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Results for “UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute”

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11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

An evaluation of the Johnson Behavioural System Model of Nursing.

In this paper the authors evaluate the Johnson Behavioural System Model of Nursing by applying the assessment criteria described in an earlier paper. Data for the evaluation were collected by one of the authors (W.R.) at the UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital, and the UCLA School of Nursing, Los Angeles. The major focus of this paper relates to how nurses at the above facilities apply the Johnson Behavioural System Model of Nursing and how that relates to the questions posed in a previous paper which should be asked by clinicians when assessing the relevance of a model to clinical nursing practice: namely, (a) to what extent does the model assist with the identification of the range of human responses to actual or potential health problems? (b) How does the model enable a nursing diagnosis to be made, and what is the basis of that diagnosis? (c) Does the model explain why individuals respond to health problems in the way that they do? (d) Does the model inform clinicians of the nursing interventions required to enable the client to move towards optimum health? (e) Does the model help to provide an understanding of the desired outcome of nursing intervention?

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Occupational role history: a screening tool for psychiatric occupational therapy.

Psychiatric hospitalization has become telescoped, thus focusing on short-term acute care. Since discharge plans are needed on admission, occupational therapists must evaluate the patient quickly and succinctly. A screening tool was developed as a preliminary device to identify critical information in two major areas: patterns of skills and achievement or patterns of dysfunction in past and current occupational role; and the degree of balance or imbalance between leisure activities and those activities associated with occupational role. The screening tool, the Occupational Role History, was used in a pilot study on 20 adult inpatients at the UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute. The results of the pilot study suggest that this tool is useful in establishing treatment priorities from an occupational therapy perspective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Suicide potential and behavior in children ages 4 to 12.

From a population of 662 children 12 years of age and under, seen at the UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute, during the years 1970 to 1974, 34 severely depressed children were identified who were also self-abusive and/or suicidal. Case study revealed fragmented, pathological homes, where the children's affect disorders and behaviors were symptomatic of acute family breakdown, marital disharmony, and observed and experienced violence, both verbal and physical. Follow-up on all available children, at least three years posttreatment, revealed that no child had committed suicide. Treatment evaluation by the parents was highly positive, with the great majority of children showing fair to good recovery and adjustment.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1996

Cerebral blood flow correlates of apathy in Alzheimer disease.

BACKGROUND: Apathy is a pervasive noncognitive neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer disease, which causes significant caregiver distress. The neuroanatomical substrate of apathy is not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow and the presence and severity of the personality disturbance, apathy, in individuals with Alzheimer disease. DESIGN: Analysis of the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow as measured by single photon emission computed tomography and severity of apathy as measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory using an analysis of variance design. We examined regional cerebral perfusion alterations as measured by xenon 133Xecalibrated technetium Tc 99m hexamethyl-propyleneamine-oxime single photon emission computed tomography in relation to the presence and severity of apathy. SETTING: The neurology clinics of the University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine, and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one community-dwelling patients fulfilling National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association diagnostic criteria for probable Alzheimer disease who had a single photon computed tomographic scan performed within 3 months of administration of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. RESULTS: The presence of apathy was associated with more severe prefrontal and anterior temporal dysfunction. These regional cerebral perfusion relationships with apathy were independent of cognitive decline except in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate the association of apathetic syndromes with prefrontal and anterior temporal regional brain dysfunction and are consistent with similar findings previously reported in other disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Frequency of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in a community outreach sample of Hispanics.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementia types in a community sample of Hispanics. DESIGN: This is a descriptive diagnostic study of a nonrandom community outreach sample utilizing established criteria for the diagnosis of dementia type. Recruitment involved direct community outreach with diagnostic evaluations conducted at a university-affiliated outpatient clinic. SETTING: Hispanic Neuropsychiatric and Memory Research Clinic at the Olive View-UCLA Medical Center in Sylmar, California. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred community-dwelling Hispanics age 55 and older without prior diagnosis or treatment of their cognitive symptoms. MEASUREMENTS: Each subject underwent a complete medical diagnostic evaluation, in Spanish, including neuropsychological tests, neurological examination, laboratory tests, and brain imaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) to establish dementia type. Presence of dementia was established according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. Diagnosis for probable or possible AD and vascular dementia (VascD) was established using criteria from the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association for probable AD and by research criteria from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences for VascD, respectively. Frontotemporal dementia was diagnosed using recommendations set forth by the Lund and Manchester groups. RESULTS: Subjects were poor, with low acculturation levels despite long years of U.S. residence. Forty percent of subjects had had undiagnosed cognitive symptoms for 3 or more years. Of those demented, 38.5% had AD and 38.5% met criteria for VascD. The best predictors of VascD were hypertension and cerebrovascular disease, whereas apolipoprotein E4 allele best predicted AD. Other forms of dementia were also present. Twenty percent of the sample was clinically depressed but not demented. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with data from predominantly white populations, our proportion of AD cases was lower and that of VascD cases was considerably higher than anticipated. The percentage of clinically depressed older individuals was also high. These findings could have implications for differential cultural and genetic risk factors for dementia among diverse ethnic/racial groups. Further studies are needed to obtain accurate prevalence estimates of dementing disorders among the different U.S. Hispanic populations.

Aged↗