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9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Polypoid gastric heterotopy of the small intestine in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency belonging to a MEA-family. With particular reference to the ultrastructure of the epithelial cells.

A patient with a solitary polypoid gastric heterotopy in the jejunum and severe bleeding as a complication is described. Previous reports on this rare disorder and the conditions of its development are discussed. The patient belongs to a family with multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA), some members of which had an alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. The association between the familial disease and the gastric heterotopy in this case might be another argument for the assumed congenital nature of the latter. The polyp was studied by means of light and electron microscopy. It was mostly lined by fundic mucosa and only partially by antral mucosa. Focal foveolar hyperplasia, cysts and lymphoplasmacellular infiltration of the mucosa are regarded as secondary tissue alteration. Parietal cells, chief and endocrine cells were identified. The parietal cells were in the nonsecreting state and appeared in two distinct forms which are described in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Gastric polypoid heterotopy in the small intestine].

We present a 14 year old girl with a two years' history of colicky abdominal pain associated with the palpation of a tumor in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. During these two years, the pain and the tumor appeared and disappeared spontaneously several times. In the operation we found a jejunojejunal intussusception, the head being a sessile polyp placed 20 cm from the ligament of Treitz. The pathological examination showed a polyp formed by mucosa similar to the gastric one with chief and parietal cells. We discuss the clinical pictures that can be associated with this pathological entity in this uncommon localization in opposition to the more common settling in Meckel's diverticulum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Co-option of stomata in the convergent evolution of fern nectaries.

Understanding the origin of new structures is a central goal of evolutionary biology. In many instances, novel phenotypes arise through heterotopy: the expression of a structure in a new location. Using bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) as a model, we combine genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics to begin to explore the origin and developmental routes in the convergent evolution of ant-enticing nectaries. We observe that P. aquilinum does not exclusively express flowering plant 'nectary genes' during nectary development. Rather, this fern builds nectaries through co-option of stomata. Specifically, P. aquilinum heterotopically expresses canonical angiosperm stomatal regulatory genes, leading to stomatal development in novel positions along the petiole. These non-laminar stomata were co-opted for nectar secretion through the expression of putative sugar transport genes, forming secretory nectarostomata. This work provides two advances in our understanding of nectary evolution and the origin of complex structures. First, heterotopic expression of stomata, and later exaptation, represents one realized developmental mechanism for the evolution of nectar glands. Second, while there are many routes to nectary evolution, nectarostomata development is a repeatable path that has evolved in ferns and flowering plants, representing an impressive case of convergent evolution through the same developmental mechanism, despite over 400 million years of divergent history.

Plant Stomata↗
PubMed1975

Heterotopic bone formation about the hip and unilateral decubitus ulcers in spinal cord injury.

Of 131 patients having spinal cord injury who were admitted to the hospital for chronic symptoms over a two-year period, 62 (47 percent) developed heterotopic ossifications in hip muscles. Of these 62 cases, 51 were unilateral. In 83 (63 percent) of the 131 patients, decubitus ulcers developed and these were unilateral in 71 cases. A high correlation between ulceration and heterotopic ossification was observed (phi = 0.69, P less than 0.001). Because heterotopy in the absence of ulceration was infrequent (less than 1 percent of cases), it appears that ossification and reduced mobility of a limb predipose to the development of the decubitus ulcer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Geographic lip and folded lip. A new association].

In a typical case of geographical lip, the authors discovered the presence of parallel vertical grooves on the mucosal side of the lips and believe these are similar to those observed in folded tongue. They concluded that there is a possible association "geographical lip and folded lip", comparable with the association "geographical tongue and folded tongue". They then carried out a histological study and proposed an etiopathogenic explanation for the folds in the lip in comparison with the fissures of the tongue, dysembryoplasia due to heterotopy of the gustatory or lymphopoietic grooves.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

[Neurological disorders in endometriosis].

A long-term study of 324 females with endometriosis aged 20--52 years permitted to systematize some syndromes of neurological disorders, depending upon the localization and stage in the progress of endometriosis. In an active infiltrating extension of endometrioid heterotopy there prevail syndromes of peripheral nervous structure lesions. In the late period pseudoneurotic disorders are encountered. The main principles of treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Endoscopic demonstration of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the duodenum].

On the basis of 8 observations in 3,140 duodenoscopies is referred to the endoscopic picture of heterotopies of the gastric mucous membrane. The heterotopic mucous membrane of the stomach was found in polypoid rice-grain-sized to pea-sized lesions of the duodenum. The histological examination four times resulted in a mucous membrane of the stomach of corpus type, three times of antrum type and once only in foveolar epithelium. As to other findings endoscopically were twice observed erosions of the gastric mucous membrane or of the mucous membrane of the bulb, respectively, once an antrum polypus, in no case ulcers. Once an achlorhydria was present. A hyperchlorhydria was to be proved in no case. The clinical significance of the heterotopia of the gastric mucous membrane in the duodenum as well as the cause of its existence are discussed.

Adult↗