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Results for “electromyography feedback”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

A comparison of biofeedback-mediated relaxation and group therapy in the treatment of chronic anxiety.

The authors compared treatment of chronic anxiety with biofeedback-mediated electromyographic (EMG) relaxation to treatment with group psychotherapy in a control group. Feedback patients were given two weeks of EMG relaxation training followed by two weeks of self-practice. Significant decreases were found in the feedback group in electromyogram levels, mood distrubance, trait anxiety, and (to a lesser extent) state anxiety; no such decreases occurred in the control group. The authors suggest that EMG feedback can be an important adjunct therapy for chronic anxiety.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1975

Assessment of an audio-visual feedback device used in motor training,.

A miniature biofeedback device, the Basmajian-Emory Muscle Trainer, has been developed at the Emory University School of Medicine. A training and testing protocol was designed for using this device in the training of precise voluntary control of individual skeletal muscles. Thirteen normal subjects were trained to abduct the big toe of the right foot, eleven of whom displayed increases in maximum motion. Use of a biofeedback device to improve a subject's ROM capabilities requires consideration of four factors: (1) initial emphasis must be on making the subject aware of his muscle activity, (2) the muscle activity must be increased, (3) the positive re-enforcement of feedback must be continual, and (4) the newly acquired muscle activity must be used to perform a greattting.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Feedback goniometers for hand rehabilitation.

Active range-of-motion exercises and related activities are an important means for applying progressive stress to induce remodeling of various tissues that restrict range of motion in the hand and wrist. Supplying joint angle feedback to patients as they exercise can help them more consistently to reach the flexion/extension goals set by the therapist. To accomplish this aim, feedback goniometers have been developed that are worn on the hand during exercise and therapeutic activities. These devices supply a threshold feedback signal when a predetermined joint angle is attained. Clinical trials indicate that many patients in a comprehensive hand rehabilitation program after injuries or corrective surgery will improve somewhat more in active range of motion if they use feedback goniometers while exercising. Plans are available for fabricating such devices from readily obtained tools and parts at a modest cost.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1976

Comparison between red nucleus and precentral neurons during learned movements in the monkey.

Monkeys were trained to depress a hold key for a period of 2 sec. After this hold period, either a red or a green cue lamp appeared in random sequence. The red lamp required the monkey to move his hand from the hold key to a target button within 1 sec of the cue presentation. The green lamp required continued depression of the hold key for 1 sec following presentation of the cue. Correct performance was reinforced with fruit juice. In comparing poststimulus and peri-response latencies of 48 red nucleus (RN) and 46 percentral gyrus (PG) units related to the arm movement triggered by the red lamp, the onset of activity in most RN units occurred after the onset of activity in most PG neurons. For 48 RN neurons, the peak of the distribution of onset times was shifted 120 msec later than for 46 neurons. This delay between PG and RN is even greater than the delay between PG and postcentral gyrus. It is known that RN receives powerful inputs both from the sensorimotor cortex and from cerebellum--and it seems possible that the activity in RN was dependent on the combined action of these two inputs, with sensory feedback from movement (relayed via postcentral gyrus and/or cerebellum) being one input, and a central program from cerebellum and/or precentral gyrus being the other input.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

EMG feedback therapy: review of treatment of 114 patients.

Advances in the understanding of the relationship of proprioceptive (kinesthetic) feedback to motor physiology have prompted the study of therapeutic effects of audiovisual displays of EMG activity. Patients with various manifestations of disturbed neuromotor control were studied prospectively for three years. This group included 114 patients with hemiparesis, torticollis, dystonia, and spinal cord or peripheral nerve injury. Initially, all but one of these patients had some residual volitional motor activity, which was insufficient for adequate function, and all patients had had conventional therapy with little or no functional recovery. Prior to EMG feedback therapy, the duration of illness was from three months to 35 years. The shaping of a patient's motor responses usually occurred gradually, often over an 8 to 12 week period. This modification was accomplished by feeding processed audio-visual signals back to the patient. These signals were proportional to the degree of activity of the muscles responsible for the defective function. The concept of microvolt-second, as a unit of muscle activity, is introduced and defined. Patterned movements, which were previously defective were observed to improve to varying degrees. Following the initial course of treatment, reinforcement was required by some patients. The mechanisms of improvement after EMG feeback therapy are not well understood; however, some hypotheses are presented. The results of this study indicate that EMG feedback therapy may induce significant functional recovery in patients with disturbed neuromotor control.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1975

Motor responses to sudden limb displacements in primates with specific CNS lesions and in human patients with motor system disorders.

Central feedback pathways for motor control were studied by recording EMG responses to sudden upper limb displacements in humans and monkeys using a precision torque motor to generate step load changes. Normal human subjects showed three short-latency EMG responses (M1, M2 and M3) which appear to correspond to those recorded from trained monkeys. The M2 and M3 components, thought to represent feedback in supraspinal pathways, were significantly increased when the subjects were instructed to actively compensate for the load changes. Parkinsonian patients with rigidity showed evidence of markedly increased feedback over the interval for the M2 and M3 responses and appeared to have lost the ability to modulate feedback according to the motor task being performed. The results are discussed with reference to recent research on motor control mechanisms in primates and a tentative model for the basis of Parkinsonian rigidity is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Electromyographic feedback to improve ankle dorsiflexion, wrist extension, and hand grasp.

Electromyographic feedback was used to train a patient with hemiplegia in the functional use of the muscles of his right upper and lower limbs. The patient trained with the therapist over a period of two and one-half months, engaging in exercises for ankle dorsiflexion, wrist extension, and hand grasp twice a week for one to one and one-half hours. Feedback was recorded with surface electrodes placed over the extensor surface of the forearm and the tibialis anterior; the electromyographic activity was displayed on a meter. After training, muscle control proved functional for walking, handwriting, and daily self-care activities.

Ankle↗
PubMed1976

Myofeedback: a new method of teaching breathing exercises in emphysematous patients.

The diaphragm of the emphysematous patient is low and limited in its excursions, producing an increased functional residual capacity and decreased pulmonary ventilation. This report describes our experiences with a new technique for 1) the training of abdominal-diaphragmatic (A-D) breathing and 2) the relaxation of accessory respiratory muscles in emphysematous patients. Abdominal muscle contraction during expiration has been shown to increase diaphragmatic excursions and, hence, pulmonary ventilation. Use of this technique has been limited, however, because of the difficulty in learning this breathing pattern. Through continuous audio and visual feedback of myoelectric potentials (myofeedback) from abdominal muscles, 12 patients learned A-D breathing. The lower rectus abdominis muscle was found to be the most suitable muscle for obtaining the myoelectric potentials. Similarly, by providing the patients with myofeedback from their accessory muscles, they decreased the use of these muscles, thus increasing their respiratory efficiency. With myofeedback, patients appear to learn new breathing patterns effectively and in fewer sessions than with conventional procedures.

Abdominal Muscles↗