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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Cockade-like vitiligo and linear vitiligo a variant of fitzpatrick's trichrome vitiligo.

The authors report 2 cases of atypical vitiligo in which they observed 1) "cockade-like" lesions resembling those of "trichrome" vitiligo (from the centre to the periphery, achromic area, hypochromic ring, normal or hyperchromic border), 2) numerous linear achromic lesions corresponding to former excoriations (Koebner's phenomenon, isomorphic phenomenon). Related affections are discussed with reference to these cases; the trichrome vitiligo described by Lerner and Fitzpatrick, and the primary leukomelanodermas described in black patients by Basset and by Sarrat and Nouhouayi.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Occupational vitiligo caused by para-tertiary-butylphenol, a trias of vitiligo, hepatosis and struma].

In the period between 1956-1974 twelve cases of occupational vitiligo due to para-tertiary butylphenol were observed. In addition another 12 cases of vitiligo of other etiology occurred. Occupational vitiligo cannot be distinguished from ordinary vitiligo. 21 patients had, aside from their leukodermia a normal thyroid function, and 18 patients showed symptoms of chronic liver damage. The trias of vitiligo, hepatic disease and struma euthyreotica was noticeable. Autoimmunisation tests were positive in cases of vitiligo of unknown etiology. The localization of vitiligo may be compared to viscero-cutaneous reflexes.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Post-traumatic achromia in vitiligo (vitiligo facticio)].

Two patients affected with vitiligo showed achromic lesions in areas of skin apparently normal submitted to the action of external traumatic agents. In the first case the striate linear lesion might be attributed to the excoriation due to pruritus determined by scabies. In the second one an angular lesion in both feet was strictly limited to the areas exposed to the straps of sandals.

Adult↗
PubMed2025

Assessing the causal effect of genetically predicted metabolites and metabolic pathways on vitiligo: Evidence from Mendelian randomization and animal experiments.

Vitiligo is a common chronic skin depigmentation disorder that seriously decreases the patients' overall quality of life. Human blood metabolites could contribute to unraveling the underlying biological mechanisms of vitiligo. We used GWAS summary statistics to assess the causal association between genetically predicted 1400 serum metabolites and vitiligo risk by Mendelian randomization (MR). Then, after constructing the mouse model of vitiligo, we did non-targeted metabolomics analysis on the mouse serum and validated MR's pathway enrichment results ulteriorly. In the initial phase, MR analysis revealed causative associations between 36 metabolites and vitiligo risk, including 8 metabolite ratios and 28 individual metabolites (19 known and 9 unknown metabolites). In the validation stage, 7 metabolites were successfully validated. Of the 28 individual metabolites, most are related to lipid metabolism. Genetically predicted higher 4-oxo-retinoic acid showed the strongest protective effect on vitiligo, while the most potent risk effect was the increase in quinate. The metabolites associated with vitiligo risk are mainly enriched in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arginine biosynthesis and metabolism pathways, validated through the serum metabolomics of vitiligo mouse. By integrating genomics and metabolomics, this study provides new insights into the association between metabolites and vitiligo, highlighting the potential roles of specific metabolites in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. These metabolites associated with vitiligo could serve as new biomarkers, further research could help to reveal how these metabolites influence specific pathways in the development of vitiligo.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of vitiligo with oral corticosteroids.

17 patients with generalized vitiligo and 5 patients with localized vitiligo were treated with oral corticosteroids. Six patients with generalized vitiligo showed over 75% repigmentation in at least one of the patches. Two patients with generalized vitiligo and 1 patient with localized vitiligo showed a partial repigmentation of 25-75%, while 5 patients with generalized vitiligo and 1 patient with localized vitiligo showed a minimal repigmentation of less than 25%. Four patients with generalized vitiligo and 3 patients with localized vitiligo failed to respond. Repigmentation became evident within 4 weeks in most cases, and in general was more markedly noted in exposed areas.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Vitiligo: a new classification and therapy.

Local injection of physostigmine revealed that dermatomally distributed vitiligo was associated with a dysfunction of the sympathetic nerves in the affected skin and that non-dermatomally distributed vitiligo was not. These observations led to the hypothesis that the primary disturbance of dermatomally distributed vitiligo lies in the sympathetic nerves of the affected area and that non-dermatomally distributed vitiligo has its primary disturbance in the melanocyte itself, where an autoimmune mechanism is suspect. Results of therapy supported this hypothesis by showing that topical cortisteroid is effective only in the latter, while the former reacts to oral nialamide. It is proposed that non-dermatomally distributed vitiligo be referred to as Type A and dermatomally distributed vitiligo as Type B.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence of vitiligo. Epidemiological survey on the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark.

The prevalence of vitiligo was 0.38% in 47,033 people in a representative region in Denmark. Both sexes were equally affected. No significant difference was found in the distribution of 179 patients with vitiligo among five municipalities or between urban and rural districts. The age-specific prevalence increased from 0.09% under the age of 10 years to 0.90% in the age group 60 to 69 years. After the age of 70, the prevalence declined. This fall might reflect an increased incidence of vitiligo during the past few decades. The number of new cases of vitiligo increased steadily with advancing age, its onset being most often between the ages of 40 and 60 years. It is assumed that the prevalence of vitiligo in Denmark applies also to the northwestern part of Europe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Quantitative ultrastructural study of the epidermis basal layer in the vitiligo patches and in the marginal hyperchromic and normal skin (author's transl)].

To avoid any bias, the ultramicroscopic examination was performed by the morphologist without knowing whether the material examined was from the vitiligo patch or from the marginal hyperpigmented and normal skin. Only at the end of the investigation, he was informed about the code of the material. He had also been informed about the possibility of receiving skin biopsies from a patient without vitiligo, what in fact was done with the inclusion of one case of albinism. Six cases of vitiligo have been studied. The melanocytes usually have not been observed in the vitiligo patches, where a variable number of Langerhans cells were seen. In the melanocytes reached about 17 p. 100 of the cellular population; Langerhans cells were absents. In the marginal normal skin the average proportion of melanocytes was near 10 p. 100 of the cellular population and the Langerhans have been observed only in one case (1.8 p. 100 of the population). Regarding the keratinocytes of the marginal hyperpigmented and normal skin, respectively 75 p. 100 and 59 p. 100 contained melanin; in the vitiligo patches only in one case keratinocytes contained melanin (2.8 p. 100 of the keratinocytes population as an average).

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Occupational vitiligo induced by p-tert-butylphenol, a systemic disease?

Vitiligo, morphologically indistinguishable from true vitiligo, was detected in 54 of 198 men exposed to p-tert-butylphenol (P.T.B.P.) during its manufacture. There is evidence that P.T.B.P. caused vitiligo by a systemic mechanism and that the severity of the disease was related to the intensity of exposure. No association with autoimmune disease was found. Screening for other possible associated disorders revealed mildly abnormal liver-function tests in 6 workers: liver biopsy confirmed liver damage. Of the 144 men exposed to P.T.B.P. who did not have vitiligo, only 2 had any abnormal liver-function tests. It seems possible that the liver damage is related to P.T.B.P.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1979

Vitiligo patterns simulating autoimmune and rheumatic diseases.

Several variants of generalised vitiligo can be recognised by their cutaneous distribution. In some, certain anatomical regions--e.g., hands--are predominantly affected while the cutaneous depigmentation in other variants shows a similar anatomical distribution to that of the internal structures affected in some of the autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. Five patients have been seen, and three described by others, with vitiligo affecting skin of eyelids and lower front of neck, reminiscent of the anatomical distribution of lesions in thyrotoxicosis with exophthalmos: two of these patients have thyrotoxicosis. Another variant of vitiligo mimicks the anatomical distribution of lesions in ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, and ulcerative colitis and there are cases simulating lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. It is suggested that the parts of the body affected in each vitiligo variant and its corresponding internal disease constitute a set os mosiac patches with distinctive shared characters. These may have morphogenetic functions during embryonic development and be potentially autoantigenic later in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Vitiligo and juvenile diabetes mellitus.

Five juvenile diabetics had vitiligo. In two children, the vitiligo preceded the onset of diabetes. Four of the five patients had thyroid, adrenal, or gastric antibodies or a combination of these. In three children HLA-B8 antigens were detected, and one additional patient had HLA-Bw15. Of eight nondiabetic children with vitiligo, one had abnormal glucose tolerance. To the evidence supporting an autoimmune form of diabetes mellitus we add another observation: the association of insulin-dependent diabetes and childhood vitiligo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Vitiligo in an pair of enzygotic twins].

Investigations of twins can contribute in the investigation of hereditary factors participating in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo. A 28-year-old pair of male twins are presented, whose monovularity was conclusively proved by a comparison of morphological and serological features. Vitiligo developed as a concordant feature at the age of 13 and 22 years respectively. It is noticeable that there was a good concordance of the localisation of the vitiligo in both brothers. This concordance is most probably explained by genetic fixation of the disease, leading to the manifestation of vitiligo. Multifactoral heredity with threshold is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Psychological reaction to chronic skin disorders: a study of patients with vitiligo.

Diseases that cause physical handicaps can seriously interfere with the life of a patient. Some disorders such as vitiligo cosmetically disfigure patients without producing any physical disabilities. The effects of such diseases as vitiligo on the life of a patient have not been widely investigated. The investigation reported here utilized a questionnaire survey to focus on emotional disturbances caused by vitiligo and on the factors that differentiated patients who cope well from those who cope poorly with this stress. The results indicate that the cosmetic disfigurement of a seemingly inconsequential skin disease also can seriously disrupt the lives of a large number of patients. Those who cope well with their disfigurement have higher self-esteem than a matched control group without the disorder. Those who cope poorly have significantly lower self-esteem, which suggests that response to disfiguring diseases is affected by basic ego strength. Younger patients and those individuals in the lower socioeconomic groups show especially poor adjustment. A number of suggestions for better patient care are offered.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1976

HL-A antigens and vitiligo.

HL-A antigens were found with similar frequency in ninety vitiligo patients and in 341 healthy controls. However there was a significant correlation between HL-A13 and vitiligo with antithyroid antibodies. This supports the concept that vitiligo is a syndrome rather than a disease.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

The treatment of vitiligo with topical corticosteroids. Light and electronmicroscopic studies.

Twenty patients with lesions of vitiligo were treated either with 0.I% betamethasone valerate (BV) or with 0.05% clobetasol propionate (CP) creams and similar control areas with placebo preparations. After 3 months of treatment three of the ten patients treated with BV showed a significant amount of repigmentation only in the steroid-treated areas. Only one of the ten patients treated with CP showed partial repigmentation. Using both light and electron microscopy, histological studies of biopsies taken from control- and steroid-treated areas showed a marked repopulation with functional melanocytes in the repigmenting vitiliginous skin. The melanocytes in these steroid-treated repigmented areas were more dendritic and dopa-positive and, unlike melanocytes in the pigmented margins of untreated areas of vitiligo, contained many melanosomes of normal size, shape and melanization. It appears that both topical corticosteroids are of use for the treatment of selected patients with vitiligo and can induce repigmentation of the skin.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical and statistical study of 100 patients with vitiligo. II. Associated lesions].

A study of 100 cases of vitiligo showed the frequency of associated skin and visceral lesions. A skin disease was associated in 24 cases: psoriasis 4 cases, alopecia 4 cases, eczema 3 cases, malignant melanoma 2 cases, dermatitis herpetiformis 1 case, lichen planus 9 cases. However, only one case of Sutton's naevus was noted. Among other associations noted in 28 cases, there were 7 cases of thyroid disease, 5 cases of diabetes, 1 case of chronic rheumatoid arthritis and 3 gastric disorders. The frequency of these various associations was discussed in the light of other authors' reports. If one compares the 21 cases associated with auto-immune disease and the other cases of vitiligo, there was no significant difference for the various parameters studied. Thus the significance of the various biological signs of autoimmunisation remains doubtful and even the precise definition of vitiligo remains uncertain.

Addison Disease↗