PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “War”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Follow-up studies of World War II and Korean war prisoners. II. Morbidity, disability, and maladjustments.

US Army veterans taken prisoner (POW's) in World War II and in the Korean War are compared with controls as to hospital admissions from 1946 to 1965 (1954-1965 for Korean War POW's), and as to symptoms, disability, and maladjustments in 1966-1967. Sequelae of the POW experience are both somatic and psychiatric, and are of greatest extent and severity among Pacific World War II POW's. Among European World War II POW's only psychiatric sequelae are apparent. Somatic sequelae were most prevalent in the early years after liberation, but for Pacific World War II POW's they persist in the form of higher hospital admission rates for many specific causes in the most recent period. Nevertheless, persistent psychiatric sequelae (especially psychoneurosis but also schizophrenia) are the more notable and pervasive for both Pacific World War II POW's and Korean War POW's as seen not only in elevated hospital admission rates but also in VA disability awards and in symptoms reported on the cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire. The excess morbidity appears to correlate well with retrospective accounts of weight-loss and nutritional deficiency diseases and symptoms during the POW period.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Modern war surgery: operations in an evacuation hospital during the October 1973 Arab-Israeli war.

A forward evacuation hospital functioned in the southern front in October 1973 Israeli-Arab War as an intermediate unit in the Israeli casualty management logistics. Casualties were characterized by frequent multiple-system injuries and variable combinations of penetrating wounds, blunt trauma, burns, and inhalation injury, with an increased incidence of associated blunt trauma. As the result of the systems organization, the EH was able to provide the wounded with early intensive and definitive resuscitation therapy which permitted further evacuation of the casualties to the central hospitals in a better state of physiological stability. In the most critically wounded when there was imminent threat to survival, operations were performed at the EH as an integral part of the resuscitation process. Performance of operations in a forward evacuation hospital did not increase the number or severity of postoperative complications. Morbidity and mortality were related to the nature and magnitude of injury.

Egypt↗
PubMed1975

Infection in war wounds: experience during the 1973 October War in Israel.

The development of infections in 420 wounded soldiers, admitted to the Hadassah University Hospital in Jerusalem between October 7, 1973 and November 31, 1973, was studied. An attempt was made to relate the development of infection to the type of injury. The overall infection rate was 22%, but varied with the type of injury. Three "risk factors" were found to be associated with infection regardless of the number of injuries: 1)penetrating abdominal wounds involving the colon; 2) fractures involving the femur; 3) burns involving more than 25% of body surface. In patients with comparable injuries, the presence of infection was found to prolong the duration of hospitalization. Pseudomonas was the most common single pathogen. There were no cases of myonecrosis (gas gangrene). Of the 8 soliders who died, 5 died with or because of infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The PR war isn't the real war.

Although hospitals are losing the competition for headlines and television news time, public opinion can make itself evident with astonishing force when hospitals are threatened.

Hospital Planning↗
PubMed1976

[Psychological approach to the prevention of war].

War is a complex social situation due to the interplay of multiple factors. Economical and political ones are of utmost importance, but human attitudes and motivations must be also taken into account. Being desirable to modify human transactions in such a way that they do not interfere with the basic right of everyone to a condition of physical and mental well-being, war must be abolished. The author contends that an understanding of behaviour through Psychology can be helpful in that aim. Aggression is considered the principal psychological cause of war. It is worth while to differentiate between aggression as an instrument for attaining a special end, and as pure hostility. Only in the first form, it is held here, does it play an important role in war. Psychogists must deal also with a wide range of states of mind that can be "served" by aggression: feelings of inferiority or insecurity, fear, greed, projections, compensations, rationalizations, etc. Scientific approach is not the only one Physiology brings to war prevention. It is equally important the wide dissemination of its conclusions among the general public. Information on the dynamics that prompt people to decide war would make it easier to control. This applies not only to political or military leaders, but also to civil populations. Concerning those two possible contributions of psychologists, scientific and educative, it is suggested the extensive use of psychodramatic techniques. Their richness lie in the lifelike experiences they convey to the participants, and particular aptitude to promote changes of attitudes. Investigation and information on the psychological processes related to war should be undertaken by international organizations of social scientists, acting simultaneously in several countries. Some of the initial steps they could further: 1) that prevention of war be a current subject matter in psychological courses; 2) that the World Health Organization take interest in this subject; 3) that psychologists participate in international political and economical bodies in order to clarify the psychological factors leading to war.

Aggression↗
PubMed2026

Antibiotic Self-Medication and Public Awareness During the 2023 Gaza War: A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance is driven by inappropriate antibiotic use, particularly self-medication. The 2023 Gaza War disrupted healthcare services, increasing resistant infections and reliance on self-treatment practices. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of antibiotic self-medication and assess public awareness during the 2023 Gaza War. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May and October 2025 among adults residing in the Gaza Strip during the 2023 Gaza War. A multistage non-probability recruitment strategy, organized across predefined governorate and residential-setting strata, was used to recruit 422 participants from primary healthcare centers, community pharmacies, and displacement shelters. The questionnaire demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's &#x3b1;&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.857). Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant institutional review board, and informed consent was secured from all participants. RESULTS: The overall KAP score was moderate (67.46%), with attitudes scoring highest (74.62%), followed by knowledge (66.23%) and practices (61.52%). Reported antibiotic self-medication increased from 60.4% before the war to 80.6% during the war (p < 0.001), with significant changes in reasons for self-medication and antibiotic procurement sources. The mean antimicrobial-resistance perception score was 82.19 &#xb1; 11.10%, and knowledge was strongly correlated with the total KAP score (r&#x202f;=&#x202f;0.836, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Reported antibiotic self-medication was markedly higher during the 2023 Gaza War despite moderate public awareness, highlighting the urgent need for education, antibiotic stewardship, and improved healthcare accessibility.

Gaza War 2023↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reconstructive surgery in war injuries of the bones and joints].

The basic problems of bone-and-joint surgery with special emphasis on war injuries and the role of reconstructive surgery in relieving the gravest consequences of war injuries are discussed. Since bone and joint injuries rank high among the war injuries with a share of over 70% including more than 30% of fractures, they pose not only a serious medical and surgical but also a major public health problem. The economic and social consequences of these injuries are further aggravated by the necessity for prolonged treatment and multiple surgical interventions. The basic preconditions which must be fulfilled for bone healing to take place are discussed in the light of the ultimate goal of all therapeutic efforts. i.e. restoration of full functional ability of the injured extremity. The importance of bone fragment immobilization for the process of bone healing is emphasized. Impaired bone healing, resulting from insufficient immobilization or inadequate reposition of bone fragments, is a common problem with war fractures, mainly because of the great forces involved and extensive destruction of bone and all other surrounding tissues. One of the main features of war fractures is delayed bone healing caused by massive circulatory defects in the injured bone. Some special problems attending war injuries, such as pseudarthroses and associated defects, soft tissue infections and defects, may only be effectively solved by cooperation with a plastic-vascular- or neurosurgeon. In one and joint surgery profound understanding of the physiology, pathophysiology and biomechanics of bone healing, knowledge of modern methods of osteosynthesis, skill in the management of bone and other infections as well as knowledge of the latest developments in postoperative care are essential for achieving satisfactory therapeutic results. Availability of various implants and a wide range of surgical instruments is a precondition which needs no further discussion. It is only in this way that the most promising course of action can be selected for each wounded person individually, a course of action which will, in the shortest possible time and the most convenient manner, lead to the desired therapeutic goal, i.e. restoration of satisfactory bone and joint function.

Arthrography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of the Gulf War in Israel--report from a rural family medical practice.

Throughout the 1991 Gulf War a rural Family Medicine practice in central Israel, situated 20 km from the nearest Scud missile attack area, continued to operate normally. During this period a reduction of more than 50% in clinic visits was recorded. The volume of requests for emergency care remained unchanged but elective hospital admissions decreased. Surprisingly, few new patients were diagnosed with anxiety states and no marked increase was registered in anxiolytic drug prescribing. Many patients, however, expressed feelings of deviance for not conforming with nationally sanctioned and endorsed anxiety levels. The decline in clinic visits noted was probably mediated through a temporary drop in practice accessibility due to the altered population mobility patterns caused by the war. During the 1991 Gulf War the Israeli population suffered not only the general stresses and strains of being in an active war zone but also the real tensions and anxieties associated with night-time attacks on the country by Iraqi Scud missiles. This article describes some of the ways which one rural family medicine practice in central Israel was affected by the dramatic if short-lived events of this war.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2025

A study of the link between food-water insecurities and self-reported psychotic experiences among young adults in Gaza Strip: What role does social support play under conditions of war and extreme suffering?

BACKGROUND: The war in Gaza, coupled with severe restrictions on humanitarian access and assistance, have led to a rapid and large-scale exacerbation of food insecurity (FI) and water insecurity (WI) in Gaza, which can cause a myriad of deleterious effects on both physical and mental health. Previous evidence suggests that environmental stressors (such as FI and WI), coupled with lack of support, can compromise coping ability and trigger psychosis. Elucidation of these pathways can inform efforts to reduce the incidence of psychosis in war settings in particular, and in global communities more generally. This study aimed to assess the mediating role of social support on the association between food-water insecurities and psychotic experiences (PEs). METHODS: This study was carried-out over a period of one month (September 2024) by using a free online form builder. Data were collected at a single time point using snowball sampling. A total of 476 adults aged 18&#x2013;35 years and living in Gaza at the time of the survey took part in this study. The Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, the Four-Item Household Water Insecurity Experiences Scale, and the Single Item Measure of Social Supports have been administered to participants. RESULTS: A total of 110 participants (23.1%) reported low tangible social support (i.e., having no or 1 person in the social support network), 27.3% were classified as moderately-to-severely food insecure and 41% were categorized as water-insecure. The mediation analysis was adjusted for the following covariates: marital status, living arrangement and age. Higher food-water insecurity experiences were significantly associated with lower social support. Higher food-water insecurity experiences were also significantly associated with higher PEs. Higher social support was significantly associated with lower PEs. The results of the mediation analysis showed that social support mediated the link of FI (indirect effect: Beta&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.06; Boot SE&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.03; Boot CI 0.01; 0.12) and WI (indirect effect: Beta&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.04; Boot SE&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.02; Boot CI 0.01; 0.08) to PEs. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the case for bolstering social support networks in war-affected communities facing survival challenges such as FI and WI. This study points to the urgent need for increased food aid and improved water supplies in the short term, and sustainable food and water systems in the long term, to support mental health. In times of war, mental health prevention and interventions strategies might do well to increase social support and resources in order to help buffer such intense environmental stressors and prevent the emergence of psychosis. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Musculoskeletal injuries in the Afghan war.

Among the 1274 patients admitted to a Pakistan border hospital from 1985 to 1987, the distribution and outcome of musculoskeletal war injuries differed from those seen in other conflicts. Serious complications from injuries were found in approximately 50 per cent of patients, of which most were wound infections, chronic osteomyelitis, and restriction of joint motion. Guerrillas in the Afghan war had no access to acute medical treatment in the field. Many patients died before reaching the hospital, as reflected in the low proportion of paraxial injuries; very high complication rates were noted for all injuries. Although some complications, such as soft tissue infection and foreign body retention are not site specific, other complications such as contracture, non-union, loss of range of motion, and chronic osteomyelitis are highly related to the region injured. Early surgical management and evacuation of those with musculoskeletal war injuries can greatly improve the outcome from war trauma and reduce the subsequent disability. However, the increasing use of hand-held anti-aircraft missiles may prevent the rapid evacuation of the wounded in future conflicts, and may make the situation seen in Afghanistan more common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The effect of the Yom Kippur war on anxiety level in Israeli children.

Peacetime and wartime anxiety levels in fifth and sixth grade Israeli boys and girls (N = 85) were compared as a function of sex, socioeconomic status, degree of war related stress, and self-concept. The Sarason General Anxiety Scale and the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale had been administered to the children in May, 1973. The anxiety scale was readministered along with a war stress questionnaire during the Yom Kippur War in December, 1973. The general anxiety level of the children nearly doubled, with the children who reported the lowest peacetime anxiety levels reporting the highest wartime levels. Contrary to expectation, the rise in anxiety level was not related to personal war stress or to self-concept.

Anxiety↗