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Results for “illness perception”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Associations of Illness Perception, Resignation Coping, and Social Support With Self-Regulatory Fatigue in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

AIMS: To examine the associations among illness perception, resignation coping, social support, and self-regulatory fatigue (SRF) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study specifically explores whether resignation coping and social support exhibit indirect associations with SRF in the context of illness perception. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: From November 2024 to October 2025, a convenience sample of 302 adult patients with T2DM was recruited from a tertiary general hospital in China. Participants completed validated instruments with established psychometric properties, namely the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation and serial mediation analysis using the PROCESS Macro (Model 6) with bias-corrected bootstrapping. RESULTS: SRF was positively correlated with negative illness perception (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.579, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01) and resignation coping (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.612, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01), and negatively correlated with social support (r&#x2009;=&#x2009;-0.598, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.01). Serial mediation analysis revealed that illness perception was associated with SRF through indirect pathways involving resignation coping and social support. Resignation coping and social support mediated the association between illness perception and self-regulatory fatigue, both individually and sequentially. CONCLUSIONS: Negative illness perception correlates with higher SRF. This observed correlation is additionally linked to indirect pathways involving resignation coping and lower social support. Collectively, these findings highlight a pattern of interrelated cognitive (illness perception), behavioural (resignation coping), and resource (social support) factors that are associated with self-regulatory fatigue in this cross-sectional study. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION: The findings offer a clear, evidence-based framework for nursing practice. They highlight the potential value of integrated assessment and intervention that simultaneously addresses patients' illness beliefs, maladaptive coping strategies, and social support systems, which are associated with lower SRF and better diabetes self-management. REPORTING METHOD: This study adheres to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for cross-sectional studies. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Patients participated solely as research participants by providing survey data. They were not involved in the study design, implementation, data analysis, interpretation, or manuscript preparation. All patients provided written informed consent prior to questionnaire completion.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Chlorosis and chronic disease in 19th-century Britain: the social constitution of somatic illness in a capitalist society.

This paper is informed by the recent attempts to construct Marxist views of nature, by the lively historical work on 19th-century British class structure, and by the dedicated work of feminist historians of medicine. Using the common disease of adolescent girls, chlorosis, as an example of a real "physical" illness, I shall argue that disease is, in part, socially constructed. Not only is the social class of both doctor and patient an important determinant in the perception of illness, but so too is the relationship between the disease and the mode of production. Both the "existence" of chlorosis and the way it was understood served ideologically to conceal the growing importance of adolescent labor and the recognition of the social genesis of illness. In doing so, chlorosis was similar to other forms of chronic illness. In a time when the conditions of work were strikingly insalubrious, the etiological emphasis was on individual failure, not on physical or social conditions of work. I argue that notions of health and disease partake of the struggles and social relations of the society that sustains them, but in a way which hides that very social nature. In this sense, they are like Marx's concept of a commodity--and in being a commodity, diseases appear not to embody social relations, but rather to be part of nature. I suggest that we see this "nature" in part as a commodity fetish--something we construct as "other" for a reason--and that we rediscover the social in the natural.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Management of acute psychologic problems in pediatric oncology.

Several psychologic issues in pediatric oncology are addressed and case illustrations of psychologic intervention for selected problems are offered. Psychologic intervention must take into account the patient's perception of his illness, the patient's developmental level, the parents' coping mechanisms, the dynamics of the child's emotional and behavioral responses, the staff's perception of the problems, and the community's capacity for reintegration of the patient. Each of these issues is addressed by use of case examples to demonstrate important aspects of psychosocial intervention.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1979

An explication of 'wind illness' in northern Thailand.

'Wind illness' is a very common complaint among the Northern Thai, yet is rarely recognized by Thai physicians trained in biomedicine. Persons most susceptible to 'wind illness' are adult women who have ever borne a child. Consequently, data were obtained from 415 everparous women, 43% of whom reported ever having had 'wind illness' and 57%. never having had it. In addition, 20 individuals who had ever had the syndrome were followed for case study, and 13 indigenous healers who traditionally treat clients suffering 'wind illness' were interviewed. Their perceptions of the etiology, symptomatology and treatment of 'wind illness' are reported in Part I. Part II is an attempt to define 'wind illness' in terms of biomedicine and as a consequence of fertility. Part III synthesized the emic and etic accounts with explanations for the perdurance of 'wind illness' despite the advances of biomedicine and the recent fertility decline in Northern Thailand.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Marital status, health, and use of health services. An old relationship revisited.

Historical data indicate that married persons live longer on the average than unmarried persons and that they generally make less use of health care services. These facts are increasingly important in view of the growing proportion of "singles" in the US population. The complex cause-and-effect relationship between marriage and better health has long been recognized, but there is now some indication that the relationship is less strong than before. Despite lack of precise knowledge on many aspects of this issue, two facts are clear: perceptions of health, illness, and "need" for health care are constantly changing and as the family's role in health has declined, there has been a concurrent rise in the "need" for, and cost of, the external health care system. The future of these trends depends, in part, on the future of the American family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. VIII. Acute infection in chronic respiratory disease and comparison groups.

Individuals with chronic lung disease and their families were selected from the Tecumsch community along with similarly selected families as comparison groups and studied for 1-year periods. Occurence of acute respiratory illness was ascertained weekly by telephone and calculated as an annual rate. Persons with chronic bronchitis not only experienced more acute lower respiratory illness than healthy comparison subjects, but total illness rates were somewhat higher as well. Infection rates were determined from blood samples taken 3 times from each participant during the surveillance year. Antibody tests were performed for respiratory syncytial virus, para-influenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, influenza types A and B, coronavirus OC43, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Differences in serologic infection rates among the subgroups of the population were similar to those seen in the clinical data, with more frequent infection among those with bronchitis than among the comparison subjects. This finding indicates that some degree of increased susceptibility to actual infection existed among those individuals with bronchitis. Influence of smoking on illness and infection rates was also examined. Infections were, in general, more frequent in smokers than in nonsmokers, but illness rates were reversed, suggesting that perception of disease differed in the 2 groups. Rates of illness and infection of other adults in the families of the index individuals with bronchitis were not influenced by the higher rates seen in the index individuals; however, it was of interest that children of persons with bronchitis did have somewhat higher rates of infection than children of comparison subjects.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurse perceptions of patient characteristics.

To determine whether nurse perceptions of patients are influenced by a patient's socioeconomic class, 78 nurse subjects observed slides and read about a patient and then rated him on a seven-point scale. Nurses were randomly given one of eight written descriptions in which the patient was identified as middle or lower class., with a more or a less serious and a more or a less socially acceptable illness. Results were subjected to 2 X 2 X 2 analysis of variance. Nurses were found to stereotype lower-class patients as dependent, passive, unintelligent, noncomprehending, ummotivated, lazy, forgetful, inaccurate, careless, uninformed, unsuccessful, and unreliable. Patients with less-acceptable illnesses were rated more negatively than those with more-acceptable illnesses and were perceived as sensitive, rigid, bored, and resistant to learning about their illness. Since nurses admitted they would feel embarrassed and would conceal having these less-acceptable illnesses themselves, these negative perceptions of patients may be projections of the nurses' feelings.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1979

Changes in patient perceptions toward a family practice: a case study.

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of a family practice that focuses on changes in patient perceptions over five years. The evaluation includes an analysis of patient attitudes as well as behavior. Patient attitudes are measured by means of a personal interview and behavior is analyzed by creation of a Family Utilization Index. Significant changes are noted in the areas of both reported and actual utilization, with fewer changes in the areas relating to patients' perceptions of health and illness or in attitudes toward either the model of family practice of the specific site of obtaining care. This is not a definitive model for evaluation of family practice, but it is one of the few empirical studies available and suggests the need for more documentation of the effectiveness of family practice as a model for delivering primary care services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Consultation with the filipino boarding home: an after-care facility in Hawaii.

This report describes a unique Hawaiian after-care facility the Filipino operated boarding home, and the approaches useful in consultation with the operators. The majority of the boarding homes for psychiatric patients are operated by recent Filipino immigrants. This fact is explained by their current social position and also by cultural values--such as aiding others and an extended family system--which are present in the Philippines. In consultation with seventeen such boarding home operators, cultural beliefs and values played a great part in their approach to patients. These approaches created special problems and assets in their management of patients from other ethnic groups such as Japanese, Caucasian and Hawaiian. A problem-oriented approach to consultation proved useful initially and set the stage for other forms of intervention. This included allowing the operator to ventilate her feelings about the patient; bridging the communication gap between operators and patients; dissipating the operators' stereotypic perception of patients; and educating the operators about mental illness. Our impressions and indirect evidence indicated that Filipino boarding home operators perform a useful service and, with consultation sensitive to their values, can become even more effective.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1979

Aspects of differential role perception of Israeli medical school students.

Attitudes of first year Israeli Medical School students are investigated using the Semantic Differential technique to differentiate their perceptions of the roles of doctor, patient and the mentally ill. Students also selected from among thirty-four behavioural traits those roles considered most characteristic of doctor and/or patient. A high degree of certainty and of role stereotyping is found of doctor image. This may be associated with past experiences as child-patient, with idealizations and identifications and with future aspirations. There is less consensus with the role of patient but there are clear attitudinal boundaries among students between roles. The doctor is perceived as an idealized, if authoritarian, person meeting with a rather negatively but more flexibly perceived person of the patient. Behavioural traits selected by the students are consonant with this finding. The results are discussed in the context of identification patterns and the educational process.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Surfaces with steep variations in depth pose difficulties for orientationally tuned disparity filters.

Surfaces possessing steep variations in depth present severe difficulties for orientationally tuned filter models of stereopsis. These difficulties are discussed in connection with a random-dot stereogram depicting a surface with steep horizontal corrugations. As expected on theoretical grounds, we find that a vertical +/- 45 degrees orientationally filtered version of this stereogram cannot be fused. Moreover, it is demonstrated that a horizontal +/- 45 degrees filtered version can be fused only with difficulty and its stereo percept is poor compared to that of the unfiltered original. It is concluded that orientated filters seem ill-designed to mediate the extraction of disparity cues, at least in the cases under consideration.

Depth Perception↗
PubMed2026

Perceptions of Pharmacogenomic Testing Among People With Treatment Resistant Depression: Legitimization as a Facilitator of Acceptance.

Pharmacogenomic testing for psychiatric medications has been proposed as both an early intervention to optimize treatment response, and for use among patients who have tried multiple medications without symptom remission. Therefore, this testing may be particularly salient to the subset of individuals with major depressive disorder for whom depression has been labeled as "treatment resistant". Understanding the impact of this diagnostic label on illness identity and attitudes towards new therapies is important as genomic technology expands and rates of depression increase. We sought to explore perceptions and attitudes towards pharmacogenomic testing among individuals who had received a diagnosis of treatment resistant depression. We conducted a qualitative study with a constructivist orientation. Participants were recruited from a larger genomic research study and interviewed by phone or video call. We took an inductive approach to coding guided by reflexive thematic analysis. Themes were then organized into a relational framework following principles of interpretive description. Twelve individuals were interviewed. Key themes included internalized acceptance/hopelessness, and external validation/frustration, which were cyclically interconnected. These themes were situated within a larger framework illustrating the ways that illness identity and modifying factors such as relief of guilt, social support, pharmacogenomic testing and depressive symptoms can either facilitate acceptance and validation or contribute to feelings of hopelessness and frustration. Though participants expressed some skepticism around its effectiveness, pharmacogenomic testing may contribute to the shift towards acceptance and validation by legitimizing individuals' experiences with lack of treatment response. Genetic counselors and other healthcare providers should be aware of the complex balance between hope and frustration underlying conversations around pharmacogenomic testing, and factors that are more likely to foster self-acceptance.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Psychotropic drug use among women.

The consistent 2:1 ratio of women to men in the receipt of prescriptions for psychotropic drugs is reflected in the higher rates for women of neurotic illness, symptoms of both physical and mental discomfort, and help-seeking and drug-taking behaviour. Physicians' perceptions of the problems presented by their male and female patients influence their prescribing of these drugs. Recent statistics in Ontario indicate that greater use of physicians' services by women is an inadequate explanation of the higher rate of prescribing of psychotropic drugs to women. A longitudinal study of a large insured population in Ontario showed that almost twice the proportion of females, compared with males, received a prescription for psychotropic drugs in 1970-71 and in 1973-74, a higher proportion of females received multiple prescriptions for each drug class, and males were more likely than females to have received only one prescription in a year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Nurses' perception of their psychological role in treating rehabilitation patients: a study employing the critical incident technique.

This study presents the theoretical literature on the psychological role of nurses. The nurses' perception of their psychological role is empirically obtained, employing the critical incident technique. General aims and objectives of pschological care of physically ill patients are formulated and are found to generally support the theoretical literature. Nurses were clearly found to perceive their psychological role as covering a very broad spectrum, the ultimate of which was the ability to anticipate and meet the emotional needs of the patient. The importance of implementing the application of social science concepts and methods to nursing is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Coercive persuasion (brainwashing), religious cults, and deprogramming.

Psychiatric interviews and psychological testing were conducted with 50 members of former members of a variety of religious cults who contacted the authors about the issue of deprogramming. The subjects were divided into four groups: cult members who feared deprogramming, those who had returned to the cult after deprogramming, ex-cult members who had left after deprogramming, and those who had left without deprogramming. There were significant differences between these groups on length of time in the cult, perception of and resistance toward the deprogramming experience, status of parental marriage, and who became a deprogrammer. No evidence of insanity or mental illness in the legal sense was found.

Attitude↗