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Treating the avulsed tooth.
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Current concepts in the treatment of the avulsed tooth.
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The avulsed tooth: varying concepts, techniques and appliances used in its treatment.
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Management of tooth avulsion in the school setting.
Tooth avulsion is a widespread problem for school nurses and school health care personnel. Over two million teeth are avulsed every year in the United States, often during school activities. Almost all avulsed teeth can be saved if stored properly and then replanted by a dentist. All of the known methods and devices for the storage, preservation, and transportation of avulsed teeth are reviewed in this article. Based on this review, specific recommendations are made to the school nurse for saving avulsed teeth.
Endodontic management of the avulsed tooth and tooth transplantation.
The major causes of post-transplantation tooth loss following tooth replacement after avulsion (exarticulation) and surgical replacement of impacted maxillary canines (auto-transplantation) are inflammatory root resorption and replacement resorption (ankylosis). This paper attempts to outline the treatment and management of replanted teeth using the current philosophies of splinting, endodontic therapy and the use of calcium hydroxide in the re-attachment of the periodontal ligament (PDL). Clinical research during the past 20 years has provided sufficient information for the development and establishment of a rational and effective program of treatment.
Self-replantation of an avulsed tooth: 30-year follow-up.
A 42-year-old man had been previously hit in the mouth when he was 12 years old, and the upper left central incisor was completely avulsed. The patient immediately replanted the tooth and did not seek any dental treatment. After 28 years he noticed discoloration and abscess formation. Root canal treatment was performed, and the tooth has remained in a stable, functional position.
Emergency treatment for tooth avulsion.
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Inhalation of an avulsed primary tooth.
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Rationale and treatment of an avulsed permanent tooth.
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Preserving avulsed teeth for replantation.
We performed a retrospective study of 34 replanted avulsed teeth placed in an EPTS before replantation. Even when extraoral time was 120 minutes or more, 91 percent of the teeth showed excellent or moderate success for follow-up periods ranging from three to 30 months. We think that the success of a replanted avulsed tooth is increased by use of a prefabricated tooth preserving and protecting system as described.
Milk as storage medium for exarticulated teeth: report of case.
In Scandinavia, traumatic dental injuries can usually be treated professionally within a few hours. A fourteen-year-old boy suffered an avulsed tooth while playing basketball. Despite an extraoral period of more than twelve hours, a functional PDL survived.
Six-year histology of an avulsed molar reimplanted in a hydroxyapatite augmented socket: a case report.
This case report deals with the histologic examination of an avulsed tooth that was reimplanted in a socket where a distal root defect was augmented with hydroxyapatite. The 6-year results showed a "repair" type of connective tissue attachment. There were areas of ankylosis present on the distal root above an area of prior cystic debridement. The hydroxyapatite particles present demonstrated biocompatibility and encapsulation by new bone growth. There was a longer junctional epithelium present on the distal root than on its mesial counterpart. Histology of the distal root demonstrated fibrous repair, ankylosis, and osseous formation around the hydroxyapatite particles. This type of result was not apparent on the mesial root, devoid of hydroxyapatite, where a "splicing" type of healing occurred in the periodontal ligament.
Replantation of a maxillary canine tooth after traumatic avulsion in a dog.
An infrequent traumatic injury in dogs is avulsion of a tooth from its alveolus. The management of the avulsed tooth is complex. This report describes the treatment of a traumatically avulsed maxillary canine tooth in a dog. Replantation and splinting of the tooth was performed. Despite a protracted extraoral time, follow up clinical and radiographic assessment of the tooth indicated successful replantation.
Eleven-year follow-up of tooth replantation.
An 11-year clinical and radiographic follow-up of an avulsed tooth, replanted within 15 minutes, has been presented. The periodontal membrane can be traced around the replanted central incisor, indicating the tooth is not ankylosed and is functionally attached. It is not anchored immutably to the bone. The tooth has responded dynamically to growth and development of the maxilla and now abuts and aligns well with the other teeth in the arch.
Lay and professional knowledge of methods for emergency management of avulsed teeth.
Proper treatment during the first 30 minutes offers the best prognosis for traumatically avulsed teeth. This study sought to determine both lay people's and dental professionals' knowledge of and attitude to emergency procedures. A 12-question survey was administered to 5 groups: (a) parents of learner swimmers and (b) coaches of college sports teams (lay); (c) State Dental Nurses, (d) dentists and (e) dental nurse/receptionists (professional). Respondents totalled 184 (a 32, b 86, c 24, d 18, e 24) i.e. 118 lay and 66 professional. Data revealed that group b had the greatest personal experience of avulsed teeth and groups c and e the least. Public hospital accident and emergency services (A & E) were perceived by all groups as most available. 18% of lay groups could not cite an emergency service. Lay people thought first of A & E for management whereas profession groups preferred the victim's own dentist. Most professional people would replant avulsed permanent teeth and about 1/3 would replant deciduous teeth: 1/2 lay people would replant permanent teeth and 1/8 deciduous teeth. Where treatment was not straightforward lay people would seek advice before acting. Half of the lay groups would transport an avulsed tooth dry. All the professionals had had advice on management of avulsed teeth but only 1/4 of the lay groups. This study highlighted the need for educational campaigns aimed at members of the lay public likely to be involved in the emergency management of traumatically avulsed teeth.