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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Mechanisms of injury in unilateral testis torsion.

We investigated the mechanisms of injury involved in unilateral testis torsion as well as the interventional effects of orchiectomy at 48 h and immunosuppression with corticosteroids in rats. Torsion was associated with abnormal contralateral testis histology and raised antilymphocytes and antisperm antibody titers. Both orchiectomy and steroid administration lessened these findings, suggesting that an immunological process underlies the abnormality seen in this experiment model.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Color Doppler ultrasound in newborn testis torsion.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasound in evaluating the newborn with suspected antenatal testis torsion. METHODS: Nine newborns with 10 antenatally torsed testes were examined using color Doppler and gray-scale ultrasound. RESULTS: Each examination revealed lack of intratesticular blood flow on the affected side and normal flow within the contralateral testis. In addition, gray-scale sonographic architecture of the affected testes appeared to reflect the duration of in utero torsion. CONCLUSIONS: Color Doppler sonography accurately assesses intratesticular blood flow in newborns with antenatal testis torsion and offers interesting details.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

A rare simultaneous presentation of testicular mixed germ cell tumor with a contralateral testis torsion.

We report a rare case of a 27-year-old man presenting with an acute scrotum with simultaneous occurrence of testicular tumor and contralateral torsion. Preoperative imaging demonstrated the testicular missed torsion, yet findings were equivocal with regard to the testicular tumor. On scrotal exploration the left testis was found to be ischemic due to threefold rotation. The right testis was not identifiable, being composed of numerous necrotic lesions. Frozen section suggested malignancy, hence high right orchiectomy was performed. Histologic examination of the right testis showed mixed germ cell tumor, containing all the subtypes. To our knowledge no similar case has been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Torsion of the testis.

Torsion of the testis demands early diagnosis and urgent operative treatment. This study of all patients with torsion of the testis who were admitted to The Prince of Wales Children's Hospital, The Prince of Wales Hospital and The Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney, between 1965 and 1987, reinforces the need for urgent diagnosis and treatment and evaluates the diagnostic value of the sign of the contralateral horizontal testis. One hundred and thirty-one patients were studied; the majority was in the adolescent age-group. If operation were delayed beyond 24 hours without spontaneous relief of the symptoms or manipulative detorsion being performed, then at follow-up 5.5% of testes were normal; however, if operation were performed within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms, 90% of testes were normal at follow-up. In all cases in which it was sought, the sign of the contralateral horizontal testis was found, which confirms the bilaterality of the condition and that a high investment of the tunica vaginalis predisposes to torsion of the testis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Traumatic torsion of the testis.

Torsion of the testis is a common urological emergency. Blunt scrotal trauma also may precipitate an emergency. We recently treated 2 adolescent boys in whom blunt scrotal trauma induced testicular torsion. A retrospective review of the charts of 138 patients explored for acute scrotal pain at our hospital revealed a history of scrotal trauma in 3 of 57 patients (5 per cent) with testicular torsion and 7 of 73 (10 per cent) with torsion of the testicular appendages. The possibility of torsion must be considered in cases of scrotal trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Torsion of undescended testis.

Torsion of an undescended testis is uncommon. When encountered, this entity represents a surgical emergency and must be dealt with immediately. A report of 2 cases, one in a five-month-old child and the other in a twelve-year-old mentally retarded child, is made and the pertinent literature is reviewed.

Child↗
PubMed1980

[Doppler sonography in the differential diagnosis of scrotal lesions (author's transl)].

Physical examination, body temperature, leukocytes count in blood and urine, and the evaluation of blood flow on the affected side were registered preoperatively in 46 patients with an acute scrotum. Operations revealed four different diagnoses: torsion of testis, torsion of appendix testis, torsion of testis erroneously diagnosed as epididymitis, and epididymitis. Synopsis of all preoperative findings makes an explorative operation rarely necessary. Possible conservative treatment of torsion of appendix testis is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

The effect of testicular torsion on contralateral testis and the production of antisperm antibodies in rabbits.

It has been previously shown that unilateral testis torsion can cause disruptive anatomic changes in the contralateral testis of rats. This study was conducted to duplicate these findings in rabbits and analyze their serum for the production of the immunoglobulin G class of antisperm antibodies and determine whether the proposed immune response demonstrated by contralateral anatomic testis changes was mediated by these antibodies. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 8 groups. One had a sham operation, 1 had testis biopsy, 3 groups had ligation of the right testicular vessels with subsequent orchiectomy in 2 groups at 36 and 72 hours, and 3 groups had 720-degree torsion of the right testis. Half of the animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks and the other half after 8 weeks. Contralateral histology was analyzed in all rabbits and only those with torsion showed abnormal tubular architecture and defective spermatogenesis. Detorsion at 36 hours and 96 hours did not protect against contralateral testis damage. No animal whose vessels were ligated, no matter what treatment protocol was employed, showed contralateral damage. All rabbit sera were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G antiserum antibodies against a control rabbit that was a known antibody former, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique. No experimental animal had detectable levels of antisperm immunoglobulin G when compared to controls. Three male rabbits who were converted to antisperm antibody formers by injection of sperm did not show anatomic changes in their testes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Torsion of testis in Nigerians.

Torsion in a black population is presented. The clinical features are the same as the white counterpart, but the mean age is, however, much higher. There is no bias against any side of testis. Physicians are to blame for the poor salvage rate. Gangrenous testes should not be conserved and early diagnosis and treatment remain the only means of saving torted testis. Prophylactic fixation of contralateral testis is mandatory and must not be postponed. External manual detorsion is not a substitute for surgery and should not remove the sense of emergency. Relevant pathology, the mechanism of torsion and differential diagnosis are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effect of experimental torsion of the spermatic cord on sustentacular cells in the guinea-pig testis.

Torsion of the spermatic cord is not an extremely rare occurrence among prepubertal and adolescent boys. Although it is known that torsion of the spermatic cord may lead to germ cell degeneration in the affected as well as in the contralateral testis, nothing is known regarding the response of sustentacular cells to this condition. During the present investigation, we studied the effect of experimental torsion on the sustentacular cells of guinea pig testes. Light-microscopic examination revealed that, although all types of germ cells, except a few spermatogonia, were degenerated in the guinea pig testes with torsion, sustentacular cells did not degenerate. This observation was confirmed from the quantitation data which indicated that the number of these cells remained unchanged when compared to the control and/or the contralateral testis of the same animal with unilateral torsion. Therefore, sustentacular cells of the damaged testis from guinea pigs can be used as reference cells for germ cell quantitation. The striking ultrastructural change in the sustentacular cells of damaged testes was characterized by the presence of well-developed annulate lamellae, which was not reported before in any other rodent species. Lobulated nuclei, numerous tight junctional complexes and lysosomes were other characteristic features of the sustentacular cells of damaged testes.

Animals↗