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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cardiac life support training: the Ministry of Health's experience.

This study reviews the records of all cardiac life support training courses conducted at the Ministry of Health's Life Support Training Centre situated in Singapore General Hospital over a six period from 1985 to 1990. A total of 1,789 persons were trained in Basic Life Support (BCLS), 65 as BCLS Instructors, 267 in Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS), 276 in Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC) and 24 in Emergency Cardiac Defibrillation (ECD). These courses have involved a total of 1111 doctors, 1248 nurses and 62 ancillary staff. At the end of the course, 90.7% of those learning BCLS agreed that they would use their CPR skills, if required. Only 60% felt they would use mouth-to-mouth ventilation. Of 415 who expressed an interest in becoming instructors, 15.7% have, to-date, been trained. While more than 80% of persons learning, ACLS were doctors, only 25% of these were willing to instruct. There are currently 14 ACLS instructors. The ECC courses were modified from the ACLS course and taught to Emergency Room doctors only. It was found to be immensely popular with 98% expressing benefit. The ECD programme trained emergency ambulance nurses in the use of semi-automatic electrical defibrillators. The marked increased in yearning for cardiac life support skills amongst medical and nursing staff has been a major factor in the proliferation of life support training programmes at the Centre. Nurturing this enthusiasm is the key to ensuring that the programmes continue to expand for the benefit of both inpatients and the out-of-hospital lay public.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1978

Life-support training in high-density population centers.

Death and disability from ischemic heart disease, trauma, and other medical emergencies may be reduced significantly by developing an Emergency Medical Services system based on training for the nonmedical population in basic life-support skills; this is particularly appropriate in high-density population centers where professional response time is complicated by confestion and traffic. A pilot project in New York City, which designed and implemented a first-response capability for medical emergencies in corporations, using employees in a system congruent with the fire warden plans in effect, was completed in May 1977. To obtain an initial assessment of the medical impact of such training and the effectiveness of such a medical emergency response system during the pilot phase, The Regional Emergency Medical Services Council of New York City, Inc., obtained reports from the 24 participating corporations on all reported medical and surgical emergencies occurring in the working environment. The authors conclude that this approach to development of a first response-capability can provide an effective community base for an effective Emergency Medical Services system in urban areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The association of advanced life support training and decreased per capita trauma death rates: an analysis of 12,417 trauma deaths.

This study identified a number of significant predictors of per capita county trauma mortality rates: rurality, percentage nonwhite population, percentage unemployment, and Advanced Life Support (ALS) versus Basic Life Support (BLS) status. Of these, ALS versus BLS status is not only the most significant independent predictor, it is the only predictor readily amenable to change. The aspects of ALS clearly associated with decreased trauma death rates should be identified and, if possible, undergo widespread implementation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The pediatric nurse practitioner: origins and challenges.

During the past decade, a new health professional has evolved--the pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP). Responding to warnings of a shortage of primary care physicians, the American Academy of Pediatrics helped encourage programs to train PNPs who would provide well-child care, working under a physician's supervision. Simultaneously, in response to changing attitudes by and toward nurses, the American Nurses' Association expressed support for the expanded role of nurses in direct patient care functions--an expansion that would supplement other new academic programs in advancing the status of nursing as an interdependent, rather than subsidiary, health profession. Although mutually aiming at improvements in health care, both professions thus acted with different motivations and goals that have produced ongoing conflicts. These conflicts have been intensified by the absence of long-range planning in federal programs that have supported training for nurse practitioners. This paper summarizes the history of the PNP movement and the unresolved problems created by this new health professional.

American Medical Association↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medicare-Medicaid reimbursement policies: report of a study conducted by the Institute of Medicine.

On contract with the Social Security Administration, a special steering committee of the institute of Medicine was appointed to (1) study and report on equitable methods of reimbursement for physician's services under Titles 18 and 19 in teaching hospitals; (2) determine to what extent funds from the act are supporting training in specialties in excess supply; (3) determine how funds could be expended to support a more rational distribution of physician manpower both geographically and by specialty; (4) determine the extent these federal funds are being used to encourage teaching programs attracting disproportionate numbers of foreign medical graduates; and (5) determine the extent to which these funds are expended to meet the salaries of interns and residents. Ninety-six hospitals were field studied and 1,400 hospitals studied by questionnaire. These studies have now been completed and reports forwarded to Congress, the Health, Education and Welfare Department (HEW), and the Social Security Administration.

Fees, Medical↗
PubMed2026

Organizational bullying among nursing faculty: A systematic review of consequences, contributing factors, and interventions.

BACKGROUND: Organizational bullying among nursing faculty is a systemic and pervasive issue with profound psychological, professional, and institutional consequences. Despite increasing awareness, the literature remains fragmented, and a comprehensive synthesis is lacking. METHODS: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and examined empirical studies on organizational bullying among nursing faculty, with no date restrictions applied. A structured search across five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase) identified studies that met inclusion criteria related to the consequences, contributing factors, and interventions. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess study quality. RESULTS: Fifteen studies meeting the quality threshold were included. Organizational bullying was consistently associated with psychological distress (e.g., anxiety, depression, burnout, suicidal ideation), professional disengagement, and intent to leave. Contributing factors were categorized into structural and organizational (e.g., hierarchical power imbalances, toxic workplace culture), managerial and HR-related (e.g., lack of leadership support, poor reporting mechanisms), and individual/social (e.g., gender or ethnic discrimination, early-career vulnerability). Intervention strategies identified included policy reforms, leadership training, supportive reporting systems, and psychological support services, though evidence on their effectiveness remains limited. CONCLUSIONS: Organizational bullying in nursing academia is a serious and multifaceted challenge with detrimental effects on individuals and institutions. Addressing it requires a comprehensive, evidence-based approach that includes structural reforms, leadership development, and psychosocial support systems. Academic institutions must prioritize the creation of safe, inclusive, and respectful environments to retain faculty and sustain the quality of nursing education.

Faculty, Nursing↗
PubMed2026

Photobiomodulation as an Adjunct to Resistance Training in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been proposed as an adjunct to resistance training to enhance strength adaptations; however, findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) remain inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate whether adjunctive PBM improves maximal strength gains when combined with periodized resistance training in older adults. METHODS: RCTs were identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PEDro, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI from inception to January 2026. Eligible studies examined PBM delivered via low-level laser therapy or light-emitting diodes in combination with resistance training or other strength-oriented loading tasks. Prespecified meta-analyses were restricted to trials combining PBM with periodized resistance training that reported one-repetition maximum (1RM) outcomes; other studies were included in a narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Eleven RCTs (n = 456) were included. Five trials (PBM plus resistance training: n = 74; control: n = 72) met the criteria for meta-analysis. PBM combined with resistance training did not significantly improve maximal muscle strength compared with sham PBM (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.59; p = 0.14; I2 = 4%). Subgroup analyses showed a nonsignificant trend favoring PBM for unilateral 1RM, with no effect for bilateral outcomes and no significant subgroup differences. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the unilateral effect was dependent on individual studies. In nonresistance training contexts, some studies reported potential benefits for fatigue-, recovery-, or function-related outcomes, particularly in frail or critically ill older adults, although findings were inconsistent. CONCLUSION: Current evidence does not demonstrate a clear additional benefit of PBM on maximal strength when combined with resistance training in older adults, although a small effect cannot be excluded. PBM may have selective value in improving recovery-related outcomes and supporting training tolerance in vulnerable populations. Larger, well-designed RCTs are needed to clarify its role.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Role of the medical auxiliary in the control of sexually transmitted disease in a developing country.

Venereal diseases are becoming a major health problem in many developing countries where the greater part of primary medical care is undertaken by medical auxiliaries. Under these circumstances, the medical auxiliary has an important role to play in the control of these diseases but he can only do this with adequate training, support, and supervision from the professional doctors and specialists. In this paper, the role of the medical auxiliary is outlined and a case is also made for a specially-trained cadre for venereal disease work in busy urban clinics in developing countries.

Africa↗
PubMed1991

The needs of developing countries and the resources required.

Nosocomial infections in developing countries represent a major public health problem that is not universally recognized. In Latin America rates for nosocomial infections range from 10 to 26% with a severe impact on morbidity and mortality and a consequent economic burden. The fundamental needs are: (1) to recognize the importance of this problem; (2) to modify the attitude of government authorities in the sense that hospital care could be improved; (3) to teach medical personnel the importance of infection control at the beginning of their training; and (4) to increase the awareness of the population of its right to better health care. From an international point of view we should establish the following guidelines: (1) the World Health Organisation should establish a worldwide programme on nosocomial infections; (2) medical and nursing schools should include regular courses on infection control; (3) international organizations should support training and research programmes in developing countries, focusing on the regional needs for infection control.

Cross Infection↗