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Results for “chemotherapy”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1985

High rate of long-term survival in adult acute leukemia following ten-day chemotherapy (OAP) induction. Maintenance with chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus BCG vaccine.

In this Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) study, 216 adults with acute leukemia were treated with ten-day chemotherapy consisting of vincristine sulfate (Oncovin), cytarabine (ara-C) (100 mg per square meter of body area per day by 24-hour infusion), and prednisone (ten-day OAP). The results were compared with those of a previous SWOG study in which cytarabine (200 mg per square meter of body area per day) was given for five days (five-day OAP). Patients entering complete remission (CR) were given three consolidation courses of five-day OAP and randomized to maintenance chemotherapy alone (32 patients) or combined with BCG vaccine (24 patients). For 160 previously untreated patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, there was no difference in remission rates (53% vs 43%) or median survival times (48 vs 47 weeks) between ten-day and five-day OAP. The difference in duration of CR (74 vs 54 weeks, respectively) between the two maintenance arms was not statistically significant. However, 14% of evaluable patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and 26% of those achieving CR were alive and in remission more than five years.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1985

[Chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer: clinical evaluation of chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer and adjuvant chemotherapy for deeply invasive bladder cancer following radical cystectomy].

Sixteen patients with locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer were treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DDP) alone or in combination with other drugs. Eight patients were given cis-DDP intravenously, 6 patients intraarterially and 2 by both methods. Seven patients (44%) showed a partial response, 2 showed a minor response and 4 remained unchanged. Of the 6 patients treated with arterial infusion, 3 achieved a partial response while only 2 of the 8 patients administered intravenously showed a partial response. Eight patients with deeply invasive bladder cancer were treated with cis-DDP alone or in combination with other drugs following radical cystectomy. Cis-DDP was administered every week for 3 courses and every month for 12 courses at a dose of 50 mg and cis-DDP, adriamycin and 5-FU (CAF) were administered at 3 weeks interval for 3 courses and every month for 12 courses. All patients in this group were alive with a median survival of 20 months. One patient had a recurrence 5 months postoperatively. Adjuvant chemotherapy with cis-DDP or their combination was effective. Toxicity was generally tolerable.

Aged↗

PubMed2026

Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (HARMONi): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND: Ivonescimab has shown clinical efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC whose disease progressed after third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. METHODS: HARMONi is a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial done at 114 cancer centres and hospitals across Asia, Europe, and North America. Eligible patients were aged at least 18 years (upper limit: 75 years in Asia) with stage IIIB/IIIC or IV non-squamous EGFR-mutated NSCLC, disease progression after treatment with a third-generation EGFR-TKI, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 or 1. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) via a centralised interactive voice response system or interactive web response system to receive ivonescimab (20 mg/kg) or placebo plus pemetrexed (500 mg/m2) and carboplatin (target area under the curve 5 mg/mL per min) intravenously every 3 weeks. Randomisation was stratified by brain metastases status at enrolment and geographical region. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival by blinded independent radiology review committee and overall survival in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed in patients who received at least one dose of trial treatment. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06396065), has completed enrolment, and is ongoing for treatment and follow-up. FINDINGS: From Jan 25, 2022, to Oct 1, 2024, 660 individuals were screened for eligibility; of these, 438 were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive ivonescimab plus chemotherapy or placebo plus chemotherapy (219 per group). Of enrolled patients, 257 (59%) were female and 181 (41%) were male; 306 (70%) reported race as Asian, and 105 (24%) as White. At a median follow-up of 22·3 months (95% CI 21·5-23·0), 275 progression or death events had occurred in 345 patients (129 events among 172 patients in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy group and 146 events among 173 patients in the placebo plus chemotherapy group). Median progression-free survival was 6·8 months (95% CI 5·7-7·1) in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy group versus 4·4 months (4·1-5·5) in the placebo plus chemotherapy group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·52; 95% CI 0·41-0·66; p<0·0001). At a median follow-up of 29·7 months (95% CI 27·7-31·0), 262 deaths occurred in 438 patients (122 in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy group and 140 in the placebo plus chemotherapy group). Median overall survival was 16·8 months (14·3-19·0) in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy group versus 14·0 months (12·8-15·7) in the placebo plus chemotherapy group (HR 0·79; 0·62-1·01). The most common grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus the placebo plus chemotherapy group were decreased neutrophil count (42 [19%] of 218 vs 36 [17%] of 218), decreased white blood cell count (28 [13%] vs 24 [11%]), decreased platelet count (27 [12%] vs 14 [6%]), and anaemia (22 [10%] vs 27 [12%]). Serious treatment-related adverse events occurred in 61 (28%) patients in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy group and 33 (15%) patients in the placebo plus chemotherapy group. Treatment-related adverse events led to death in four patients (disease progression, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and hepatic failure, each in one patient; gastrointestinal haemorrhage and pulmonary embolism in one patient) in the ivonescimab plus chemotherapy group and five patients (pneumonitis, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, cognitive disorder, and embolic stroke, each in one patient) in the placebo plus chemotherapy group. INTERPRETATION: Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy showed a clinically meaningful and statistically significant progression-free survival benefit in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC after progression on EGFR-TKI therapy. The clinical benefit and lack of new safety signals of ivonescimab with chemotherapy support the potential for the combination as a new treatment option in this patient population. FUNDING: Summit Therapeutics.

Humans↗

PubMed1986

Chemotherapy versus chemotherapy plus irradiation in limited small cell lung cancer. Results of a controlled trial with 5 years follow-up.

One hundred and forty-five patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer were included in a randomized trial to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy with or without chest irradiation. Seventy-six patients were allotted chemotherapy alone while 69 patients received the same chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, 40 Gy in split-course, administered in weeks 6 and 10 after the initiation of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy consisted of lomustine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methotrexate. Patients treated with chemotherapy alone survived for a median of 52 weeks compared to 44 weeks in patients receiving the combined regimen (P = 0.055). After exclusion of five early deaths and one patient refusing the irradiation plus 14 completely resected patients, the remaining 65 patients receiving chemotherapy alone and the 60 patients treated with chemotherapy plus radiotherapy were included in a new analysis. The difference in survival duration which could be ascribed to treatment with or without chest irradiation thereby diminished (P = 0.24). Eighteen months' disease-free survival was obtained in 9.2% of the 65 patients and in 9.8% of the 60 patients. The complete remission rates were 37% and 46%, respectively, (P = 0.33) and the median durations of complete remission were 40 weeks and 52 weeks (P = 0.67). Treatment failure of the primary tumour occurred in 85% of patients treated with chemotherapy alone in contrast to 61% of patients receiving the combined regimen (P = 0.005). Seventy-nine of these patients underwent autopsy at which no residual chest disease was observed in 17% and 37%, respectively (P = 0.045). The combined regimen was more toxic than chemotherapy alone resulting in significantly greater dose reductions and more pronounced thrombocytopenia. Lung and pericardial fibrosis was responsible for four deaths among the complete responders in the radiotherapy group. The combined regimen thus tended to be more efficacious with respect to tumour control at the expense, however, of increased toxicity which per se, eliminated a potential improvement of the overall therapeutical results.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1986

Randomized trial comparing chemotherapy alone and chemotherapy plus chest irradiation in limited stage small cell lung cancer: a preliminary report.

In order to assess the effectiveness of chest irradiation in addition to intensive chemotherapy in limited stage small cell lung cancer, 50 patients were randomized to receive either chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy plus chest irradiation, between April 1981 and October 1985. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of a four-drug combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, and procarbazine, and a three-drug combination of etoposide, adriamycin, and nimustine, given alternately every 8 weeks. One group of 26 patients received the chemotherapy alone, and another group of 24 patients received chest irradiation with 40 Gy between cycles 1 and 2 of the chemotherapy. Complete response rates were quite similar in the two groups; 50% for those receiving chemotherapy alone, and 59% for those receiving chemotherapy plus chest irradiation. There were no significant differences in median survival (15 months versus 12 months) and in long-term survival rates between the two groups with a median follow-up period of 26 months. The combined modality treatment was more toxic than chemotherapy alone; two patients receiving such treatment died of radiation pneumonitis. It is concluded that chest irradiation combined with chemotherapy does not affect the response rate, survival, or pattern of recurrence in patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMed1986

Importance of primary site in assessing chemotherapy response and 7-year survival data in advanced squamous-cell carcinomas of the head and neck treated with initial combination chemotherapy without cisplatin.

Two hundred eight patients with advanced head and neck squamous-cell carcinomas were treated between 1975 and 1982 with schedule A chemotherapy containing vincristine, bleomycin, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and hydrocortisone administered over 24 hours followed by a folinic acid rescue. Chemotherapy was administered as initial treatment on days 1 and 14 before "curative" local therapy. Toxicity was minimal and patient compliance was 100%. Chemotherapy response was assessed on day 28 in 200 patients: 132 (66%) had an objective response and 68 (34%) were judged to be nonresponders. The complete remission (CR) rate following local therapy was significantly greater in chemotherapy responders (78%) than nonresponders (49%) (P less than .001). Overall median survival figures were 32 months for all patients, 37 months for all chemotherapy responders, and 69 months for all patients achieving CR. Analysis by tumor site showed that oral cavity or nasopharyngeal tumors responded well to initial chemotherapy (P less than .05 and P less than .01) compared with all other sites. This high response rate was not necessarily associated with increased survival, since the median survival of chemotherapy responders for oral cavity lesions was only 22 months, although in nasopharyngeal tumors, median survival figures were 64 months. Furthermore, the longest median survival duration of 69 months was observed in patients with laryngeal tumors, although these had a lower response rate (61%) to initial chemotherapy. Therefore, response to initial chemotherapy is not automatically a favorable prognostic sign. Survival figures appear markedly influenced by tumor site.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMed1987

[Evaluation of chemotherapy in advanced urothelial carcinoma: with special reference to combination chemotherapy with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin (ACE chemotherapy)].

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Aged↗

PubMed2026

Older adults with resectable gastric cancer undergoing perioperative chemotherapy or preoperative chemoradiotherapy plus perioperative chemotherapy: A secondary analysis of the AGITG TOPGEAR phase III trial.

PURPOSE: To evaluate treatment adherence, adverse events, and survival in older (≥70 years) adults undergoing perioperative treatment for gastric cancer. METHODS: Patients with resectable gastric/gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (ECOG 0-1) enrolled in the phase III TOPGEAR trial were randomized to perioperative chemotherapy (ECF/ECX or FLOT) alone or perioperative chemotherapy plus preoperative chemoradiotherapy (45 Gy in 25 fractions with concurrent fluoropyrimidine). In this exploratory analysis, treatment completion, grade ≥ 3 adverse events (CTCAE v3.0), surgical outcomes, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between older and younger adults. RESULTS: Of the 574 patients enrolled, 135 (24%) were ≥ 70 years. Older adults more frequently required preoperative chemotherapy dose reductions, omissions, or delays (chemoradiotherapy: 55% vs 35%, p = 0.004; chemotherapy: 60% vs 48%, p = 0.087). Rates of grade ≥ 3 adverse events were comparable between older and younger patients (chemoradiotherapy: 66% vs 67%, p = 0.874; chemotherapy: 68% vs 59%, p = 0.220), but older adults more often had hematologic toxicity and grade ≥ 3 diarrhea in the chemotherapy group (56% vs 37%, p = 0.006; 21% vs 6%, p < 0.001). Resection rates, grade 3/4 surgical complications, number of removed lymph nodes, and 30-/90-day mortality were similar by age. OS and PFS were comparable across age groups, with numerically favorable outcomes for older adults (OS: HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.58-1.26 [chemoradiotherapy]; HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.51-1.11 [chemotherapy]; PFS: HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.53-1.15 [chemoradiotherapy]; HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.47-1.03 [chemotherapy]). CONCLUSIONS: Older adults with gastric cancer achieved comparable oncologic outcomes to younger patients, despite more frequent treatment modifications and higher hematologic toxicity.

Humans↗

PubMed1990

A randomized comparison of standard chemotherapy versus alternating chemotherapy and maintenance versus no maintenance therapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a phase III study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

The present randomized, prospective study was designed to assess whether alternating induction cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine-altretamine (hexamethylmelamine), etoposide, and methotrexate (CAV-HEM) chemotherapy is better than standard chemotherapy (CAV) in improving response, survival, and remission time in 577 evaluable patients having extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). In addition, the study was designed to assess the impact of maintenance chemotherapy following a complete response (CR) on the time to progression and survival. The response rates (CR plus partial response [PR]) for CAV-HEM and CAV were 64% and 61%, respectively, but 23% of the patients on CAV-HEM achieved a CR compared with 16% for CAV alone (P = .03). Among complete responders, the continuation of therapy significantly increased the remission time for patients on CAV, while maintenance therapy for patients on CAV-HEM had no significant impact on remission time. However, the increased remission had little effect on survival. Patients on CAV maintenance therapy survived marginally longer than those patients on no maintenance therapy, whereas patients who received CAV-HEM and no maintenance therapy survived longer than those on maintenance therapy. CAV-HEM was associated with significantly higher severity of complications (ie, mainly myelosuppression) than CAV (P = .01). Maintenance chemotherapy was associated with significantly more complications than no maintenance therapy. Patients on CAV-HEM lived significantly longer than those on CAV alone (45.9 weeks v 42.7 weeks; P = .002). Ten percent of patients treated on CAV-HEM survived at least 2 years, compared with 4% on CAV alone. In our study involving patients with extensive-disease SCLC, the alternating induction chemotherapy significantly increased the CR rates and had a small impact on long-term survival compared with the results achieved with standard induction chemotherapy. Moreover, when the alternating induction chemotherapy was used, long-term maintenance chemotherapy was not needed.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Intermittent administration of the combination chemotherapy with cis-platin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (cyclic-PAC chemotherapy) for the ovarian cancers].

Despite cis-platin-based combination chemotherapy with initially high response rates in advanced ovarian cancer, the overall survival rate remains unsatisfactory. This prompted us to design a new systematic approach using a combination chemotherapy consisting of cis-platin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (PAC), namely cyclic-PAC chemotherapy: Three-step chemotherapies consisting of 3 courses of the PAC regimen in each step were administered for 18 months to patients with Stage Ic-IV, after cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. In the present study, the survival rate with the cyclic-PAC chemotherapy was compared to that with short course-PAC and FAM (5-Fu, Alkylating agent and Mitomycin C) chemotherapies. The cyclic-PAC, PAC and FAM groups included 24 cases, 31 cases and 30 cases, respectively. Treatment of Stage Ic-IV diseases by cyclic-PAC improved the outcome (66% 3-year survival rate) compared to PAC and FAM groups (PAC 35% and FAM 30% 3-year survival rates), while no difference was observed between PAC and FAM. The outcome for patients with Stage III. IV was also superior for the cyclic-PAC group compared to the PAC and FAM groups (cyclic-PAC 54%, PAC 18% and FAM 13% 3-year survival rates). Cyclic-PAC chemotherapy is capable of dramatically improving the long-term survival rate of ovarian cancer patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[A randomized controlled study of PSK combined immuno-chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the lung. The Advanced Lung Cancer Immuno-chemotherapy Study Group].

In a randomized controlled study of chemotherapy (CDDP 100 mg/m2 day 1, VDS 3 mg/m2 day 1, 8, 15) vs. immuno-chemotherapy combined with PSK 3 g/day for adenocarcinoma of the lung (stage III, IV, p. s. 0, 1, 2), response rate for 169 cases with completed extramural review was 14.2%. As for the response rates for 138 complete cases, the chemotherapy group showed 17.9%, and the immuno-chemotherapy group was 16.9%. MST were 330 days and 331 days, respectively. In stage III cases, the response rates were 11.1% in the chemotherapy group and 37.5% in the immuno-chemotherapy group (p = 0.046). MST were 457 days (65.3 weeks) and 576 days (82.3 weeks), respectively. In terms of survival curve, it was suggested that the immuno-chemotherapy group was superior to the chemotherapy group (logrank test p = 0.075), but in stage IV cases, there was nothing outstanding in the immunochemotherapy group.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1988

Responses to chemotherapy or chemohormonal therapy in advanced breast cancer patients treated previously with adjuvant chemotherapy. A subset analysis of CALGB Study 8081.

The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) evaluated the response to subsequent chemotherapy or chemohormonal therapy in 46 patients with advanced breast cancer treated previously with adjuvant chemotherapy that had been completed 6 months or more before protocol entry. The results were compared with 379 patients in the same study who had not received prior adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients were treated with cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and 5-fluorouracil (CAF), with or without tamoxifen. There was no difference in response rate, response duration, time to treatment failure, or survival between patients who had received prior adjuvant chemotherapy and those who had not. The addition of tamoxifen to CAF failed to enhance response rates or response durations in all subgroups. Women who relapsed 6 months or more after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy did not have inherently drug-resistant tumors. They responded to standard CAF chemotherapy with the same response rate and survival as patients untreated previously with chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1986

Corynebacterium parvum followed by chemotherapy (actinomycin D and DTIC) compared with chemotherapy alone for metastatic malignant melanoma.

Seventy-nine patients with Stage III widely metastatic melanoma were prospectively randomised to a 'no treatment' control group who received on tumour progression DTIC (250 mg/m2 i.v. daily X 5) and Actinomycin D 1.5 mg/m2 on Day 1. A total of six courses at 3-week intervals was given. Chemotherapy was only given on progression of disease. The other group received initially Corynebacterium parvum (2 mg/m2) every 3 weeks for a maximum of eight courses and then the same chemotherapy on evidence of progressive disease. Minimum follow up time is 3 yr. The chemotherapy response rate (control 37%, C. parvum 24%) was not statistically different nor was the effect of chemotherapy on the site of individual metastases. Radiotherapy responses for irradiated soft tissue disease again were not significantly different, between the two patient groups. No significant differences in survival (control group median, 4 months, range 1-46; C. parvum median 3 months range 1-35) were observed and only one patient is alive at 35 months. The pattern of relapse was also similar in both groups. Reduction in haematological toxicity consequent on chemotherapy was not observed in the C. parvum-treated patients. No additional benefit was observed when C. parvum was followed by DTIC and Actinomycin D chemotherapy compared with the results from the chemotherapy given alone, although C. parvum on this schedule had minimal toxicity.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1990

Chemotherapy versus tamoxifen versus chemotherapy plus tamoxifen in node-positive, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients: results of a multicentric Italian study. Breast Cancer Adjuvant Chemo-Hormone Therapy Cooperative Group.

Between November 1, 1983 and June 30, 1987, 510 node-positive, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients have been randomly allocated to receive either chemotherapy (six intravenous [IV] cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil [CMF] courses followed by four IV epirubicin courses) or 5 years of tamoxifen treatment or a combination of both therapies. After a median follow-up of 40 months, patients receiving the combined treatment achieved the best results, and those treated with chemotherapy alone achieved the worst, the difference being particularly evident in postmenopausal women. However, while the concurrent use of chemotherapy and tamoxifen did improve the results achieved by chemotherapy alone, particularly in postmenopausal women and in those with four or more involved nodes, it did not significantly improve the results achieved by tamoxifen alone, particularly in patients with higher ER tumor concentrations. Side effects were more numerous and more severe in patients receiving chemotherapy (with or without tamoxifen). Our findings, although still preliminary, confirm that tamoxifen should be the treatment of choice for postmenopausal breast cancer patients with node-positive, ER-positive tumors. In addition, the findings suggest that tamoxifen may represent a safe alternative to chemotherapy (at least to the cytotoxic regimen we used) for younger women, provided they have ER-positive tumors. In patients with ER-positive tumors, the addition of chemotherapy to tamoxifen does not seem to improve significantly the effectiveness of tamoxifen alone.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical efficacy of modified M-VAC chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma and influence of squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen on efficacy of the chemotherapy].

The efficacy of modified M-VAC chemotherapy was evaluated in twenty-two patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (18 cases of transitional cell carcinoma, 3 of transitional cell associated with squamous cell carcinoma and 1 of squamous cell carcinoma). Among the 22 patients, 14 underwent two or more courses of modified M-VAC chemotherapy and had lesions suitable for the evaluation. Three of the 14 patients achieved complete response and 6 partial response, resulting in a 64.3% response rate. With regard to the direct effect according to the site of the lesion, the response rate was 75% for the urinary bladder, 100% for lung, 100% for subcutaneous tissues, and 75% for lymph nodes metastasis, whereas the chemotherapy was ineffective for metastasis in the bone and muscle. With this neoadjuvant chemotherapy the primary tumor of the urinary bladder was downstaged from T2 to T0 in one patient who showed complete response. In 4 of 5 patients achieving partial response, the primary tumors were downstaged from T2 to T1. Of 9 patients given this chemotherapy for metastatic lesions, 2 achieved complete response and are alive, whereas all 3 without response died of cancer within the 1 year following the chemotherapy. Since most of the cases associated with the squamous cells carcinoma component showed no response to the therapy, it seems that the level of serum squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen may be helpful for predicting the efficacy of modified M-VAC chemotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Chemotherapy of malignant brain tumors--scientific basis for combination chemotherapy].

In the past decade, many clinical trials have been explored for the search of effective chemotherapy against malignant gliomas. However, to date, no significant prolongation of the survival in adults malignant gliomas have been demonstrated by these approaches. Chemotherapy currently adds little to radiotherapy in these patients. In solid tumors responsive to chemotherapy, multiple effective agents are combined. The design of a chemotherapy regimen using multiple drugs should be planned on the basis of several scientific theories concerning with tumor biology. Among them, concepts of the alternating noncross resistance chemotherapy (Goldie-Coldman) and dose-intense chemotherapy were described in relation to application to the chemotherapy of gliomas.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed2026

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Early Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Fluorouracil, Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide Followed by Docetaxel Versus an Anthracycline-Free Regimen With Docetaxel, Cyclophosphamide-Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains an important side effect despite new antiemetic drugs. This study tried to understand the occurrence of CINV in patients receiving two different chemotherapy regimens. As part of the randomized controlled clinical trial SUCCESS C (NCT00847444), 1582 of the 3463 patients completed CINV diaries. Patients were randomized to receive either chemotherapy with FEC (5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel) or TC (docetaxel, cyclophosphamide). CINV was evaluated hourly using a specially designed questionnaire. Endpoints of the study were complete response (no emesis) and total control (no nausea and no emesis) and were assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses over three chemotherapy cycles. Eight hundred fourteen patients received FEC and 768 received TC; patients and tumor characteristics were similar in both groups. Patients receiving FEC had significantly more nausea and vomiting, with the main difference in the first 12 h. In the first cycle, the 0-12-h nausea/emesis-free rates were 70%/41% for FEC and 91/76% for TC. By 24 h after chemotherapy, the rates were 65%/33% (FEC) and 85%/60% (TC). The differences were similar in cycles 2 and 3. The detailed analysis of CINV in the study is unique and paves the way for modern CINV analysis of new therapeutics such as antibody-drug conjugates.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Supportive care versus supportive care and combination chemotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Does chemotherapy make a difference?

Current chemotherapy treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer has demonstrated some objective responses, but is still largely palliative. This report reviews the results of a randomized trial in patients with advanced metastatic non-small cell lung cancer which compared treatment with supportive care (treatment with palliative radiation, psychosocial support, analgesics, nutritional support) to supportive care plus combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and vinblastine. Although the patients receiving combination chemotherapy had a slightly longer median survival (20.43 weeks versus 13.57 weeks), it was not statistically significant (P = 0.09). In addition, the patients receiving chemotherapy experienced serious toxicity, and showed no significant benefit in terms of quality of life as measured by Karnofsky performance status score. The authors conclude that contemporary combination chemotherapy provides only modest survival benefit to patients with advanced metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and should not be considered standard therapy. Future investigations of chemotherapy in patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer should continue to utilize control arms which provide high-quality supportive care.

Aged↗