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The use of test results from ASA workshops to evaluate workshop effectiveness.

Results of tests given to participants in six American Society of Anesthesiologists workshops were analyzed to detemine whether attendance at the workshops increased the participants' scores on sequential tests. Those who attended the workshops took the same test prior to, immediately after, and three months after the workshop. Two control groups of anesthesiologists took the tests in the same time sequence for comparison. Both workshop and control groups increased their scores with each successive test. In only one instance did those who attended the workshop improve their scores significantly more than did the control group. Because of difficulties inherent in designing valid and reliable tests, further development of the testing technique currently used at the workshops is necessary to make it a useful measure of workshop effectiveness.

Anesthesiology

[Patients with severe multiple handicaps in workshops for the handicapped--a project of the Berlin Workshops for the Handicapped GmbH (BWB) 4 December 1989 to 31 May 1990].

A project had been carried out at Berliner Werkstätten für Behinderte GmbH (BWB) aimed at integrating cerebral palsied persons with very severe, multiple disability in a workshop for the disabled. Client workshop readiness had been determined on the criteria of social capacity, extraordinary care need at the workplace, and economic viability of work. The project, planned to last 6 months, had to be discontinued because the 9 disabled persons included in this programme refused to cooperate after a short period of time.

Activities of Daily Living

[Workshops: the workshop as a didactic form for the presentation of clinical practice in public health nursing].

The use of the workshop as a didactical method in the presentation of clinical practica to community health nursing students at the distance teaching University of South Africa is described. The large number of students enrolled for this course at UNISA presented logistical problems to the services which offered opportunities for clinical practica to students. An outline of the course, as well as the objectives for the workshop, the contents, techniques applied and the evaluation is given.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate

National Institutes of Health workshop summary. Summary and recommendations of a workshop on the investigative use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in individuals with asthma.

The participants in the workshop reached unanimous consensus that, as an investigative tool, BAL has enormous potential for extending knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of asthma. When BAL is used according to these guidelines, maximum knowledge may be gained with minimal risks to study subjects. However, we wish to emphasize that the extent to which the safety of the procedure applies to those subjects with asthma and more symptoms and an FEV1 of less than 60% of predicted value remains to be established by carefully controlled clinical investigations.

Asthma

A National Institutes of Health Workshop Report. Cellular and molecular mechanisms for suppression and reversion of tumorigenicity. A Chemical Pathology Study Section workshop.

A workshop organized by the Chemical Pathology Study Section was convened to discuss recent findings on the suppression and/or reversal of neoplastic transformation. The existence of specific genes involved in suppressing tumorigenicity has been clearly demonstrated by molecular and cytogenetic analyses of tumor and normal cells from individuals predisposed to develop specific malignancies and by studies of hybrids between normal and neoplastic cells. The malignancy of tumor cells can be suppressed in hybrids with normal cells despite the continued expression of activated oncogenes. Reversal of the malignant state can also be affected by placing tumor cells in certain embryonic environments, such as the mouse blastocyst, or in response to differentiation inducing factors. The numerous examples of suppression and reversal of malignancy indicate that this is an important area for future study which may lead to new methods to control cancer.

Animals

Introduction: workshop summary of the CD15 monoclonal antibody panel from the Fifth International Workshop on Leukocyte Antigens.

CD15 is expressed on a wide variety of tumor cells including myeloid leukemia, breast, colorectal, lung cancer cells. It is probable that the core proteins and lipids differ on the different cell types since there is marked variability in the binding of the mAb within and among the different cell types. Previously, there had only been a single mAb of the IgG class directed to CD15. The present study demonstrates the existence of one more IgG mAb (an IgG3). Unfortunately, a third mAb submitted as an IgG1, MA14, did not appear to be an IgG in our studies and a fourth mAb, MA9, submitted as an IgG1 did not have significant binding activity and also could not be confirmed as anti-CD15. An interesting finding was that all of the mAb could mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity with rabbit serum. However, the two IgG3 mAb, MA63 (MCS-1) and MA88 (7C3), could not mediate lysis with human complement, while all of the IgM mAb could do so. It is not clear why this difference exists. CD15 is known to be expressed on mature myeloid cells in the hematopoietic lineage. The expression of CD15 on progenitor cells has been mapped by the indirect method of C'-dependent lysis and measurement of colony-forming cells. These studies have estimated that about 50% of normal CFU-GM express CD15. In the present workshop, we examined the expression of CD15 on a quantifiable cell population, the CD34 positive population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals