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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Australian commissions and committees on issues in bioethics.

We examine the role of Australian state and federal committees and law reform commissions in bioethics. Most have been concerned with in vitro fertilization and embryo research. We find deficiencies in the standards of reasoning about the underlying ethical issues raised by these techniques. We suggest stronger representation of those with a background in ethics.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed1993

Moral philosophy and public policy: the case of NRTs.

In this paper, I will express some reservations about the usefulness of moral philosophy for the analysis of public policy issues.... My question is whether taking morality seriously requires taking moral philosophy seriously. This paper focuses on one particular public policy context -- namely, government commissions into new reproductive technologies, such as Britain's Warnock Committee, Australia's Waller and Michael Committees, Canada's Baird Commission, and many others.... Moral philosophers are sometimes asked to participate in these commissions, either as Commissioners, staff, or expert advisers. How can moral philosophers contribute to the analysis of public policy recommendations on NRTs? A survey of the literature suggests that there are two main views on this question, one of which is ambitious, the other more modest. The ambitious view says that moral philosophers should attempt to persuade Commissioners to adopt the right comprehensive moral theory (e.g. adopt a deontological theory, rather than utilitarianism or contractarianism), and then apply this theory to particular policy questions. The more modest view shies away from promoting a particular moral theory, given that the relative merits of different moral theories are a subject of dispute even amongst moral philosophers. Instead, it says that moral philosophers should attempt to ensure that the Commission's arguments are clear and consistent. On this view, philosophers should focus on identifying conceptual confusions or logical inconsistencies within the Commission's arguments without seeking to influence its choice of the underlying theory.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed1987

When is cloning lawful?

The infertility (Medical Procedures) Act (Victoria) is the first legislation in the common-law world designed to regulate the practice of in vitro fertilization. This act explicitly prohibits "cloning," without providing a definition of this term. The legislative history of the act suggests that it refers only to the production of multiple, identical copies of human individuals. But other scientific procedures, for which cloning is also a correct scientific term, may unintentionally be banned. The act should be amended in order to remove doubts about the position of molecular biologists, cytologists, and cytogeneticists, whose work may involve the production of "clones" of human cells and/or human genes in vitro.

Advisory Committees↗