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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Avian cell cultures grown in an open system (dishes) without CO2 incubator, and their use for virus cultivation.

An organic buffer, N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), in a culture medium made it possible to culture chick embryo fibroblast (CEF), duck embryo fibroblast (DEF), and chick kidney (CK) cells in an open system (dishes) under incubation in a bacteriological incubator, requiring no CO2 incubation. CEF, DEF, and CK cells cultured with this system were suitable for cultivation of avain viruses such as Newcastle disease virus, CELO virus, Marek's disease virus, and turkey herpesvirus.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoelectrophoretic study of the host antigens of Sendai virus cultivated in different substrates (embryonated hen eggs and KB cells). Note I. Analysis of chorioallantoic membrane host antigens.

The immunoelectrophhoretic analysis of two preparations of the same virus cultivated in different substrates (Sendai/egg and Sendai/KB) demonstrate that virus envelopes contain: a) identical virus-specific antigens (but also some virus antigens with only partial immunochemical identity, or even non-identity); b) antigens incorporated by the virus from the host cell, during assembly and release. The latter differ according to the host, and some of them are only partially identical with the corresponding antigens of the host cell, which suggests that host cell glycoproteins are incorporated into the virus envelope after certain virus-induced modifications.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Allergic reactions in cattle vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease with vaccines prepared from viruses cultivated in BHK cells in roller bottles].

Tests on bovines vaccinated 3 or 4 times against foot-and-mouth disease with vaccines based on viruses cultivated on BKH cells, in roller bottles, have allowed to define the nature of some of the principal allergens: on the one hand residuary horse serum used to saturate the filters employed in preparing the virus intended for the manufacture of vaccines and, on the other hand, the substances liberated by the cytopathogenic action of the virus on the BHK cells. The horse serum is the most active and causes general and local reactions which are sometimes severe. It is therefore replaced by calf serum intended to reduce the importance of the problem for bovines. BHK antigens (BHK extracts and virus) produce only local reactions which are generally less severe.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoelectrophoretic study on the host antigens of Sendai virus cultivated in different substrates (embryonated hen eggs and KB cells). Note II. Analysis of KB cell host antigens.

It could be demonstrated by immunoelectrophoretic analysis that the host antigen incorporated in the envelopes of Sendai virus cultivated in KB cells (Sendai/KB) is characteristic of these cells and does not occur in the envelopes of the same virus grown in the embryonated hen egg (Sendai/egg). This host antigen appears from the first passage in KB cells and is constantly maintained over subsequent passages. The glycoproteins released by Triton X-100 disruption from Sendai/KB envelopes have a concomitant antigenic specificity for both virus and host. In the case of Sendai/egg virus, exclusively virus-specific macromolecules are also released.

Antigens↗
PubMed1977

[Application of a TRICIN-buffered modification of the CMRL-1969 medium in cell and virus cultivation (author's transl)].

CMRL-1969 medium (Healy et al., 1971) was modified by using 0.02 molar N-[Tris-(hydroxymethyl)-methyl]-glycin (= TRICIN) instead of bicarbonate as the buffer substance. Several permanent cell lines and primary cell cultures did not show growth differences in the two medium variants. Like other non volatile buffers TRICIN abolishes the initial increase of the Ph in freshly split or newly fed closed vessel cultures, but in 0.02 M concentration maintains the same buffering capacity of the medium as compared to bicarbonate. Multiplication of Entero-, Adeno-, Herpes-, Influenza-A-, and Vaccinia-viruses was also not altered. The medium allows open vessel methods like microtiter- and plaque-tests to be conducted under normal atmosphere and seems especially useful when initial pH-values are to be set in the rank of 7.5 to 8.6. For microtiter neutralization tests with enteroviruses a medium adjusted to pH 7.6 and a cell density of 10(5) cells/cm2 was found optimal. Plaque formation of Coxsackie-B-viruses reached a maximal plaque-size and -number when the pH of the double concentrated medium was beyond 8.2.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of polyethyleneglycol-treated serum for animal cell cultures.

Although many proteins will be removed from sera by precipitation with 10% polyethyleneglycol (PEG) the growth-promoting properties of such PEG-treated sera for many cell lines and cell strains are hardly reduced. Among the precipitated proteins are the macroglobulins which are difficult to remove from cell cultures and which may cause allergic reactions if incorporated into vaccines. The gammaglobulins are removed in this way as well. If the sera are contaminated with viruses or phages the titres will be reduced by approximately 4 logs and thus the incidence of virus contamination will be reduced by the PEG-treatment. For foot-and-mouth Disease (FMD) vaccine production PEG-treated sera from vaccinated cattle were applied for cell and virus cultivation. The virus obtained was subsequently precipitated with PEG and collected by filter-aid filtration. A concentrated virus product was obtained, which was practically devoid of serum proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Electron microscopic studies of viral agents in Crohn's disease.

Viral agents isolated from ileal filtrates of patients with Crohn's disease have been successfully cultivated in continuous rabbit ileum tissue-culture and grown to titres sufficient to allow electron microscopic characterisation. Electron microscopic studies showed clusters of viral particles only in tissue-cultures inoculated with cultivated viruses originally obtained from tissues from patients with Crohn's disease. Control cultures showed no evidence of viral agents. The mean virus-particle diameter was 30 nm. An electron-dense central core was present and a spiculated coat was demonstrated. The physical chemical properties of this agent, as previously described, together with the electron microscopic appearance are consistent with the appearance of a picornavirus.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1978

Cultivation of Tuleniy virus (strain Murman) in vitro.

In vitro culturability of Murman strain of Tuleniy flavivirus isolated recently in the northern regions of the USSR was studied. Stable PS pig kidney line was found suitable as a primary sensitive cell substrate for the isolation, proliferation and serial propagation of the virus. The pronounced pathogenicity of the virus to PS cells permits the testing of its infective activity comparable with i.c. titrations on mice, VNT in vitro and the plaquing technique. PS line is suitable for the demonstration and identification of the virus antigen and/or for the study of reproduction of the virus on cellular level using the technique of immunofluorescence.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Virus isolation and titration at 33 degrees and 37 degrees C.

Various prototype viruses and original specimens were comparatively titrated in cell cultures at 33 degrees and 37 degrees C. Higher titers at 37 degrees were consistently obtained with adenoviruses; for other viruses (enteroviruses, herpesvirus hominis, vaccinia virus, parainfluenza viruses) the titers were mostly identical at either temperature. Original specimens and prototye strains showed the same behavior. The habit to cultivate viruses from throat swabs at 33 degrees C is unsatisfactory for adenoviruses.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1976

Characterization of a virion protein kinase as a virus-specified enzyme.

Antibodies which completely inhibited the enzymatic activity of the protein kinase associated with virions of frog virus were obtained by immunization of rabbits with the purified enzyme. This inhibition provided a specific probe for the frog virus protein kinase, since this antiserum had no inhibitory effect on a variety of other protein kinases, including the activity of uninfected cells, or the protein kinase associated with vesicular stomatitis virus or vaccinia virus cultivated in the same cell line as frog virus. The frog virus protein kinase was characterized as a virus-specified protein on the basis of the following observations: (a) the virion protein kinase was antigenically distinct from essentially all of the protein kinase expressed in uninfected cells; (b) following infection by frog virus more than a 15-fold increase was detected in the specific activity of intracellular protein kinase and most of this activity was antigenically related to the virion enzyme; (c) when frog virus was grown in cells derived from widely different species, the antigenic and biochemical specificities of the virion protein kinase remained identical; and (d) screening of cells infected with different temperature-sensitive mutants of frog virus indicated that certain viral mutants failed to synthesize this protein kinase when cultivated at the nonpermissive temperature.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1976

Cultivation of Lednice (Yaba 1) virus in goose, duck, and chick embryo cells.

Lednice (Yaba 1) virus was found to multiply in primary cultures of goose, duck and chick embryo cells. The size of inoculum and age of embryos used for preparation of primary cultures was decisive for the amount of multiplied virus. One strain (110) of Lednice virus showed reduced ability to induce a cytopathic effect in the first passage in chick embryo cells. Virus multiplication in all three kinds of cells was confirmed by immunofluorescence.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Biophysical properties of a non-cultivable 29-nm enteric virus.

A 29 nm non-cultivable virus (NCV) was detected in faecal extracts from children hospitalized for gastroenteritis. The NCV had a density of 1.35 g/ml in glycerol-potassium tartrate density gradients and was resistant to degradation by proteolytic enzymes, non-ionic detergents and pH extremes. The surface of these virus particles had knob-like projections which appeared to have a symmetrical arrangement. When heated to 56 degrees C, the virus was completely degraded to soluble components which could not be seen by electron microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Photodynamic effect of toluidine blue on MM virus.

The photodynamic effect of toluidine blue (TB) was studied on MM virus cultivated in L cells and on the RNA extracted form MM virus inoculated to mice by intracerebral route. MM virus infectivity is completely inhibited by the photodynamic action of TB, due to lesions at the molecular level of the viral RNA.

Encephalomyocarditis virus↗
PubMed1975

Streptovirudins -- new antibiotics with antiviral activity. The antiviral spectrum and inhibition of Newcastle disease virus in cell cultures.

Streptovirudins are new antibiotics isolated as a mixture of several structurally related compounds from fermentations of Streptomyces griseoflavus (Krainsky) Waksman et Henrici var. thuringensis JA 10124. They possess antiviral activity against RNA and DNA viruses cultivated in chick embryo cells, namely Sindbis, fowl plague, Newcastle disease (NDV), pseudorabies, vaccinia and sheep abortion viruses. The naturally formed streptovirudin complex, in concentrations of 20-2.5 mug/ml inhibited the viral cytopathic effect and caused 100 percent plaque reduction. Mengo, Coxsackie B1-B5, ECHO 30 and 33, and polio (wild and attenuated types 1, 2, and 3) viruses grown in FL cells were not sensitive in the agar-diffusion plaque-inhibition test. The antibiotics failed to show a direct virucidal effect on the NDV virion itself or to influence virus adsorption and penetration processes. Addition of streptovirudin complex during a one-step growth cycle of NDV from 0-4 hours after virus adsorption resulted in complete suppression of virus yield. The antibiotic complex consists of two main groups: I - A1, B1, C1, D1, E1 and II - A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, each of which possess antiviral activity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The examination of cerebro-spinal fluid in the viroses of the central nervous system (author's transl)].

The general outlines for the isolation of viruses from the cerebro-spinal fluid are described. It is suggested to associate to the virus cultivation of the cerebrospinal fluid even the cultivation from other pathological materials as faringeal swabs and stools and the search for antibodies in the blood serum. Researches of viruses in cerebro-spinal fluid done by the Service of Microbiology of the Hospital of Verona have given in 55 cases examined during the year 1976 2 positive isolates; in both mumps virus has been isolated.

Antibodies, Viral↗