of tuberculosis.

Once the most common form of chronic tenosynovitis of the hand, tenosynovitis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become rare. Descriptions of this clinical entity can no longer be found in medical textbooks. Because of the rarity of this condition, diagnosis is frequently delayed. We present a case and review the presentation, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of tuberculous tenosynovitis. The relation of this infection to antecedent trauma and Dupuytren's contracture is discussed. M. tuberculosis should be considered in patients with chronic or recurrent tenosynovitis.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Granulomatous tophaceous gout mimicking tuberculous tenosynovitis: report of two cases.

Granulomatous inflammation in a tissue specimen raises concern about infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, atypical mycobacteria, certain fungi, Brucella species, and other infectious agents. Inflammatory disorders, such as sarcoidosis, crystal-associated arthritis, or foreign body reactions also are considered when granulomatous changes are seen on histological examination of a tissue specimen. We describe two cases of granulomatous tenosynovitis due to tophaceous deposits in patients with gout. In one case, tuberculous synovitis was considered the primary diagnosis until the diagnosis of gout was confirmed by examination of a tissue specimen with polarized light. In the second case, gout and tuberculosis were found in the patient's wrist joint. After antituberculous therapy was discontinued, he continued to have wrist synovitis and chronic drainage due to granulomatous tophaceous gout. The findings in this report suggest that gouty tenosynovitis can mimic tuberculous tenosynovitis and that gout should be considered in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous tenosynovitis, especially when acid-fast stains and cultures are negative for mycobacteria.

Adult↗