PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Tendon Entrapment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Flexor tendon entrapment in ulnar shaft fractures.

Entrapment of tendons in pediatric forearm fractures has been reported rarely and often is diagnosed months to years after the initial injury. Tendon entrapments are reported to occur more frequently distally than proximally. Two pediatric cases of proximal entrapment of the flexor digitorum profundus in an ulnar shaft fracture are reported here. Early diagnosis permitted surgical release and early restoration of full function. These cases emphasize the difficulty in diagnosing this rare condition in a young child and the need for careful digital range of motion examination under ideal circumstances, with pain and apprehension eliminated.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Flexor tendon entrapment of the digits (trigger finger and trigger thumb).

Flexor tendon entrapment of the digits is a disorder characterized by snapping or locking of the thumb or fingers (with or without pain). Most cases are secondary to thickening of the digit's A1 pulley, but other pathogeneses include tendon abnormalities at the level of the carpal tunnel, thickening of other pulleys, and abnormalities of the metacarpal-phalangeal joint. Its historical name, stenosing tenosynovitis of the digits, is inappropriate because histological studies document a lack of inflammation. Flexor tendon entrapment of the digits is a relatively common, uncomplicated, and non-controversial musculotendinous disorder of the distal upper extremity. The purpose of this invited review is to summarize information from the medical literature on aspects of this condition likely to be of interest and relevant to occupational medicine practitioners. Topics covered include normal anatomy and kinesiology, history, clinical observations related to diagnosis, pathology, pathophysiology, clinical observations on etiology, descriptive epidemiology, epidemiological studies, and case management. Models for the pathogenesis of flexor tendon entrapment of the digits are proposed, and opportunities for future research are presented.

Fingers↗
PubMed1992

Anatomical considerations of posterior tibialis tendon entrapment in irreducible lateral subtalar dislocation.

Irreducible lateral subtalar dislocation is associated with posterior tibialis tendon entrapment. Mulroy and Leitner have proposed conflicting theories regarding the exact mechanism of tendon entrapment. Cadaveric analysis of lateral subtalar dislocation supported Leitner's contention that tearing of the flexor retinaculum promotes posterior tibialis tendon entrapment. Retinacular disruption allowed tendon subluxation over the medial malleolus and talar head to the entrapped position. Entrapment of the flexor digitorum longus only occurred in the Leitner model. When the flexor retinaculum and deep posterior compartment fascia were preserved, the muscle failed at the musculotendinous junction. Flexor hallucis longus entrapment could not be produced in either experimental model. Plantarflexion of the great and lesser toes, noted on clinical presentation, is caused by functional lengthening of the route coursed by the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1981

Three complications of untreated partial laceration of flexor tendon--entrapment, rupture, and triggering.

Three patients developed complications as a result of unrepaired and untreated partial laceration of flexor tendons. In one, narrowly based flaps of the tendons became entrapped in a rent in the flexor tendon sheath. In a second, delayed rupture of the flexor pollicis longus occurred when force was applied to the tendon 2 weeks after the injury. In the third, triggering of the thumb occurred 2 months after a laceration which passed through the annular pulley into the tendon.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Distal radial fracture with tendon entrapment. A case report.

Entrapment of the extensor pollicus longus tendon can occur in distal radial fractures of the Smith type. This can be recognized by failure to obtain good reduction and inability of the patient to extend the thumb after reduction. The treatment is surgical and should be through a dorsal approach which allows repositioning of the tendon and internal fixation of the fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Physeal phalangeal fracture with flexor tendon entrapment. A case report and review of the literature.

A typical phalangeal epiphyseal fracture separation in a 12-year-old girl was complicated by a relatively unusual irreducible growth plate injury. Various tissues may become interposed between displaced phalangeal structures preventing realignment. Frequently, the flexor tendon has been implicated as the cause of complex joint dislocations or fracture-dislocations of the digits. However, entrapment of the flexor tendon by the displaced base of a buttonholed phalangeal metaphysis separated from its related epiphysis is quite rare. Treatment required early recognition to avoid further injury, open identification of the tissue derangement, and careful reduction to restore normal function.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1999

Irreducible phalangeal fracture in a child due to flexor tendon entrapment.

A 4-year-old girl sustained a longitudinal shaft fracture of the proximal phalanx of the ring finger. The fracture was irreducible by closed manipulation and required open reduction. The fragments were separated by both flexor tendons near the level of Camper's chiasma, which caused a "pinching" phenomenon when manipulative reduction was attempted. The case presented reveals that an irreducible fracture should be suspected in hyperextension injuries with severe angulation when rubbery resistance is noted at the time of closed manipulation.

Bone Wires↗
PubMed1989

Dual extensor tendon entrapment in Galeazzi fracture-dislocation: a case report.

A rare case of blocked reduction of the distal radio-ulnar joint in a Galeazzi fracture-dislocation is presented. In this case both the extensor carpi ulnaris and extensor digiti minimi tendons were displaced on either side of the ulnar head. After relocation of these tendons the distal radio-ulnar joint could be easily reduced.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Enlarged peroneal process with peroneus longus tendon entrapment.

A 50-year-old man was treated conservatively for chronic bilateral ankle pain for several years. Plain radiographs obtained following exacerbation of symptoms showed bilateral enlarged peroneal processes. CT and MRI demonstrated bony detail of the unusual processes and also showed isolation of the peroneus longus tendons and associated tendinitis and partial tears.

Ankle↗
PubMed2001

Galeazzi-equivalent fracture in children associated with tendon entrapment--report of two cases.

INTRODUCTION: This is a report of 2 consecutive cases of the Galeazzi-equivalent fracture in children. CLINICAL PICTURE: In both cases, the mechanism of injury was falls onto the outstretched hand. Radiographs showed fracture of the radius with separation of the distal ulnar physis. TREATMENT: Initial treatment by closed manipulation failed; hence, open reduction and internal fixation was required. The cause of failure of closed manipulation in both cases was interposition of soft tissue into the ulnar fracture site. OUTCOME: Both cases showed good functional outcome after open reduction and internal fixation. CONCLUSION: Recognition of this form of injury is necessary to ensure proper treatment is undertaken to prevent the complications of inadequate reduction and growth retardation.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1988

Irreducible fracture-dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint secondary to entrapment of the extensor carpi ulnaris tendon.

Entrapment of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendon between the ulnar head and the sigmoid notch of the radius occurred in a 12-year-old boy. This led to an irreducible dorsal dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Irreducible DRUJ dislocations are uncommon, and the entrapped ECU has not been previously described in a skeletally immature patient. The physical and roentgenographic findings of a dorsally displaced ulna, a widened DRUJ, and the inability to obtain a closed reduction should alert the examiner to the need for exploration. A dorsal exposure is required to free the ECU and reconstruct the triangular fibrocartilage complex.

Child↗
PubMed2001

MR imaging findings of entrapment of the flexor hallucis longus tendon.

OBJECTIVE: In this retrospective study, we describe the MR imaging patterns of various causes of flexor hallucis longus tendon entrapment. CONCLUSION: Entrapment of the flexor hallucis longus tendon may be due to an enlarged os trigonumtarsitarsi, calcaneal fracture, and soft-tissue scar. These disorders have characteristic imaging findings that may be revealed on MR imaging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Biomechanical models for the pathogenesis of specific distal upper extremity disorders.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the pathogenesis of most disorders that occur in the distal upper extremity is generally lacking. The individual roles of postulated etiologic factors, such as biomechanical or psychosocial exposures, are poorly understood and their potential interactions even less so. This article proposes biomechanical or physiological models of pathogenesis for specific distal upper extremity disorders. METHODS: Tendon entrapment of the dorsal wrist compartments (tenosynovitis), peritendinitis, lateral epicondylitis, and carpal tunnel syndrome are common specific neuromusculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremities observed among workers. The normal anatomy and function of the targeted structures is considered the initial state; their pathology is considered the final state. Using biomechanical or physiological principles combined with clinical observations and experimental studies, pathways leading from the initial state to the final state are proposed. Each model defined a critical biomechanical or physiological attribute that was considered to best characterize 'dose.' Two temporal patterns of exposure (duration vs. repetition) were used to characterize 'dosage.' The roles of long-term exposure vs. unaccustomed work were mentioned, but not incorporated into the models. RESULTS: Compressive force transmitted to the extensor retinaculum was considered the critical factor in the model for tendon entrapment at the dorsal wrist compartments. Two models were proposed for lateral epicondylitis. One emphasized the role of eccentric exertions; the other emphasized contact pressure from the radial head. The model for peritendinitis relied on localized muscle fatigue. Seven plausible models were presented for carpal tunnel syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to propose biologically plausible models of pathogenesis that are both coherent with current knowledge of tissue responses and consistent with clinical observations; however, more than one model was plausible for some conditions. Additional research is needed to determine which, if any, of the proposed models might be correct. Such models may be useful to health care providers and ergonomists in the context of primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

Tenosynovitis: tendon and nerve entrapment.

The pathophysiology associated with tendon and nerve entrapment due to idiopathic tenosynovitis of the hand and wrist is discussed. The basis of clinical symptoms, nonoperative and operative treatment, complications, and prognosis relating to stenosing tenosynovitis and carpal tunnel syndrome are reviewed. A systematic approach to developing a philosophy for operative treatment is based upon severity of symptoms and findings at surgery. Deformities of the median nerve are classified into grades that correlate with symptoms and influence selection of the surgical procedure.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

[Chronic entrapment syndromes of the tendons].

The chronic entrapment syndromes of the tendons of the hand are: stenosing tendovaginitis of the flexor and extensor tendons, the trigger wrist, and the intersection-syndrome. Pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis and differential diagnosis are presented. The focus is on the localization of the individual disease and its particularities. Therapy and possible complications are discussed subsequently.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

Trauma to the foot.

Minor trauma to the foot may cause stress fracture, avulsion fracture or ligamentous and tendon injury. Plain radiographs are frequently normal. Radionuclide bone scan is a sensitive detector of early bone injury. A stress fracture may develop focal uptake or diffuse uptake throughout the bone involved. MR imaging is the most sensitive means of evaluating injury to the soft tissues. Acute edema, partial tear, complete tear, and chronic tendinitis have distinct features on T1- and T2-weighted images. Major trauma occurs most commonly as a result of falls from heights and from motor-vehicle accidents. Plain films are useful in the initial evaluation of the extent of trauma. CT is particularly useful in evaluating calcaneal fractures that involve the subtalar joint. Both MR imaging and CT scans are useful in detecting injured or entrapped tendons associated with fracture-dislocations.

Foot Injuries↗