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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Obstructive urethral disease in neonates].

In the past eight years, we observed 23 cases of neonatal urethral obstruction: 15 posterior urethral valves, one urethral polyp, two urethral diverticula, one penile urethra hypoplasia, two syringoceles, one scafoid urethra, one urethral agenesis in Prune Belly syndrome. In most cases a prenatal diagnosis of uropathy had been made by ultrasonography that allowed a faster diagnosis and possibly a long-term better prognosis in those patients in which early treatment reduced postnatal damage. In all patients endoscopic resection was performed under direct view. In 14 of them endoscopic treatment solved the problem, while further surgery on the upper urinary tract was needed in the others. We had no stenotic nor other-short and medium-term complications. The incidence of renal dysplasia is high with posterior urethral valves, while upper urinary tract damages are sensibly less frequent with more distal obstructions.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1990

Morphological plasticity in efferent pathways to the urinary bladder of the rat following urethral obstruction.

Partial urethral ligation in female Wistar rats produces changes in the neural control of the lower urinary tract including bladder hyperactivity and facilitation of a spinal micturition reflex pathway. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying these changes, axonal tracing studies were conducted to examine the postganglionic efferent limb of the micturition reflex pathway which originates in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG). Forty microliters of the tracer Fluoro-Gold (4%) were injected into the right side of the bladder in urethral-obstructed (n = 10) and control (n = 4) rats 6 weeks after urethral ligation or sham surgery. As a control Fast blue (40 microliters, 5%) was injected into the colon to label neurons in the MPG innervating the intestine. Obstructed rats exhibited a 6-fold increase (p less than 0.001) in bladder weight (0.848 gm) compared to controls (0.148 gm). A significant increase (p less than 0.001) in the size of labeled bladder postganglionic neurons in the MPG was noted in obstructed rats (576.4 microns 2, n = 4) as compared to controls (299.6 microns 2). However, labeled, colon postganglionic neurons in the MPG in obstructed (312.9 microns 2) rats were not enlarged compared to controls (359.4 microns 2). Neuronal hypertrophy was not associated with a change in the number of labeled MPG neurons in control and obstructed groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Urethral obstruction and prostatitis.

Urethral destruction is only occasionally the reason for prostatitis and Cowperitis and prostatitis is only demonstrated occasionally to complicate urethral stricture. It is a dependence of prostatitis and spastic urethral obstruction in the neuropathic bladder.

Bulbourethral Glands↗
PubMed1977

Characterization and treatment of water, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances of induced urethral obstruction in the cat.

Urethral obstruction induced in adult male cats caused clinical signs identical with those observed in naturally occurring disease. Central nervous system depression, anorexia, dehydration, vomiting, muscle weakness, and hypothermia occurred. Weight loss (due to water loss and catabolism), metabolic acidosis, mild hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperglycemia, azotemia, and hyperproteinemia were also observed. Serum amylase, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were normal. Ten of 13 cats (group 1), with 72 hours' induced obstruction but not treated with parenteral fluids, died either before the obstruction was relieved or within 8 days afterward. Eight cats (group 2) with induced obstruction for 49 to 98 hours developed severe clinical and biochemical alterations. Treatment with a multiple-electrolyte solution, in addition to relief of urethral obstruction, resulted in favorable clinical and biochemical responses. These cats survived and were clinically healthy at 9 to 10 days after relief of obstruction. It was concluded that use of a multiple-electrolyte solution to correct acidosis, restore circulatory volume, and enhance renal excretion of potassium was effective supportive therapy after urethral obstruction was removed.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMed1992

Penile compression--a sign of urethral obstruction.

Three boys with urethral obstruction are described. To facilitate voiding, each boy compressed the shaft of his penis prior to initiating the urinary stream, a sign previously unreported in association with urethral obstruction.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Acute urethral obstruction due to condylomata acuminata.

Urethral obstruction is a rare disease in women, and even more uncommon is the occurrence of acute urethral obstruction due to condylomata. This case report describes the course of one such case, unique for its progressive clinical evolution, the primary involvement of the lower urinary tract in the absence of either an obvious primary site or a history of sexual intercourse for more than 15 years, and its successful treatment with cryotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1969

Urethral obstruction in male cats: transmission studies.

Urethral obstruction was produced by injecting centrifuged urine from cats with urethral obstruction into the urinary bladders of unaffected cats. Filtration of urine from affected cats did not remove the causative factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Transvaginal urethrolysis after obstructive urethral suspension procedures.

Obstructive uropathy after an operation for stress incontinence was treated by transvaginal urethrolysis in 13 women. Bladder outlet obstruction developed after retropubic urethropexy in 6 patients, after needle suspension in 4 and after a pubovaginal sling operation in 3. Transvaginal urethrolysis was accompanied by a needle suspension in 2 patients, an Inglemann-Sundberg denervation in 1 and a pubovaginal sling in 1. Of 13 patients 10 are voiding and none has stress incontinence but 3 continue to perform intermittent self-catheterization.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Unsuspected proximal urethral obstruction in young and middle-aged men.

Proximal urethral obstruction, a common cause of prostatism in young and middle-aged men, often is misdiagnosed as prostatitis, neurogenic bladder or a psychogenic voiding disorder. Simple urodynamic studies (uroflowmetry and cystometry) do not distinguish a poor flow owing to bladder neck obstruction from that caused by poor detrusor contractility in these patients. Only the simultaneous measurement of detrusor pressure and uroflowmetry can make this distinction. A total of 23 patients with unsuspected proximal urethral obstruction underwent synchronous video-pressure-flow electromyography studies, and were treated and followed for a minimum of 1 year. Treatment by transurethral prostatic resection or bladder neck incision almost always was curative but alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents have not been effective. All patients who underwent transurethral prostatic resection or bladder neck incision at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions have had retrograde ejaculation but both patients who underwent unilateral bladder neck incision reported antegrade ejaculation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The guinea pig as a model of gradual urethral obstruction.

We developed a new model of partial urethral obstruction using the guinea pig. We placed jeweler's jump rings loosely around the proximal urethra of immature guinea pigs and allowed the obstruction to develop gradually as the animal grew. After four or eight weeks of obstruction, we studied the filling and emptying characteristics of the bladder during continuous repetitive cycling under urethane anesthesia. Following this examination, bladders were removed and weighed. Wet weight was compared to urodynamic findings. We identified four abnormal urodynamic patterns: high pressure voiding, instability, poor compliance and decompensation. All obstructed bladders showed weight gain associated with muscle hypertrophy, but the degree of weight gain was different for each of the various urodynamic categories. High pressure voiding was associated with the least weight gain, whereas instability and decompensation showed the most weight gain. The results are consistent with a thesis that partial urethral outlet obstruction in the guinea pig gives rise to several distinct forms of abnormal voiding characterized by high pressure in the early stages, and progressing to more advanced forms of dysfunction characterized by instability and decompensation in the later stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Bladder neck urethral obstructions of neurogenic bladder in children (author's transl)].

The study of 62 bladder neck and urethral obstructions among 210 neurogenic bladder in children, allow to give an urologic definition, corroborated by urodynamic exploration.--28 boys show lesions of external sphincer as described in traumatic paraplegia in adult. The treatment in external sphincterotomy: by perineal approach (5 cases : 1 success--4 failures), or retropubic (3 cases : 2 successes--1 failure) and mainly endoscopic (12 successes over 21 primary resections, and 8 successes over 10 repeated interventions). The results are given according to the obstruction, the continence and urinary upper tract. Ureteroneocystostomy il allowed by obstruction release. The pathogeny of obstruction is discussed according to the paralysis of the sphincter, as well as the therapy with the comparison between sphincterotomy and self-catheterism.--34 girls present 3 kinds of obstruction;--bladder neck dysectasia (5 cases) with obvious radiologic findings: YV plasty was done with in 2 cases ureteroneocystostomy;--posterior downfall of the bladder where intermittent catheterization provides excellent results;--pure urethral obstruction is also observed, like in boy's external sphincter lesion. Various types of therapy are discussed, specialy TV plasty extented to the urethral meatus, but in girls the intermittent catheterization which respects continence and which can be associated to an ureteroneocystostomy or a pharmacologic therapy is at present the most appropriate method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Obstructive urethral calculi in the male camel: report of two cases.

Two cases of obstructive urethral calculi in the male dromedary camel are reported. Infection, metabolic disorders, malnutrition and climatic stress are cited as possible causes. The diagnosis and the surgical treatment of this condition are discussed, with particular reference to the anatomy of the camel's penis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Urethral obstruction malformation complex: a cause of abdominal muscle deficiency and the "prune belly".

Abdominal muscle deficiency with a "prune belly" abdomen as been a major feature of the so-called prune belly syndrome, which has been regarded as a specific entity, although the etiology and developmental pathology are not understood. We present evidence that abdominal muscle deficiency is an etiologically nonspecific anatomic defect which is secondary to fetal abdominal distention of various causes. One of the more common causes is urethral obstruction with consequent early bladder distention, causing abdominal distention and other anomalies, a constellation of findings which we have termed the urethral obstruction malformation complex. This interpretation of the etiology of most cases of prune belly syndrome accounts for the male predominance, the observed variability in severity, and the lack of a defined mode of inheritance. Recurrence risk figures need to be redefined for each specific obstructing lesion of the urethra. The possibility of early prenatal diagnosis and management of fetuses with urethral obstruction needs further study.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1987

Female urethral obstruction after Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation.

During the last 5 years 13 neurologically normal women were seen with urodynamically proved urethral obstruction after a Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation. These obstructed patients were treated by a simple transvaginal procedure consisting of complete urethrolysis followed by a needle urethrovesical resuspension procedure. Postoperatively, 12 patients experienced complete disappearance of the presenting symptoms, return to a normal voiding pattern and decreased residuals of urine to less than 50 cc. The remaining patient, although urodynamically unobstructed, had to remain on intermittent catheterization. The pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of this iatrogenic type of female urethral obstruction are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Cystic kidneys, renal dysplasia and microdissection data in 5 children with congenital valvular urethral obstruction.

A survey of the findings in 5 children with urethral obstruction due to valves is presented. The microdissection data found in the 7 kidneys of this series were compared. The microdissection findings in all 7 kidneys are mostly the same with a continuum of processes ranging from relatively mild to severe derangements. We could not find two varieties of renal change designated type II or IV by potter. The characterization of the lesions by nephron dissection always approached those of the type II (multicystic, dysplastic kidney). Renal dysplasia was associated with extrarenal malformations in 2 of our cases and we therefore believe that the significance of the dysplasia lies rather in the period of the insult during organogenesis than in the obstruction.

Autopsy↗