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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Fractures of the zygoma. A geometric, biomechanical, and surgical analysis.

We present a four-part study of the cosmetic results of common zygomatic fracture reduction techniques: (1) a geometric analysis of an idealized paper and clay model; (2) a topographic analysis of zygomatic fractures in the dry skull; (3) a biomechanical analysis of fixation techniques in the fresh cadaver; and (4) a retrospective and prospective review of our clinical experience. The following are concluded: Alignment of the fracture at three points and fixation at two stable points provide the most accurate and satisfactory postoperative results. Masseteric contraction may cause late displacement in poorly fixed fractures. Two-point interosseous fixation at the "buttress" fracture and the frontozygomatic fracture is suitable for routine surgery. The infraorbital rim may be aligned through the gingivobuccal sulcus incision. Transcutaneous incisions may be limited to the brow incision. The transconjunctival approach is suitable for orbital floor repair.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

Zygomatic fractures in the emergency department: evaluation and treatment.

Diagnosis of zygomatic fractures in the emergency department is possible by history and clinical signs together with a routine series of facial bone x-ray films. Three case reports are submitted to illustrate this approach, one case with obvious clinical signs and x-ray findings and two "unclear" cases where either the physical findings or the x-ray findings were equivocal. There may be pain, tenderness, cheekbone displacement subconjuctive hemorrhage and numbness, enophthalmos, and blurred vision. A Water's view is recommended for x-ray films. Zygomatic fractures are best treated in five to seven days; eye signs indicate earlier treatment. To treat, expose the probable fracture site and reduce under direct vision. The zygoma can be immobilized by passing a Kirschner wire through the body of the zygoma medially towards and through the lateral wall of the nose and into the bony nasal septum.

Emergency Service, Hospital↗
PubMed1979

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy. An ophthalmic appearance.

Fullness developed in the left side of a 5-month-old male infant's face in the region of the zygoma. An incisional biopsy specimen showed the mass to be a melanotic neuroectodermal tumor, and radical excision was performed. There has been no recurrence of the tumor one year later. Tumors of this type occur in the face, particularly in the maxilla, and have only rarely been reported around the orbit.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Resorption of the zygomatic arch after elevation of a depressed fracture and subsequent osteomyelitis: report of case.

A case of osteomyelitis of the zygomatic arch with complete resorption has been presented. The cause of osteomyelitis of the facial bones was discussed. Infection of the soft tissue after intraoral elevation of fractured zygomas does occur, but rarely leads to osteomyelitis and subsequent bony resorption of the underlying bone. Antibiotics have reduced the incidence of osteomyelitic infections in the past 20 years; however, a vigorous regimen of preoperative and postoperative attention to aseptic technique, proper antibiotics, and close follow-up is required to control these problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Surgical correction of infraorbital-maxillary deficiency.

Patients who have a maxilla that is retruded or hypoplastic, or both, but who have a mandible of normal position and size, will have degrees of flatness in the middle third of the face. Using systematic clinical evaluation and cephalometric skeletal analysis, a clinically recognizable facial deformity manifested by retrusion or hypoplasia, or both, of the maxilla, anterior zygoma, and infraorbital rims has been recognized. This deformity has been classified as infraorbital maxillary deficiency. The purpose of this paper is to describe an infraorbital-maxillary osteotomy for correction of this dentofacial deformity and to give a rationale for its use. The design of this osteotomy is determined by the skeletal deformity and can be classified as either low or high. The objective is to produce simultaneously a functional occlusion and facial harmony. Two of eight cases corrected by this surgical treatment are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Malar bone fractures: experimental fractures on the dried skull and clinical sensory disturbances.

To improve understanding of malar bone fracture, experimental fractures on dried skulls and clinical sensory dysfunctions were investigated. In the experimental study, the fracture lines are largely confined to the suture lines between the zygoma and neighbouring bones in addition to the maxillo-ethmoidal suture. Antral walls, anterior and posterior, are relatively free from fracture lines in the region of the superior dental plexus. This coincides with the findings of dento-alveolar sensory disturbances which are relatively lower in incidence and earlier in recovery than those following Le Fort type fractures. To study this sensory status gives interesting information about the fracture lines and the anatomical course of the superior dental nerves.

Gingiva↗
PubMed1978

Infratemporal fossa approach to tumours of the temporal bone and base of the skull.

In spite of the development of a superior (middle cranial fossa) and posterior (translabyrinthine) approach to the temporal bone, tumours situated in the infralabyrinthine and apical compartments of the pyramid and surrounding base of the skull were still a challenge for neurosurgeons and otologists as well. The infratemporal fossa approach closes the existing gap in the surgical management of the most hidden lesions of the temporal bone. The approach features the permanent anterior transposition of the facial nerve, resection of the mandibular condyle and mobilization of the zygoma and lateral orbital rim. Obliteration of the pneumatic spaces of the temporal bone, with permanent occlusion of the Eustachian tube and blind sac closure of the external auditory canal, avoids the danger of post-operative infection and leads to primary wound healing in the shortest time. Three types of infratemporal fossa approach are presented and dicussed on the basis of 51 operated patients.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1979

Use of transverse Kirschner wires in comminuted facial fractures.

Although most facial fractures can be well managed with open reduction and direct wiring of the fracture sites, this treatment is inadequate for some comminuted fractures and further fixation is required. At Charity Hospital in New Orleans transverse Kirschner wires have been routinely used to stabilize the zygoma in these cases. Although this technic has been described previously, its indications, advantages, and limitations are not widely appreciated. Eight recent cases are presented to demonstrate the technic, and alternative methods of treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Expansile lesion of the posterior maxilla in an adult male.

A case of odontogenic fibromyxoma of over 5 years' duration which was evident roentgenographically (but not diagnosed) at the time of treatment for a fractured zygoma of the ipsilateral side is presented. The rate of growth did not appear to be significantly altered by trauma. The tumor was successfully treated by enucleation and curettage with removal of the associated teeth. No evidence of recurrence was noted 6 months postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A new radiographic technique for fractures of the orbit and maxilla.

A variant oblique posture of the head is described which eliminates most superimposition in radiographic examination of the orbit and maxilla. The position is simply attained without extraordinary equipment, is comfortable for the patient since there is no pressure on injured parts, and often obviates the need for planigraphy. The following injuries are demonstrated best: displacement at the frontozygomatic suture; deformity of the orbital floor and its distance from the anterior orbital rim; degree of depression of the anterior zygoma, antral wall, and alveolus; and vertical displacement of the zygomatic arch.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1977

Late effects of condylar irradiation in a child: review of the literature and report of case.

An unusual case in which hypertrophy of the mandibular condyle and hypoplasia of the maxilla and zygoma were observed in an 8-year-old child who had been irradiated at age 2 for malignant disease has been presented. Pertinent literature on the effect of irradiation of epiphyseal centers of growing bone has been reviewed. Consideration has been given to the possible mechanisms operative in producing the aberrations observed in this case, but the precise etiology remains obscure.

Child↗
PubMed1977

[Late reconstruction of the orbital floor and zygomatic prominence with a readily vascularized plastic].

An implant made from a new artificial substance "Proplast" consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon is suitable for the secondary treatment of fractures of the orbital floor and zygoma. Histomorphological studies in animal experiments show rapid vascularisation and tissue ingrowth, which lead to permanent fixation of the implant. Clinical experiments confirm its suitability for the correction of displacement of the eyeball and enophthalmos as well as in the re-establishment of the zygomatic arch. For cosmetic reasons a new operative approach through a combined cantho-conjunctival incision is recommended.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1978

Implant of articular eminence for recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint.

Hypermobility of the temporomandibular joint is often caused by trauma, by opening the mouth too wide, by having a mouth forced open during general anesthesia procedures, or by dental procedures. The capsule may be stretched to an extent that dislocation occurs more easily thereafter. An implant of Vitallium mesh attached to the zygoma to restrict anterior movement of the condyle is used to prevent recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint.

Dental Implantation↗