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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Comparative developmental aspects of selected organ systems. II. Gastrointestinal and urogenital systems.

A brief description of the basic patterns of mammalian organogenesis of the gastrointestinal and urogenital systems is presented based on events as they occur in human beings. The emphasis is not on the details of this development, but rather on its organization and timing, with tables of comparative development providing a comparison of similar events in man, rat, mouse, and chick.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Lymphomas of the urogenital system. Review of the entirety and report of 2 cases with testicular localization].

Lymphomas comprise a group of diseases of the lymphoreticular system arising from any of the cellular elements of lymph nodes, but they can also affect other organs or systems such as the urogenital system. This is the normal process, but there exist some diseases diagnosed as lymphomas within the urogenital system with no evidence of generalized involvement that are classified as primary lymphomas. We analyzed the different urogenital tract organs that may be affected, with special reference to the most interesting aspects of this pathology. Furthermore, two cases of testicular lymphoma are described. In one of them, testicular involvement was the presenting feature of lymphomatosis. The other case was a patient with a diagnosed prostatic adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis was made on the pathological findings of the orchidectomy specimen. The outcome was poor in both cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Tissue-specific expression of murine Nkx3.1 in the male urogenital system.

The molecular mechanisms involved in growth and morphogenesis of the mammalian urogenital system are largely undefined. In this study, we describe the cloning and characterization of a novel murine homeobox gene, Nkx3.1, which is expressed in the male urogenital system during late embryogenesis and adulthood. We show that Nkx3.1 encodes a 38 kDa homeoprotein that has DNA binding properties similar to those of other Nkx family members. By RNAse protection analysis, we demonstrate that Nkx3.1 is expressed in late-gestation embryos and adults by tissues of the male urogenital system, including the testis, seminal vesicle, and the prostate. In adult males, expression of Nkx3.1 in the prostate increases during sexual maturation, and is significantly reduced following castration, suggesting that androgens are required for maintenance of Nkx3.1 expression. In situ hybridization analysis of mid- and late-gestation male embryos shows that Nkx3.1 is expressed in the developing urogenital sinus, testis, and prostatic buds. In addition to its expression in the urogenital system, we also find that Nkx3.1 is expressed in the dorsal aorta and kidney. These results implicate Nkx3.1 in the growth and development of the prostate and/or other tissues of the male urogenital system, and suggest that Nkx3.1 may play a role in sexually dimorphic as well as non-sexually dimorphic organogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Virological studies of malignant tumours of the urogenital system.

Tumours of the urogenital system were investigated to clarify an eventual virus-tumour connection. From 105 tumours virus antigens were found in 57 cases by immunofluorescent method, mainly with serum raised against the oncogenic type 12 adenovirus. Virus antigens were also present in peripheral lymphocytes of some patients. Occasionally electron microscopy revealed adeno-, herpes and C-type virus particles. In patient sera, antiviral antibodies were shown often and in high titre especially against adenovirus type 12 early non-virion antigens. Herpesvirus antigens were found in 6 cases among 40 prostate hypertrophy control patients, and in 2 among 15 non-tumourous specimens.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Injuries of the urogenital system].

War injuries of the urogenital system present serious injuries accompanied with significant morbidity and mortality as well as causing high degree of later disablement. The paper presents our experiences and basic directions in treating urogenital injuries especially those penetrating and inflicted by high velocity missiles. Thirteen patients with urogenital injuries have been operated on and that makes 4% of all war injuries treated at KBC-Rebro hospital. Among the total number of abdominal injuries those urological make a considerable share--as high as 21% and that could be the consequence of the triage. In all the patients except one, in whom either kidney, ureter or bladder has been injured there has also been an associated injury of another abdominal organ (mostly colon and small intestine, than liver and spleen). All the operating procedures have been performed together with the general surgery team. X-ray preoperative examinations have been carried out only in two patients while the general state of the rest of the patients has not allowed for such procedures which could delay surgery. Nephrectomy has been performed in only one out of these thirteen patients. Orchidectomy has been carried out in only one patient in whom extensive laceration of the testis has occurred, while in others preserving surgical treatment has been applied.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Bombesin/GRP-preferring and neuromedin B-preferring receptors in the rat urogenital system.

Bombesin binding sites were localized in the rat urogenital system by autoradiography of 125I-Tyr4-bombesin binding to frozen tissue sections. Saturable binding was observed in the bladder, seminal vesicle, uterus, and oviduct. In all organs, the binding sites corresponded to layers of smooth muscle. Radioligand binding studies were performed on homogenized membrane preparations from bladder, uterus, and seminal vesicle. Membrane binding was saturable, reversible, time- and temperature-dependent, and specific for bombesin and related peptides. Analysis of saturable equilibrium binding from all three organs yielded a best fit to a one-site model of high affinity binding with apparent KdS of 720 pM for bladder, 470 pM for uterus, and 700 pM for seminal vesicle. Neuromedin B was potent in displacing saturable 125I-Tyr4-bombesin binding from bladder and seminal vesicle but not uterus membranes. In order to characterize these binding sites further, the ability of these membranes to interact with a specific bombesin receptor antagonist, [Leu13-psi-CH2NH-Leu14]-bombesin, and with GTP-gamma-S was determined. [Leu13-psi-CH2NH-Leu14]-bombesin was much more potent in displacing saturable 125I-Tyr4-bombesin binding from uterus than from bladder and seminal vesicle membranes, further supporting the distinction between the uterus and the bladder/seminal vesicle binding sites as bombesin receptor subtypes. GTP-gamma-S inhibited saturable 125I-Tyr4-bombesin binding to membranes from all three organs, indicating that both receptor subtypes are linked to GTP-binding proteins. We conclude that smooth muscle in the rat urogenital system expresses bombesin receptors and that endogenous GRP and neuromedin B may regulate some reproductive and excretory functions. The bladder and seminal vesicle express the neuromedin B-preferring subtype and the uterus expresses the bombesin/GRP-preferring subtype of bombesin receptor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Development of the male urogenital system of the koala phascolarctos cinereus.

This paper described several developmental stages of the male urogenital system in the koala Phascolarctos cinereus, employing both light and scanning electron microscopy. There are few studies of the development of the urogenital system in male marsupials. Findings by White and Timms (1994) that male koalas can be infected with Chlamydia psittaci emphasise the importance of studies on male animals and in particular their reproductive system. Specimens in our study ranged in age from 15 days postnatal to adults. Due to the rarity of such specimens, details of each specimen are linked to the changes of the structures at each available stage. Light microscopy revealed that differentiation of the gonads had commenced by 15 days postnatal and that the cytological arrangements of the urogenital system are essentially the same as those of other mammals. Scanning electron microscopy revealed stereocilia and microvilli along the lumen of each ductus epididymis and cilia and microvilli along the lumina of the vasa deferentia and urethra. The development of these structures coincided with the onset of sexual maturation, sperm production and differentiation at about three years of age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Viral examinations in malignant tumours of the urogenital system.

Various tumours of the urogenital system were investigated to elucidate the virus-tumour link. Out of 105 tumours, virus antigens were found in 57 cases by the immunofluorescent method--mainly with serum raised against oncogenic adenovirus type 12. Virus antigens were also present in peripheral lymphocytes of several patients. Occasionally, adeno-, herpes- and C-type virus particles were revealed electron microscopically. Antiviral antibodies were often shown in the patient' sera and in higher titres especially against adenovirus type 12 early non-virion antigens. Herpesvirus antigens were found in 6 cases of 40 controls with hypertrophy of the prostate, and in 2 cases of 15 non-tumorous specimens.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1999

Localization of distant urogenital system-, central nervous system-, and endocardium-specific transcriptional regulatory elements in the GATA-3 locus.

We found previously that neither a 6-kbp promoter fragment nor even a 120-kbp yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) containing the whole GATA-3 gene was sufficient to recapitulate its full transcription pattern during embryonic development in transgenic mice. In an attempt to further identify tissue-specific regulatory elements modulating the dynamic embryonic pattern of the GATA-3 gene, we have examined the expression of two much larger (540- and 625-kbp) GATA-3 YACs in transgenic animals. A lacZ reporter gene was first inserted into both large GATA-3 YACs. The transgenic YAC patterns were then compared to those of embryos bearing the identical lacZ insertion in the chromosomal GATA-3 locus (creating GATA-3/lacZ "knock-ins"). We found that most of the YAC expression sites and tissues are directly reflective of the endogenous pattern, and detailed examination of the integrated YAC transgenes allowed the general localization of a number of very distant transcriptional regulatory elements (putative central nervous system-, endocardium-, and urogenital system-specific enhancers). Remarkably, even the 625-kbp GATA-3 YAC, containing approximately 450 kbp and 150 kbp of 5' and 3' flanking sequences, respectively, does not contain the full transcriptional regulatory potential of the endogenous locus and is clearly missing regulatory elements that confer tissue-specific expression to GATA-3 in a subset of neural crest-derived cell lineages.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Computed tomography and ultrasonography of lymphoma involving urogenital systems].

Fourteen cases of lymphoma involving urogenital systems (10 kidney, 1 bladder and 3 female genital system) were studied as to their image manifestations. In all 10 kidney cases of diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, multiple parenchymal nodules were found in 4, single mass in 3, perirenal involvement (Halo sign) with multiple nodules in the kidney in 2 and diffuse infiltration in the other one. The main ultrasonographic findings were hypoecho solid lesions without sharp margins. On pre-contrast CT scans, most of the lesions had similar attenuation as the normal renal parenchyma. After contrast, the normal parenchyma was enhanced much more than the lesion. The lesion may be missed if scan was performed without contrast enhancement. In the 3 cases with involvement of the female genital organs, the involved uterus and cervix were obviously enlarged and vaginal wall became thickened as hypoecho in B-ultrasound. Multi-planned scanning ultrasound is very helpful in showing the relation between pelvic mass and uterus.

Adolescent↗