PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: interplay of predictive factors, treatment challenges, and survival insights.

OBJECTIVE: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare and aggressive thyroid neoplasm. This study is the largest to date and aims to provide the most up-to-date analysis of demographics and clinicopathological factors of ATC. METHODS: Data for this study were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. RESULTS: A total of 1,769 cases of ATC were included with a median age at diagnosis was 71 years, and 59% were females. The most common site of metastasis was the lung (40.7%). The majority of patients underwent combination therapy (surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation) (19.2%). The 5-year OS was 7.3% (95% C.I. 6.6-8.0). The 5-year CSS was 11.8% (95% C.I. 10.8-12.8). The highest 5-year survival was observed with combination therapy (surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation) at 20.9%. Multivariable analysis revealed that age >60 years, Asian/Pacific Islander, >2 cm tumor size, and metastatic disease were independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: ATC is an uncommon tumor that mainly affects Caucasian females in their 70s. Older age, Asian/Pacific Islander race, and larger tumor size (>2 cm) were also associated with a worse prognosis. For better comprehension of pathogenesis, prospective clinical trials should include patients from all ethnicities, gender, and genomic analysis of ATC.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Fatal thyroid carcinoma. Anaplastic transformation of adenocarcinoma.

Prognosis of well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland is generally favorable, while that of anaplastic carcinoma, extremely poor. Well-differentiated carcinoma may sometimes be fatal; the most common underlying cause is considered to be due to anaplastic transformation of the original well-differentiated carcinoma to a less differentiated form. We studied 27 consecutive autopsy cases of fatal thyroid cancer treated at the Ito Hospital, Tokyo, during a five-year period, 1969-1973. We found uniform histological features of anaplastic carcinoma in 10 cases and of well differentiated carcinoma in four cases. In addition, co-existence of well-differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas was observed in nine cases and well differentiated and squamous cell carcinomas in four. Circumstantial evidence strongly suggests that malignant transformation is a part of the natural history of thyroid carcinoma, from well-differentiated carcinoma to less differentiated forms, either squamous cell or anaplastic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma following low-dose irradiation.

Low-dose irradiation of the neck in childhood is associated with a markedly increased incidence of thyroid cancer. Such carcinomas have almost all been well differentiated, papillary or follicular types. This paper describes the development of metastatic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes a year after subtotal thyroidectomy for well-differentiated papillary carcinoma in a 32-year-old man who had had low-dose cervical irradiation at the age of 7 years. It appears that irradiation-related thyroid carcinomas, in at least a very small number of people, may be associated with aggressive carcinoma.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1979

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid following external irradiation.

Two patients with anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid following irradiation for Hodgkin's disease are presented, and the previously reported cases briefly reviewed. The risk of late development of thyroid carcinoma is life-long and high-dose irradiation in patients with prolonged life expectancy may result in anaplastic carcinoma as well as less malignant histological forms.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Hydroxy 9-methyl 2-ellipticinium acetate (NSC 264-137). Toxicologic study and therapeutic effect in 100 cancers (author's transl)].

A new derivative of ellipticine, hydroxy-9-methyl-2-ellipticinium acetate, was found to be a useful anti-tumor drug in advanced cancers which could not be treated any longer successfully by any other procedure. In our series of 100 patients, the best results were obtained with bone metastases from breast carcinomas and with anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Most patients usually received a weekly perfusion of 80 mg/m2. The main characteristic of this drug is its lack of hematologic, and hepatic toxicity. No renal trouble was observed during the first year, but 2 deaths from renal insufficiency occured during the 18th and 15th month of treatment. The most frequent side effect consists of digestive troubles (nausea, vomiting) which rarely compelled to stop the treatment (4 times in 100 patients).

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2026

An integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomic atlas of thyroid cancer progression identifies prognostic fibroblast subpopulations.

Although well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) is characterized by a robust treatment response, aggressive subtypes, such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), remain highly lethal. To understand thyroid cancer evolution in both children and adults, we analyzed single-cell transcriptomes of 423,733 cells from 81 samples and spatially resolved key tumor and microenvironment populations across 28 tumors with spatial transcriptomics, including rare and unique composite WDTC/ATC tumors and pediatric diffuse sclerosing thyroid carcinomas. Additionally, we identified gene signatures of stromal cell populations in 5 large thyroid cancer bulk RNA-sequencing cohorts. Through this multi-institutional effort, we defined a population of POSTN+ myofibroblast cancer-associated fibroblasts (myCAFs) that are intimately associated with invasive tumor cells and correlate with poor prognosis, lymph node metastasis, and disease progression in thyroid carcinoma. We also revealed a population of inflammatory CAFs that are distant to tumor cells and are found in the inflammatory stromal microenvironment of autoimmune thyroiditis. Together, our study provides spatial profiling of thyroid cancer evolution in samples with mixed WDTC/ATC histopathology and identifies a prognostic myCAF subtype with potential clinical utility in predicting aggressive disease in both children and adults.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland with chondroid, osteoid, and marocellular metaplasia of the stroma, associated with Hashimoto's lymphocytic thyroiditis].

Anaplastic, mostly spindle-cellular, carcinoma of the thyroid gland was diagnosed bioptically in a 65-year-old woman. Necroptically it was found that the carcinoma was associated with Hashimoto's lymphocytic thyroiditis. In the hitherto-differentiated carcinomatous parts the papillary component prevailed and the original lymphocytic stromal infiltration was in evidence here. In the anaplastic parts isolated macrocellular elements occurred and, in some places, also chondroid and osteoid structures, especially the structures of macrocellular bone tumor character. These structures were entirely missing in the distant metastases and were, therefore, evaluated as a stromal nontumorous metaplastic process.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland. An ultrastructural study on four cases.

Four cases of anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid, composed of one small cell carcinoma and three giant cell carcinomas, were studied with electron microscope. In the case of small cell carcinoma, fine cytoplasmic interdigitations and junctional complex between apposing cytoplasmic membranes of neighbouring tumor cells and a few microlumina within tumor cell clusters surrounded by well-defined basal lamina were seen. In the cases of giant cell carcinoma, occasional cytoplasmic interdigitations as well as desmosomal structures were detected even in tumor cells markedly pleomorphic and anaplastic. Abundant cytoplasmic organelles including profiles of Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum and a few mitochondria were seen in the cytoplasm of tumor cell of all four cases. Of interest to note was that all giant cell carcinomas demonstrated evidences of fairly well differentiated tumor within anaplastic carcinoma, indicating probable pre-existing either benign or malignant epithelial neoplasm more differentiated, with its subsequent anaplastic transformation. Findings in the present study support an assumption that these anaplastic tumors are derived from the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. In addition, it can be said that tumor cells of the small cell carcinoma provide evidences suggesting functional differentiation of carcinoma cells to a certain extent, yet unable to produce thyroglobulin.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid: a review of 84 cases of spindle and giant cell carcinoma of the thyroid.

Eighty-four cases of spindle and giant cell carcinoma of the thyroid were reviewed. This is a swiftly growing, and rapidly fatal neoplasm that generally develops in the elderly. Treatment of this disease was generally unsuccessful with a 7.1% five-year survival rate and a mean survival period of 6.2 months from the time of tissue diagnosis. In the majority of cases, areas of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma could be identified, supporting the concept that spindle and giant cell carcinoma results from the transformation of preexisting well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Because of the aggressive biologic activity of this neoplasm, we treat all cases as disseminated disease at the time of presentation. Our best therapeutic results have been obtained with a combination of surgery, irradiation, and chemotherapy; however, these results still leave much to be desired. Patients with only small foci of spindle and giant cell carcinoma, at the time of diagnosis, may have a better chance of prolonged survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Giant cell type.

This report presents a rare histological variation of medullary (C-cell) carcinoma of the thyroid, referred to as giant cell type, which is similar to that found in anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid, or choriocarcinoma. The giant cells in this case possessed specific immunofluorescence for calcitonin and secretory granules in the cytoplasm. The giant cells were tumor cells of medullary carcinoma and could be distinguished from anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid by various histological characteristics, such as nuclear invagination, an intermingled pattern of giant cells with typical small solid cells, infrequency of mitosis, and the existence of amyloid stroma.

Carcinoma↗