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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1990

Studies of taeniasis in Taiwan. XII. Prevalence of taeniasis among Atayal aborigines in Wufeng District, Hsinchu County, northwest Taiwan.

In order to determine the prevalence of taeniasis in the Wufeng District of Hsinchu County, 341 school children from 2 primary schools and 748 Atayal aborigines from 4 villages were examined with a scotch tape perianal swab and by questionnaire and demonstration of proglottides. The infection rates of taeniasis and enterobiasis among the school children were 1% and 8%, respectively. The overall infection rate of taeniasis among the Atayal aborigines was 6%, and 189 previously treated and cured persons were also discovered. The highest rate was found at Taoshan Village (9%) and the lowest at Chulin Village (3%). The infection increased with age from less than 1% among those under 10 years of age to a peak of 11% for those over 50 years. The infection rate in males (7%) was similar to that in females (6%). Fourteen percent (43/305) of the families were found with one (91%) or two (9%) infected members. The infected persons had been eating raw meat and viscera of wild boar (70%), flying squirrel (65%), muntjac (58%), wild goat (56%) and the raw meat of other 6 kinds of wild animals. Passing proglottides in the feces (100%) and pruritus ani (91%) were the two most important clinical manifestations. One-third (33%) of the patients had passed proglottides for 21-30 years.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Studies of taeniasis in Taiwan. XIV. Current status of taeniasis among Yami aborigines on Lanyu Island, Taitung County, southeast Taiwan.

In December 1989, 1,457 Yami aborigines in six villages on Lanyu District (Lanyu Island), Taitung County, Southeast Taiwan, were examined by questionnaire and demonstration of the proglottides or by scotch tape perianal swab technique for taeniasis. The overall infection rate was 5%. The highest rate was found at Yehyin (8%) and the lowest at Yujen (2%). However, the rate did not significantly differ among the villages. The infection rate peaked in the 51-60 yr age group (15%) and the lowest rate was observed in the 11-20 yr age group (less than 1%). No infection was found in the 21-30 yr age group. The infection rates of men and women were similar (5%). Twenty-one per cent of 304 families was found to include one or more infected members and a family with five infected person was observed at Yehyin. The infection rate of taeniasis on Lanyu Island decreased from 16% in 1984 to 5% in 1989. However, 51 persons who were negative in 1984 were positive at present, 26 were found to be positive in both studies, and 216 (12 died) who were positive in 1984 were now negative. These results indicate that the Yami people still eat raw meat and viscera of animals.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Control of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis by focus-oriented chemotherapy of taeniasis.

The mortality, mortality, and disability due to Taenia solium neurocysticercosis are common and serious health problems in some regions, including several Asian countries. Neurocysticercosis in man and cysticercosis in pigs can be controlled by treatment, in man with a single, low (2 1/2 or 5 mg/kg) and safe dose of praziquantel. The problem which remains is the identification of a Taenia solium taeniasis foci. The definition of a focus is: T. solium-infected or suspected case; household with recent case of epilepsy in family or cysticercosis in pigs; group of houses or a village with high rate of cysticercosis in pigs. In a rural area a focus can be easily identified by tracing infected pigs to their place of origin, or in vivo tongue examination. All people with suspected T. solium taeniasis in a focus should be treated.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Mebendazole in the treatment of taeniasis solium and taeniasis saginata.

A study was made of the effect on taeniasis of mebendazole, a drug known to be highly active against a variety of nematode species parasitic in humans. Thirty-seven patients infected with Taenia solium and four with Taenia saginata, some of whom had concomitant nematode infections, were treated with one of three dosages for 3 to 6 days. Within 48 hours of treatment most patients had eliminated long chains of intact, but apparently lifeless, proglottids. Assessment of results was made by monthly post-treatment observations for 4 to 5 months. The optimum effective dose of mebendazole appears to be 300 mg twice daily for 3 days.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Prevalence of taeniasis and enterobiasis among aboriginal children in mountainous areas of Taiwan.

Children numbering 6,197 were tested for taeniasis. Those children were examined from May, 1981 to July, 1989. Sixty one primary schools, in eight mountainous districts provided the test group of children. The method used in these tests was the Scotch tape perianal swab. The overall infection rate of taeniasis was 1%. A total of 6,667 children were also examined for enterobiasis and the infection rate was 10%. There was no significant difference in the rate of taeniasis and enterobiasis by sex. The infection of taeniasis was highest in Tatung District (3%), Ilan County. However, there was no significant difference among the rates by district. The prevalence of enterobiasis was highest in Jenai District (17%), Nantou County and lowest in Lanyu District (2%), Taitung County. Taeniasis was not found among non-aboriginal school children, while 3% of aboriginal school children were infected with Taenia. However, the infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis among non-aborigines (39%) was much higher than that among aboriginal children (5%). These findings indicate that aboriginal children still eat raw meat and viscera of wild animals and acquire Taenia infection.

Child↗

PubMed1990

[Taeniasis, amebiasis and other intestinal parasitosis in school age children from Michoacan State, Mexico].

92.3% schoolchildren aged 6-13 years of a mexican rural village, suspected foci of Taenia solium cysticercosis were screened for intestinal parasites with the main purpose to know the infection rate by taeniasis. An stool sample was collected to schoolchildren of the village and 95.4% of a urban private school as comparative group. Laboratory examinations were performed with the most accurate technics, included microscopies with an ocular micrometer. The general parasitation rate was 4 times higher in the rural village, but the percentages of Taenia spp. infection were 0.6% both of them. Entamoeba histolytica was observed 1.8% and 7.2% in the city and rural village, respectively. All the cases with taeniasis passed T. saginata after treatment with niclosamide. Negative results were obtained with the same chemotherapy in a randomly selected group of 112 schoolchildren which previous stool examination was reported negative. Neither taeniasis were demonstrated in 94 adult persons. These data are suggestive of the great variability on the transmission rates of T. solium cysticercosis in endemic areas and illustrate the faced methodological problems to confirm the diagnosis of taeniasis. By other hand support the hypothesis that estimates of infection rates with E. histolytica have been overdiagnosed in the country. Taeniasis-cysticercosis; schoolchildren; Taenia saginata; amebiasis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Studies of secretory activity and pathomorphology of the gastric mucosa in taeniasis (Taenia saginata)].

Studies were performed on 149 patients, aged 18 to 50, hospitalized in the Department of Parasitic and Tropical Diseases, Medical Academy in Poznań. The following examinations were performed: gastric contents testing with histamine stimulus according to Kay, the histological and cytological examination of gastric mucosa biopsies. Among patients with Taenia saginata invasion, disturbances in secretory activity of gastric mucosa were demonstrated in 57.7% of studied patients. Hypoacidity was found in 49.7% of patients; it appeared both in the oldest group, over 40 years (71.4%), as well as in two younger, although at two times lower frequency (38.2 and 39.6%, respectively). At set of histological and cytological studies was performed on gastric mucosa biopsies in a chosen group of 30 patients (average age of 26.2 years) with taeniasis and hypoacidity, before and after the treatment of the invasion. Before the treatment cellular infiltrates consisting of mononuclear cells were observed in gastric mucosa biopsies; cytological analysis of gastric gland cross-sections demonstrated 3 to 4 times lower number of parietal cells as compared to that of mucous cells. After the treatment of taeniasis, secretory activity of gastric mucosa returned to the normal level in 20 patients (66.7% of total). At the same time, the histological and cytological analysis of the biopsies showed decreased intensity of cell infiltrates in the glandular layer of the mucosa and an increased number of parietal cells as compared to the number of mucous cells. In 10 patients (33.3% of total), hypoacidity of the gastric juice as well as gastric mucosa lesions persisted despite the elimination of T. saginata. No relation could be found between the duration of T. saginata invasion on the one hand and secretory disturbances on the other. The subsidance of functional disturbances in gastric mucosa and of their morphological exponents in 2/3 of patients after taeniasis treatment indicates a causal relationship between time of taeniasis and secretory disturbances and histological lesions in gastric mucosa.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Efficacy of low doses of praziquantel in taeniasis.

Early experimental studies suggested that doses of 1 to 5 mg of praziquantel (PZQ) per kg are effective against several intestinal cestodiases. The usually recommended single dose of PZQ in human taeniasis is 5 or 10 mg/kg. A study in T. saginata taeniasis showed a full efficacy at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. A field study confirmed that a dose between 3.4 and 7.5 mg/kg was effective in expulsion T. solium tapeworms in man. A dose of 2.5 mg of PZQ per kg would be safer and more economical in population-oriented interventions aiming at control of T. solium taeniasis in man.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Eating habits of east Asian people and transmission of taeniasis.

In order to understand the role of raw meat and viscera eating habits in the transmission of taeniasis in Asian countries, 1502 infected aborigines in ten mountainous districts/towns of six counties in Taiwan, 58 infected persons in two villages on Cheju Island, Korea, and 97 cases in Ambarita District on Samosir Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia were studied during the field surveys. All infected Taiwan aborigines had the habit of eating raw meat and viscera of wild and/or domestic animals. Among these aborigines, 73% ate wild boar, 66% flying squirrel, 65% wild goat, 56% muntjac, 49% wild rats, 46% monkey, 38% hare, 20% civet-cats, 18% weasel, 17% pheasant, 14% squirrel, 4% grouse, 1% deer, 1% snake, less than 1% bamboo partridge, less than 1% frog, less than 1% bear, less than 1% dog, and less than 1% fox. Of the 58 infected persons with Taenia on Cheju Island, Korea, 72% ate raw meat and/or viscera of pig and cattle, 19% raw pork only, and 9% raw beef only. Among 12 infected persons infected with T. saginata-like tapeworms, 7 had eaten raw pork, 2 raw beef and pork and 3 raw pork. Almost all of the 97 cases of taeniasis on Samosir Island of North Sumatra, Indonesia, had eaten only undercooked pork. Eleven of 15 cases were found to be infected with T. saginata-like tapeworms. Eating habits observed suggest an unusual way of transmission of Taenia in East Asia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Poor efficacy of albendazole for the treatment of human taeniasis.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of albendazole for the treatment of taeniasis, regimens of 400 mg x 1 day, 800 mg x 2 days, 800 mg x 3 days, 1200 mg x 2 days, and 1200 mg x 3 days were compared. Of 66 cases treated and investigated 7-14 days after treatment, 52 were still expelling proglottids. Three months posttreatment, these cases were re-treated with atabrine at 1.2 g per case for males and 1.0 g per case for females. Fifty-seven patients expelled worms or parts of tapeworms. The nine negatives may represent the number cured by the treatment with albendazole. The cure rates with albendazole for various regimens were up to 50% for 800 mg x 3 days, 1200 mg x 2 days or 1200 mg x 3 days, 14.3% for 800 mg x 2 days, and 0% for 400 mg x 1 day or 800 mg x 1 day. This study shows that albendazole is not very effective in the treatment for taeniasis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Taeniasis-cysticercosis in Honduras.

Data on human taeniasis and human and animal cysticercosis from Honduras were gathered from laboratory, medical and slaughterhouse records, proglottid identification and surveys. The infection rate for human taeniasis was 2.7/1000 individuals at the University Hospital, 10/1000 in the southern provinces of Choluteca and Valle, and 0.6/1000 in Cortes and Atlantida in the north. In surveys, the rates found ranged from 14 to 62/1000 in 9 of 15 communities studied. Taenia solium was identified in 135 of 181 individuals (74.5%) who submitted proglottids for speciation, 23 of whom were children 0-5 years old. The male:female ratio of infection rate was 1:2. The rates of infection with cysticercosis in pigs and cattle at one abattoir in 1981-1986 were 5% and 0.05% respectively. Diagnosis of human cysticercosis at the University Hospital increased five-fold with the introduction of computerized tomography and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: 22 cases were diagnosed in 1980-1984 and 107 cases in 1985-1988. Rates at the neurosurgical ward were higher (29/1000 patients) than in the general hospital census (1.6/1000 patients). aeniasis-cysticercosis may be a serious health problem in some areas of Honduras.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Prevalence and risk factors for Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans and pigs in a village in Morelos, Mexico.

In a Mexican village in which Taenia solium infection was known to be endemic, we selected a cluster sample of 368 households (21% of the total) for demographic, environmental, and diagnostic surveys, and medical histories for taeniasis and cysticercosis. Coproparasitologic studies of 1,531 participants revealed infection by Taenia sp. in four (0.3%) individuals; however, 5.8% of the respondents reported a history of having passed tapeworm proglottids in feces. Of 1,552 human serum specimens, 10.8% tested positive in the cysticercosis immunoblot assay. Seropositivity increased with age and reached a maximum in subjects ages 46-55 years. Risk factors associated with seropositivity included a history of passing tapeworm proglottids, frequent consumption of pork, and poor personal and household hygiene (P less than 0.05). A history of seizures was also significantly associated with seropositivity (P less than 0.05); approximately one-third of persons with such histories were seropositive. Of 571 pigs examined by tongue inspection, 23 (4.0%) had cysticerci; infection rates increased with the age of pigs, and were higher in pigs that habitually ran loose or were fed human feces (P less than 0.05). Goodness of fit analysis confirmed that seropositive persons (but not infected pigs) were significantly clustered within households, particularly, in households in which a member reported a history of having passed tapeworm proglottids. The results of this study have identified community behavioral and environmental practices that must be modified to prevent continued transmission of cysticercosis and taeniasis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Taenia solium taeniasis and neurocysticercosis in a Mexican rural family.

A case of neurocysticercosis in a six-year-old Mexican boy and a case of Taenia solium taeniasis in his five-year-old brother are reported. Neurocysticercosis was suspected based on clinical findings and was confirmed by computed tomography scanning. A parasitologic examination with zinc-sulfate flotation and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques was carried out on the whole family, and revealed Taenia sp. eggs in three stool samples from the five-year-old boy. The entire family agreed to undergo chemotherapy with niclosamide, but only the child passing taeniid eggs eliminated T. solium. No additional taeniasis cases were found in an examination of 20% of the village population, using the same parasitologic techniques. The results of an ELISA using cysticercus antigens were negative for the boy with neurocysticercosis, for other family members, and for 24 village volunteers, but were positive for the T. solium tapeworm carrier. It was concluded that in this family, person-to-person transmission of the tapeworm occurred due to poor living conditions and hygiene.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Taeniasis in Indonesia with special reference to Samosir Island, north Sumatra.

In Indonesia, taeniasis is endemic on the islands of Bali, Irian Jaya and Sumatra. The Balinese eat pork or beef raw in a dish called "lawar". Natives of Irian Jaya also have a custom of preparing and consuming raw pork. On Samosir Island in North Sumatra, undercooked pork is consumed in traditional ceremonies. In Bali, the local people defecate into cages (called "teba") of domestic animals. In Irian Jaya, pigs are allowed to feed on human feces inside houses at night. The natives of Samosir Island defecate in their gardens and their feces are easily consumed by freely roaming pigs. Since 1972, studies have been carried out on the epidemiology of taeniasis in North Sumatra. The Taenia sp. found on Samosir Island is morphologically identical to Taenia saginata. However, the local people seldom or never consume beef because it is very expensive, while pork is commonly consumed. The species and the natural intermediate hosts of Taenia sp. on Samosir Island are still under investigation.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Biology of the taeniasis-cysticercosis binomial].

We present a review of the biological aspects of taeniasis-cysticercosis binomial, emphasizing those related to its biotic potential, resistance, and viability of eggs in the environment, as well as the morphological features of the corresponding adults, which are instrumental for the diagnosis of taeniasis. A new infection mechanism through the ingestion of posoncospheres present in macerated meat is discussed. The significance of unifying epidemiological criteria to control this important binomial is pointed out.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

The optimum dose of Puag-Haad in the treatment of taeniasis.

Forty-two per cent of 24 patients with Taeniasis saginata were cured by two-gram dose of a crude aqueous extract of the wood Artocarpus lakoocha, Puag-Haad, while eighty per cent of 25 patients were cured by three-gram dose which is comparable to the results of five-gram dose but had less side-effect. Thus, the three-gram dose of Puag-Haad is recommended in the treatment of taeniasis.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

The use of mebendazole in the treatment of Taenia saginata taeniasis in an endemic area in the Philippines.

The successful treatment of Taenia saginata taeniasis with mebendazole is herein reported. 41 subjects ascertained to have taeniasis based on the history of passage of gravid segments and positivity for Taenia egg were treated with 300 mg mebendazole b.i.d. for 3 days without need for fasting. No side-effects were observed. The drug acts as a taeniacide. The worms were expelled either as degenerated boluses or fragmented segments on the 2nd to the 4th day (Mean: 2.4 days) after the initial dose. 33 (84.6%) of the 41 subjects expelled the worm. A follow-up of all the subjects 2--3 months after treatment revealed that all those who expelled the worm following treatment and 6 of those who did not were negative for both Taenia egg and gravid segment, or a cure rate of 95%.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Albendazole treatment in human taeniasis.

The results are presented of albendazole trials on human taeniasis infections in Honduras, involving 56 of 68 individuals (2% of the inhabitants) found to be infected during surveys conducted in 15 rural communities. Of the 3 methods used for diagnosis of infection, the Kato cellophane thick smear showed 80% reliability, a combination of Kato and 'Scotch' tape perianal swab 88%, and clinical history of proglottid expulsion less than 50%. Individuals were treated with a dose of 400 mg of albendazole per day for 3 d, followed for 5 d to verify tapeworm expulsion, and evaluated again at 60 and 90 d to assess drug efficacy. All 56 treated individuals remained stool-negative after 60 and 90 d; a partial strobila or segments were recovered from 21 of them (37.5%). Of these, Taenia saginata was identified from 4, and T. solium from 15; 2 specimens could not be specifically identified. Based on negative stool examinations and clinical history after 60 and 90 d, albendazole seems to be a well tolerated, very effective drug for treating infections with Taenia spp. However, confirmation of these results is needed due to the difficulty of making a reliable diagnosis of such infections.

Adolescent↗