PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Urbanization--history”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Urban history, urban health.

Over the course of the 20th century, the United States became an urban nation: 80% of Americans now live in metropolitan areas. Supplying basic sanitary services-drinking water, sewers, and garbage removal-to these cities is a gargantuan task, yet most people have little understanding of urban infrastructure systems and their enormous regional ecologic impacts. Municipalization of sanitary services, especially since 1880, distanced people from their wastes and gave city dwellers a simplistic experience of one-way material flow through cities, without knowledge of the environmental costs. Most sanitary infrastructures were built primarily for durability and lack the elasticity to meet changing needs. The challenge now is to adapt sanitary systems for flexibility and simultaneously move from unchecked material consumption toward resource-based thinking.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed1984

Lower order cities and national urbanization policies: China and India.

The authors "examine the urbanization history and policies of China and India with a special emphasis on the lower order cities. [They] consider the proposition that, as the developing countries continue to urbanize at a rapid pace, the lower order cities can play a potentially effective role in guiding future urbanization and in securing a balanced economic and spatial development. Through an examination of the urbanization records, policies, and performance of the lower order cities in these two countries [the authors] discuss the 'top-down' versus the 'bottom-up' approaches to urbanization strategy and national development.... Differences between the urbanization policies of China and India and the transferability of the Chinese experience to other contexts [are also discussed]."

Asia↗
PubMed1995

[The City and Health--an analysis of recent (socio-) historical literature].

"The City and Health" - this title joints two all-encompassing words. The city is the birthplace of modern civilization. Today, we are confronted with huge urban agglomarations--beyond our grasp and nearly out of control. Are we dealing with transitory phenomena, such as the filthy and inhuman cities of the early industrial era seem from the historical point of view? This is our hope. Here inevitably, we strike upon the term "Health". For in the endeavor to create in a city first permanent and then "proper" conditions and finally to achieve proper behaviour, health became a central term. Today, to be healthy is our most heartfelt desire. Still, we do nor know what health is. The theme "City and Health" is therefore significant, historically as well as at present. So a brief historical survey will illustrate a few elements characteristic of the interrelationship of health and the city from the civilizational point of view ( = 1.). To determine the historical point of our inquiry, we will then outline the recent discussion on urban history ( = 2.). Upon this ground, we shall discuss cities as a special expression of community, the sciences of health as a special type of medicine, and the modern industrial living conditions with regard to the recent socio-historical and medico-historical literature published since 1980 ( = 3.).

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1985

Argentina: a mature urbanization pattern.

"This article describes the historical development of Argentina's cities, pointing out the traditional dominance of the 'centre-litoral' region and...[of] Buenos Aires. Recent trends such as the population increase in the southern region are described and demographic trends are related to economic developments. The article concludes by examining Argentina's contemporary urban patterns, including the current low rate of urbanization."

Americas↗
PubMed1986

[[Demographic aspects of urbanization in the Lower Yangtze region in China, circa 1500-1900]].

Urbanization trends in the Lower Yangtze region of China from 1500 to 1900 are examined. Data are from a variety of sources, including genealogies, local records, and other literature. An attempt is made to analyze the demographic characteristics of the urban population. "The demographic characteristics in respect to marriage, fertility and mortality found from the genealogies do reveal that there were dissimilarities between the rural and urban dwelling populations. Moreover, findings related to migration tend to support that rural to urban migration was an important factor that speeded up urbanization in the Lower Yangtze Region." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Asia↗
PubMed1979

Mexican urbanization since 1821: a macro-historical approach.

The development of the urban system in Mexico since 1821 is analyzed. The "analysis attempts to treat the temporal and spatial diversity of the urban process by first presenting a chronological overview of urbanization for the country as a whole and then considering four important cases of urban development. The particular experiences of Mexico City, Oaxaca City, Merida, and Monterrey will serve to show the regional dimensions of urbanization since 1821 within the broader national and international context."

Americas↗
PubMed1979

Social urbanization and Caracas: a historical anthropological analysis.

"The concept of 'social urbanization' is examined with reference to demographic, social, and cultural patterns in Caracas, Venezuela during the period 1870-1908. These patterns, responding to changes on the national and international level foreshadow, and in some cases are the beginnings of, present-day patterns. Changes in the relations between Caracas and the core states of Europe and North America are examined, as are significant changes in residence and marriage patterns." It is noted that "significant amounts of internal migration were occurring during this period, and it is suggested that structural linkages between Caracas and its surrounding hinterland were forged by the end of the nineteenth century. Finally, it is argued that 'social urbanization' is part of the wider global process of world-system transformation underway during the nineteenth century."

Americas↗