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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endotoxic contamination of biological products (ribosomal vaccines, viral vaccines and interferon)].

The A.A. have examined by the Limulus assay the possible endotoxin contamination in some biological products (ribosomal vaccines, viral vaccines, interferon). While the preparations of influenza vaccines and a partially purified fraction of ribosomal vaccine from Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibit a gelation of lysate with high levels of endotoxin, rubeola vaccines, interferon and a purified fraction of ribosomal vaccine, presented a negligible amount of endotoxin. The results are discussed with the aim to examine the possible role of contaminating endotoxin in the mediation of some adverse effects and of the unsuspected extrinsic adjuvant activities developed in clinical and experimental use of these preparations.

Bacterial Vaccines↗
PubMed1976

[Anti-foot-and-mouth vaccines combined with other bacterial or viral vaccines].

Medical and sanitary prevention of a growing number of major infectious diseases of bovines has led IFFA-Mérieux to investigate the association of vaccines and to define methods of utilization. Care has been taken to limit the number of interventions and at the same time to retain in the combined valences the efficacy they had when in a state of single constituent. The work which has been carried out for the last ten years, including the study of adjuvants as well as of incompatibility of associations, has permitted the improvement of formulas, reduced in volume (5 ml for a plurivalent dose), in aqueous excipient (aluminum hydroxide and saponin) or oily excipient (oil in water type). These formulas combine 3 foot-and-mouth disease valences with a rabies valence (fixed strain grown on cell culture) or with a brucellosis valence (strain B. abortus MacEwen 45/20 and B. melitensis H 38). The innocuity of these associations allows them to be used in sanitary compaigns; their efficacy is equal to that of monovalent vaccines. A logical vaccination calendar is proposed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1978

Viral vaccines: new problems and prospects.

The problems are many: how best to apply the swine flu lessons to the Russian flu "invasion;" whether enough is known about the cytomegalovirus to attempt vaccine development; how to deliver established vaccines to the millions who need them.

Amantadine↗
PubMed1976

A canine parainfluenza viral vaccine: immunogenicity and safety.

A canine parainfluenza viral vaccine was developed and shown to be safe by absence of clinical disease in vaccinated dogs and by inability to isolate vaccine virus from blood or nasopharyngeal swabs. Backpassage in susceptible dogs, using blood of vaccinated dogs, could not be demonstrated. The vaccine produced neutralizing antibody when administered either intramuscularly or subcutaneously; however, a significantly higher immune response was obtained by intramuscular inoculation. Differences in the antibody response were not produced by tenfold dilutions of vaccine virus ranging from 10(2.9) to 10(5.9) median tissue culture infective doses. The presence of neutralizing antibody was associated significantly with decreased respiratory shedding period of challenge virus by vaccinated dogs compared to seronegative control dogs. Six days after aerosol exposure to virulent challenge virus, 100% of the controls (n = 5) but only 15% of the vaccinated dogs (n = 3) shed virus. Seven days after challenge exposure, virus could not be recovered from the vaccinated dogs, but 80% of the control dogs shed virus. An anamnestic response occurred in vaccinated dogs but not in the seronegative control dogs following challenge exposure. A mild clinical disease was produced in 3 of the 5 seronegative control dogs but not in the 20 vaccinated dogs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of viral vaccines on animal bone marrow cell chromosomes].

A comparative study on the effect of a number of viral vaccines (live and inactivated vaccinia, poliovirus type II, measles, rabies vaccines) on chromosomes of mouse bone marrow cells was carried out. Most vaccines were found to impair the process of first divisions of these cells after vaccination. Live vaccinia vaccine and live fixed rabies virus cause an increase in the rate of structural chromosome aberrations at later intervals, 30-90 days after immunization. The main type of chromosome disorders is chromatid break. Some of the live vaccines studied (poliovaccine type II, measles vaccine) and inactivated vaccines caused no increase in the rate of cromosome structure disorders as compared to the control. Live fixed rabies virus exerts a stronger impairing effect on division of mouse bone marrow cells than a rabies vaccine with residual virulence. A rabies vaccine completely inactivated by UV-irradiation had no impairing effect on chromosomes of immunized animals. Thus, some live vaccines, unlike inactivated ones, cause chromosome disorders in bone marrow cells of mice late after immunization and, apparently, subsequent death of some cells with the most important distrubances.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Serially-propagated human diploid cells: a synopsis of the present position concerning their use or producing viral vaccines and interferon.

Diploid cells of human origin subjected to serial propagation are being used on a wide and increasing scale as substrates for producing viral vaccines for use in humans. To a lesser extent they are also being used for the production of human interferon. A brief outline of the present position on the use of these cells for producing human vaccines together with information concerning their use for the production of human interferon is presented.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1979

Viral vaccines under development: a third generation.

In summary then, my purpose has been two-fold: on the one hand, I have tried to highlight the kinds of basic science advances in both cellular and virologic research that can (and should) be focussed both on vaccines under development and, retrospectively, on those whose origins were strictly empiric. On the other hand, I have attempted a partial survey of some of the prominent members of a potential new generation of vaccines to point out areas where these advances can and should contribute either to progress or to a sense of caution about the further reliance on pure empiricism. It is clear that we are not finished with new viral vaccines. It is equally clear that narrowing the persistent gap between basic science and its application to public health needs will require much energy and attention as vaccine development progresses.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1977

Viral vaccines.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adenoviruses, Human↗