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Results for “Venous Thrombosis”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1975

125-I-labeled fibrinogen scanning. Use in the diagnosis of venous thrombosis.

Venous thrombosis is often asymptomatic in patients in whom major pulmonary embolism develops. When used expectantly, iodine 125-labeled fibrinogen scanning is a very sensitive method for detecting subclinical leg vein thrombi. Fibrinogen scanning is less useful for the diagnosis of established venous thrombosis, but is valuable for detecting extension of venographically diagnosed calf vein thrombosis. The technique is safe if fibrinogen is obtained from carefully screened donors. The limitations of the method include its inability to distinguish between superficial and deep venous thrombi, and its sensitivity to fibrin in hematoma and inflammatory exudates. Though the results agree closely with those of phlebography, scanning seems less reliable for detecting femoral vein than calf vein thrombi and is insensitive to thrombi above the inguinal ligament. Screening for these major thrombi may be improved by combining fibrinogen scanning with impedance plethysmography or ultrasonic examination.

Blood Donors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Venous occlusion plethysmography for the detection of venous thrombosis.

Venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP) was originally developed to study the physiology of the arterial circulation in the extremities. Improvements in plethysmographic instruments have now made bedside evaluation of peripheral hemodynamics feasible. In recent years, VOP has been employed for the detection of deep vein thrombosis. Combined analysis of the venous volume increase and the subsequent venous outflow in 3 sec, and measured by impedance plethysmography, has produced a 95% correlation with venography in detecting thrombosis of the popliteal, femoral, and iliac veins in 390 limbs. The method is inadequate for detection of isolated calf thrombi.

Blood Circulation↗

PubMed1979

Thermographic diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis: anatomically based diagnostic criteria.

Deep venous thrombosis is associated with increased heat emission from involved muscle groups and deviation of blood flow from the deep to the superficial venous system. Both of these features can be documented by thermography. An appreciation of the muscular and venous anatomy of the lower limb allows recognition of predictable thermographic images reflecting involvement of various muscle groups in the leg. It is expected that these anatomically based criteria will improve the diagnostic accuracy of thermography and offer a noninvasive, easily repeatable modality of examination for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.

Humans↗

PubMed1977

Surgery, venous thrombosis and anti-Xa.

Deep venous thrombosis is a common and unpredictable complication of surgery. In this study it is proposed that patients who develop this complication may be predicted by a low preoperative level of a naturally occurring inhibitor of coagulation, anti-Xa. Two groups of patients were investigated. Women taking the oral contraceptive pill had lower preoperative anti-Xa levels than their non-pill controls (P less than 0.01) and in addition had a significantly higher incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following emergency surgery (P less than 0.05). In 90 patients undergoing total hip replacement, the mean preoperative anti-Xa level of those patients who developed DVT was significantly lower than those who did not (P less than 0.001). Ninety-four per cent of patients with a preoperative anti-Xa level of less than 80 per cent developed DVT. The effect of low dose heparin on anti-Xa was studied. The results suggest a mechanism for the cause of postoperative thrombosis which also permits selection of individual patients who will develop this complication.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2026

Association of the PROC rs146922325 variant with venous thrombosis in a Taiwanese population.

BACKGROUND: Hereditary protein C deficiency, caused by pathogenic variants in the PROC gene, is a known risk factor for venous thrombosis. However, data on PROC variants in Asian populations are limited. This study evaluated the clinical relevance of rs146922325 and its association with thrombotic outcomes in Taiwanese patients. METHODS: Using genotyping data from a single-nucleotide polymorphism array as part of the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative, we conducted a retrospective case-control study that included 805 carriers of the PROC rs146922325 variant and 8,050 age- and sex-matched non-carriers. The baseline characteristics, coagulation profiles, and thrombotic outcomes were systematically compared. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between rs146922325 and venous thrombosis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by restricting the cohort to warfarin-naïve participants and incident venous thrombosis events occurring after genotyping. RESULTS: Carriers of the rs146922325 T allele exhibited significantly lower protein C levels than non-carriers (71.28% vs. 114.58%, p < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of venous thrombosis (4.10% vs. 2.48%; p = 0.009). After multivariable adjustment, rs146922325 carrier status remained independently associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.61; p = 0.015). Allelic analysis further indicated that the T allele was associated with elevated thrombotic risk (aOR, 1.74; p = 0.004). No clear dose-response pattern was observed because of the limited number of homozygous TT individuals. Sex-stratified analyses suggested a similar association across sexes; however, the sex × genotype interaction was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The PROC rs146922325 variant was associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis in the Taiwanese population. These findings expand the current knowledge of PROC-related thrombophilia in East Asians and support the potential value of genetic risk stratification in thrombosis research.

PROC rs146922325↗

PubMed1979

[Venous thrombosis during long-term corticoid therapy in chronic obstructive lung diseases].

Venous thrombosis is a serious disease. In the case of chronic obstructive lung diseases several causes of venous thrombosis coincide being polycythemia, thrombocythemia the patient's limitation of exercise and the low flow rate of the venous blood. The therapeutic administration of corticoids leads to polycythemia and thrombocythemia. The high risk of venous thrombosis must be always regarded in corticosteroid therapy of chronic obstructive lung disease. Preventive measures should be provided.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Deep venous thrombosis following transurethral resection of the prostate: diagnosis by phleborheography.

Deep venous thrombosis is a potential complication of transurethral resection of the prostate. We evaluated 150 paients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate for benign and malignant disease to determine the postoperative incidence of deep vein thrombosis, using phleborheography as the instrument of detection. Phleborheography is an accurate, inexpensive, non-invasive method that uses low pressure transducers to detect volumetric changes in the lower extremity through recording cuffs. A 4.6 per cent incidence of deep venous thrombosis was detected by this technique. At the time this complication was discovered no patient exhibited clinical signs of thrombophlebitis, which reinforces the belief that clinical diagnosis alone is not a reliable screening technique for deep venous thrombosis. Anticoagulant therapy appears to be effective and safe in the treatment of this postoperative complication.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1979

[The use of 125I-fibrinogen in the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis in medical practice (author's transl)].

A series of 38 "high risk" selected cases of deep venous thrombosis were studied in an internal Medicine Department. Fibrinogen-125I was used. Phlebographic verification was sought in those cases with a positive response to the fibrinogen. From the 38 cases 13 turned out to be positive; in 8 the venous thrombus was identify by venography. In two cases the dorsal venous arch could not be filled. In one case the phlebography could not be carried out. In the remaining two cases the venography did not show a thrombus but there was a pathologic fracture with hematoma and an ossifying myositis, respectively. Both cases were interpreted as false positives to the radioactive fibrinogen. One of them had suggestive clinical manifestations of deep venous thrombosis. Of the eight cases which were positive to the venography and radioactive fibrinogen only four showed a clinical picture suggestive of deep venous thrombosis. If the three cases with negative venographies are included only 36.3 percent of the patients had clinical manifestations. Among the 25 cases which were negative to the radioactive fibrinogen none of them had a clinical picture of deep venous thrombosis, although in 64 percent of them at least one of the clinical signs collected during the physical examination was positive. The correlation between fibrinogen-125I and phlebography turned out to be 80 percent.

Diagnostic Errors↗

PubMed1979

Detection of deep venous thrombosis by impedance plethysmography.

Ninety-eight limbs in sixty-seven patients supected of having lower extremity deep venous thrombosis were evaluated by physical examination, venous impedance plethysmography (IPG), and venography. Diagnosis based on physical signs commonly associated with deep venous thrombosis was false-positive in 43 to 66 per cent and false-negative in 26 to 73 per cent when compared with evidence obtained by venography. The overall accuracy of IPG was 94 per cent, with false-positive results occurring in 10 per cent and false-negative results in 4 per cent. IPG is sufficiently accurate to be considered a reliable screening test for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

[Streptokinase in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism].

Fifty-two deep venous thromboses and 35 pulmonary emboli were treated by Streptokinase administered in accordance with a standard protocol. Radiological examinations revealed total lysis of clots in 22 cases, partial lysis in 42 and failure in 23. The latter more commonly involved venous clots than pulmonary emboli. Early treatment was more effective (21 total lyses out of 22) than late treatment. However, in venous thrombosis, late treatment may give partial lysis and free important venous junctions. With standard treatment, lysis was biologically correct in 70 p. 100 of cases. It was inadequate in 20 p 100 of cases and nil in 10 p. 100 of cases. The results could thus have been improved by treatment established and adjusted in the light of laboratory results. The extent of the thrombosis played an important role. Total lysis was obtained in 9 out of 10 cases of localised deep venous thrombosis. In pulmonary embolism there was an average gain of approximately 30 p. 100 in obstructed surface area. However, in these latter cases, it is important to take into account not only the pulmonary surface area obstructed but also the origin of the clots.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Prevention of venous thrombosis in patients with intracranial disease by intermittent pneumatic compression of the calf.

In a randomized study of 128 patients, we evaluated intermittent pneumatic compression of the calf in the prevention of leg scan-detected venous thrombosis in intracranial disease. Pneumatic compression of the calf for 5 days reduced the rate of venous thrombosis from 12 of 63 control patients (19.1 percent) to one of 65 patients (1.5 percent) given prophylaxis (p = 0.00082). In patients who had craniotomy for brain tumor, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or subdural hematomas, calf compression reduced the incidence of venous thrombosis from nine of 49 control patients (18.4 percent) to one of 53 patients (1.9 percent) given prophylaxis (p - 0.0051). In patients who remained at risk after 5 days, the rate of venous thrombosis was no different in the control group than in the group that had received prophylaxis.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Leucocyte ascorbate levels and postoperative deep venous thrombosis.

Forty-four general surgical patients were included in a prospective, randomized double-blind controlled trial of ascorbic acid (500 mg b.d.) or placebo for 7 days before operation. This was to test the hypothesis that vitamin C may reduce the instance of deep venous thrombosis postoperatively. Venous blood samples were taken before entering the trial, just immediately before surgery, on the day of operation and on three further occasions at 3-day intervals postoperatively for leucocyte ascorbic acid concentration (LAC). Venous thrombosis was diagnosed using the 125I-fibrinogen test and the leg scans interpreted by Roberts' criteria. There was no significant difference in the incidence of DVT between the treatment and placebo groups. In those with DVT (n = 23) the mean LAC on the day of operation was not significantly different from that in those without DVT. However, on the sixth and ninth postoperative days LAC levels were significantly lower in the DVT group. These results suggest that the administration of ascorbic acid preoperatively does not reduce the incidence of DVT, but a striking decrease in the LAC levels in the DVT patients is in keeping with the hypothesis that the initial event in the pathogenesis of DVT is adherence of leucocytes to the venous endothelium.

Ascorbic Acid↗

PubMed1979

A systems approach to the diagnosis of venous thrombosis and insufficiency.

This systems approach to the diagnosis of venous vascular obstruction and venous insufficiency relies on use of the segmental pneumoplethysmograph. The method is a useful diagnostic tool when evaluating these diseases. The drainage test indicates deep, large venous thrombosis. The dependency test indicates either thrombosis or venous insufficiency. And the tourniquet test differentiates the presence of deep from superficial vein insufficiency.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Thermographic diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.

Two hundred patients with suspected deep venous thrombosis had thermography performed prior to ascending phlebography. Diagnostic agreement was obtained in 79%. Published diagnostic thermographic criteria were used; it was not possible to diagnose consistently limited or early thrombosis, especially in the calf muscle veins. Venous insufficiency produced the majority of false positives.

False Negative Reactions↗

PubMed1977

Metabolism of antithrombin III (heparin cofactor) in man: effects of venous thrombosis and of heparin administration.

The metabolism of human antithrombin III (heparin cofactor) was studied in four control subjects, in four subjects with peripheral obliterative arterial disease, in six patients with recent venous thrombosis and in one patient with clinically severe haemophilia A. The labelled antithrombin III has a high specific activity (5.75 units/mg) and displayed a single band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. On Sephadex G-100 gel filtration the labelled material eluted in the same position as the antithrombin III activity in plasma. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of a mixture of fresh plasma and labelled antithrombin III against a specific antiserum, revealed a single precipitin line in which radioactivity was concentrated. The changes in electrophoretic mobility of both the plasma antithrombin III and the labelled material following the addition of heparin to the mixture or following coagulation were identical. The purified antithrombin III behaved as a homogeneous protein in the turnover experiments. The plasma radioactivity data were approximated by a sum of two exponential terms and the metabolism of antithrombin III represented by a two compartment mammillary model. Results in the control subjects were as follows: plasma antithrombin III concentration 19.6 +/- 2.3 mg/100 ml; intravascular fraction 0.45 +/- 0.05; fractional catabolic rate 0.55 +/- 0.02 of the plasma pool per day; half-life of the plasma radioactivity 2.83 +/- 0.26 days. Circulating large molecular weight degradation products of labelled antithrombin III could not be detected by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. No significant differences in these parameters were found in the patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency. The turnover rate of antithrombin III was normal in the patient with haemophilia A. In three patients with venous thrombosis not treated with heparin, the turnover of labelled antithrombin III was in the normal range. In three patients with venous thrombosis, treated with heparin, the plasma radioactivity half-life was significantly shortened (2.13 +/- 0.08 days) and the fractional catabolic rate increased (0.75 +/- 0.05) of the plasma pool per day). In one of these patients, the labelled antithrombin III had been incubated with an equimolar amount of heparin prior to injection. In this patient the plasma radioactivity half-life was in the same range as in the other two patients (2.15 days).

Adult↗

PubMed1978

A phlebographic study of the incidence and significance of venous thrombosis in the foot.

A total of 188 foot phelbograms in 100 patients with suspected venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism were studied. Thrombus was demonstrated in 59 (31%) of the foot phlebograms. It is concluded that foot vein thrombosis is common, that it may be a source of pulmonary embolism, and that venous thrombus may start in the foot veins and spread into the calf. Foot phlebography should become part of the routine examination of patients with suspected deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

Foot↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Antithrombin III in 86 patients with venous thrombosis (author's transl)].

Antithrombin III concentration was studied in 86 patients with recurrent or extensive venous thrombosis. Two of them were found to have an hereditary antithrombin III deficiency. 25 patients receiving heparin therapy had low antithrombin III concentration. After stopping heparin treatment antithrombin rose to a normal level. Pathological antithrombin III modifications are recalled (synthesis decrease in liver diseases, intra vascular consumption during active venous thrombosis). Antithrombin III decreased activity induced by heparin treatment is pointed out.

Antithrombin III↗

PubMed1977

The intravascular generation of fibrinogen derivatives and the blood vessel wall in venous thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Both deep venous thrombosis and DIC are intermediate mechanisms of disease--both are a consequence of the deposition of fibrin-rich material in blood vessels some distance from the primary site of tissue destruction. The great difference in the sites of fibrin deposition may depend on the extent and site of activation of the clotting mechanism. DIC likely occurs in the fluid phase of the blood as a consequence of massive fibrin formation while thrombosis results from limited fibrin formation at the interface between blood and vessel wall. Leukocytes may be essential for attaching thrombi to the vessel wall in many places.

Blood Coagulation↗