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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Permanent tooth calcification in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): patterns and polymorphisms.

Tooth calcification is an important developmental marker for use in constructing models for early hominid life history, particularly for its application to the fossil record. As chimpanzees are commonly utilized in interspecific comparisons in such research, this study aims to improve available baseline data for tooth calcification patterns in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and to quantify basic patterns and polymorphisms. We present an analysis of developmental patterns for the left mandibular dentition (I1-M3) based on intraoral radiographs obtained from a cross-sectional sample of chimpanzees (58 males, 60 females) housed at LEMSIP (NYU Medical Center) and Yerkes (Emory University). No significant differences with previous descriptions of the basic sequences of tooth calcification in chimpanzees were found, but variation in such patterns was documented for the first time. In the overall sequence, polymorphisms between the canine and the group (M2 P4 P3) reached significant levels. This is due to the relative delay in canine crown formation compared to other teeth. Differences in the basic sequence between males and females were recorded, but are due to minor shifts in the percentages of occurrence for polymorphic sequences which are common to both genders. Perhaps our most important findings are that a) different polymorphic sequences occur in tooth calcification and tooth emergence in chimpanzees, and b) developmental relationships among teeth fluctuate throughout tooth calcification. Thus, characterizations of dental developmental patterns based on particular stages of development cannot necessarily be extrapolated to other stages without supporting data.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Dental development in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): the timing of tooth calcification stages.

Data are presented documenting the timing of tooth calcification for the left mandibular dentition (I1-M3) based on a cross-sectional series of intraoral dental X-rays from a sample of 118 captive chimpanzees. Mean, median, and midpoint ages of attainment; standard deviations (SD); interquartile ranges (IQR); and age ranges were calculated for the eight developmental stages of these teeth. Minor differences with previous studies of chimpanzee dental development were found (Anemone et al. [1991] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 86:229-241; Anemone and Watts [1992] J. Hum. Evol. 22:149-153), but the similarities with previous studies are more striking despite the differences in samples. In contrast to other pongid studies, sex differences in developmental timing were documented, particularly for the canine. Regression models for age estimation from dental maturity scores were also presented. This chimpanzee standard is compared with human standards to determine absolute and relative differences in the timing of crown and root calcification. The overall period of canine development in both species is nearly identical, although those for crown and root formation are markedly different--making this tooth the most distinctive feature between chimpanzee and human dental development periods. Although the molars demonstrate differences in the timing of crown and root calcification periods, they are more proportional than for other teeth. This contributes to the difficulties in distinguishing between "human" and "chimpanzee" patterns of molar development. The developmental differences discussed are placed in perspective with consideration to microstructural and morphological features of chimpanzee and human teeth, and to overall growth periods in these species.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Dental age in maxillary canine ectopia.

An etiologic connection between palatally ectopic canines and small and missing teeth is well established in the literature. Additionally, it has been observed that patients with palatally ectopic canines have a delayed dental development. The present study was designed to examine the validity of this latter observation. We radiographically assessed the subjects' dental ages using criteria of tooth calcification, rather than tooth eruption pattern. A similar determination was made in relation to subjects in whom buccally ectopic canines were present. The experimental group consisted of panoramic radiographs of 55 consecutively treated patients with palatally displaced maxillary canines and of 47 consecutively treated patients with buccally displaced canines. They were compared with a control group of 57 consecutively treated patients with normally placed canines. Approximately half the subjects with palatal displacement exhibited a late-developing dentition, whereas the timing of dentition in the remaining subjects appeared to be normal. Buccal displacement was not associated with a retarded dental development, and the ranges of the dental age values were similar to those seen in the control group. The results support the idea that there are different etiologies for the occurrence of buccal versus palatal ectopia in maxillary canines. They also suggest that dentitions with a palatal canine appear to be of 2 distinct varieties, with different dental characteristics and, perhaps, different etiologies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The developing dentition and tooth structure in hominoids.

This review of hominoid dental development is presented in two parts. The first section reviews (1) the general relationship between dental development and life history in hominoids; (2) the methods used to document dental development, and (3) the nature of incremental growth markings in hominoid teeth. The second section builds on this and reviews the contributions to hominoid dental development that have been made by (1) studies of tooth emergence; (2) studies of tooth calcification stages, and (3) histological studies of incremental growth markings made either from sections of teeth or replicas of early hominid teeth prepared for scanning electron microscopy.

Animals↗