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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Host defense against opportunist microorganisms following trauma. II. Changes in complement and immunoglobulins in patients with abdominal trauma and in septic patients without trauma.

Total hemolytic complement (CH50), conversion of C3 by inulin and cobra venom factor (CoVF), and immunochemical levels of Clq, C4, C2, C3, C5, factor B, properdin, C3b inactivator (KAF), and immunoglobulins (Igs) G, A, and M were measured in the sera of ten patients with abdominal trauma and ten medical patients with septicemia without trauma. Reduction in C3 conversion by CoVF and decrease in the levels of properdin and KAF were demonstrated in the trauma sera. CH50 and the level of C5 were also decreased. Conversion of C3 by inulin and levels of factor B, Clq, C4, C2, and C3 were found to be normal in the patients' sera. Complement levels and activities were found to be normal in the sera of the septic non-trauma patients. A decrease in serum IgM was observed in both patient groups; levels of IgG and IgA were normal. These results indicated that abnormalities of immunoglobulin and of the alternative and classical complement pathways were associated with nonburn trauma. Moreover, the data suggested that consumption of the classical complement pathway associated with septicemia in the thermally injured patient resulted from synergism between the trauma and infection rather than from septicemia per se.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1978

Symposium on trauma for the general surgeon. 1. An accident health care program: the organization and development of regional trauma units.

Fifteen thousand deaths, 3 million hospital bed--days and billions of dollars per year are the cost of dealing with accidents in Canada. Our present methods of caring for the seriously injured need revision. The available data on accidents, although extensive, are not sufficiently complete to allow clear definition of the Canadian accident profile. We are unable to explain why Canadians are subject to a 25% greater risk of motor vehicle accidents than are Americans. The development of a Canadian accident health care delivery and audit system is proposed that would provide an improved standard of health care and supply a data base for the advancement of effective programs for accident prevention. The system would include radio-equipped ambulance stations strategically located between regional trauma units, which would be equipped to care for the majority of injured patients. Those severely injured patients who could not be handled by the regional trauma units would be transferred to comprehensive trauma units established in the major referral centres. A trauma registry set up in every province would collect data on each patient and accident to provide an accurate provincial accident profile and a national trauma institute would correlate provincial data.

Accidents↗
PubMed1979

Experience with a simplified trauma registry: profile of trauma at a university hospital.

A simplified computer-based trauma registry system with well-defined limits of data capture is presented. This registry was utilized to describe the profile of trauma at a university hospital. In 1 year there were 882 trauma victims hospitalized, with an overall mortality of 3.3%. The majority of the patients had relatively minor injuries, primarily involving soft tissue and bone. Severe multiple trauma was associated with a significant mortality. Intracranial or intra-abdominal injuries occurred in less than 10% of the patients. Transport accidents, falls, and assaults were the cause of injury in 70%. Key access to specific information about the trauma patient population demonstrated the potential of the registry system. The advantages and limitations of the registry are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Abdominal trauma with special reference to hepatic trauma.

Of 882 patients admitted over a 6-year period to the adult trauma service at the Health Sciences Centre in Winnipeg, 325 (37%) suffered from abdominal trauma; 241 (74%) sustained a blunt injury and 84 (26%) a penetrating wound. Laparotomy is indicated when there is evidence of intra-abdominal hemorrhage, perforation of a viscus or penetration of the peritoneum. Peritoneal lavage is extremely useful in the diagnosis of intra-abdominal bleeding; it was used in 79 cases among which were four false-positive and two false-negative results. Fifty-six cases of hepatic injury were treated; 43 of these were caused by blunt trauma. Temporary packing and drainage sufficed as treatment in many of these patients but the placing of suture-ligatures at exposed bleeding points is often called for. Resection of hepatic tissue was required in 10 cases and ligation of the right hepatic artery in 2. Of the seven deaths in the series only one was attributed to the liver injury itself.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1975

Strens, traumas, and trauma resolution.

With both primary and early secondary prevention in mind, this investigation sought to answer several basic questions regarding the resolution of traumas and their conversion into strens - growth-potentiating experiences. College volunteers (N = 40) described in detail their significant positive and negative experiences. The results indicate that many people did experience a trauma that was converted into a stren, and the resolution appeared to be primarily a cognitive process, usually done by the subject himself, and it most frequently occurred between 2 weeks and 4 months after the precipitating event.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

The extent of muscle tissue damage following missile trauma one, six and twelve hours after the infliction of trauma, studied by the current method of debridement.

Spherical missiles with velocities around 1000 m/s were used to inflict missile trauma to one thigh of pigs. The determination of the impact and exit velocities made it possible to calculate the extent of energy transferred to the tissue. About one third of the pigs were treated surgically within one hour after the trauma, one third after a delay of 6 hours and one third after 12 hours. The surgical procedure consisted of debriding muscle tissue which showed impaired contractility and/or consistency and discoloration and/or lack of capillary bleeding - the current criteria of non-viability. The amount of debrided muscle tissue from each wound was weighed and the amount of debrided muscle tissue per joule transferred to the tissue was calculated. As compared to operations performed within one hour the average of the debrided muscle tissue per joule was greater after 6 hours delay and even still greater after 12 hours. However, the difference between the averages after 6 and 12 hours were not statistically significant.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical picture of cranio-cerebral trauma combined with trauma to the cervical region of the spine].

On the basis of 60 observations the peculiarites of clinical manifestations of skull-brain injuries combined with trauma of the cervical vertebrae are described. It is demonstrated that in such cases the syndrome of the cerebral lesion often plays the leading part, masking the symptoms of the spinal cord injury. The disorders in circulation in the vertebral-basilar system due to the compression of the vertebral artery canal by the dislodged fragments, its thrombosis, and irritation of the periarterial sympathetic plexus are of importance in the genesis of the developing syndrome in the rombencephalic portion of the brain. In the mechanism of vestibular disorders a certain place belongs, apart from the direct traumatization of the rombencephalic portion and circulation disorders in the vertebral-basilar system, to injuries of the vestibulospinal pathways. The autonomous-visceral pathology observed in cases of cervical injuries can be attributed to the direct effect of the trauma upon the segmental innervation appratus of the heart, diaphragm, thorax.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Cerebral trauma - psychological trauma? Study of 47 children with medulloblastoma and their follow-up].

47 Children with medulloblastoma who were treated between 1954 and 1974 were studied. The parents and children were interviewed regularly with their medical attendants to estimate the contribution of the organic disease, the psychological factors and the environment on their intellectual performance and their personalities. In the assessment, allowance was made for their age, clinical history, and social and scholastic background. The analysis helped in the choice of the most appropriate psychological support. The difficulties of social re-adjustment cannot be solely due to the brain tumour or its sequelae. The parents have to forget their idealised image of their child, who never existed and who never will, so that they can give the child a new start and enjoy life without fear of death. In this distressing exercise, the extent of the emotional trauma becomes obvious.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Grave cranio-cerebral trauma 30 years ago as cause of the brain glioma at the locus of the trauma particulars of the case.

A glioblastoma multiforma developed 30 years after a penetrating craniocerebral injury in the left parietal region caused by fragments of an artillery projectile. The 3 cm large bone defect was located directly above the tumour. There were close scarry connections between dura, brain and tumour. Partial removal could not prevent the lethal exitus. Causal connection with the accident is assumed to exist.

Brain Injuries↗