PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “neoplastic”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Monoclonal antibody OPD4 detects neoplastic T cells but does not distinguish between CD4 and CD8 neoplastic T cells in paraffin tissue sections.

Monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OPD4, reported to preferentially react with benign CD4 T cells in formalin-fixed tissue sections, was examined for its reactivity with 56 T-cell neoplasms after formalin or Bouin's fixation to determine if it also preferentially detects neoplastic CD4 T cells in paraffin tissue sections. Monoclonal antibody OPD4 did not preferentially detect neoplastic CD4 T cells, since it reacted with 22 of 38 (58%) CD4-positive compared with nine of 14 (64%) CD4-negative T-cell neoplasms. However, MoAb OPD4 appears to detect neoplastic T cells in Bouin's-fixed (11 of 20 cases [55%]) about as well as in formalin-fixed (20 of 32 cases [63%]) tissues. Since MoAb OPD4 does not preferentially react with neoplastic CD4 T cells, the utility of this MoAb as a pan-T-cell marker in routinely processed tissues was also explored and compared with that of Leu-22, UCHL-1, and CD3. All four antibodies reacted with approximately the same percentage of T-cell malignancies (51% to 57%). However, examination of different clinicopathologic groups and types of fixative highlighted differences. Monoclonal antibodies OPD4 and Leu-22 reacted with 62%, while CD3 detected only 41% of formalin-fixed, postthymic T-cell neoplasms. OPD4, UCHL-1, and CD3 each reacted with 55%, but Leu-22 recognized only 45% of Bouin's-fixed, postthymic T-cell malignancies. OPD4 reacted with none, but CD3 reacted with all four T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas. Various antibody combinations were examined to determine an optimal panel for the recognition of T-cell neoplasms in paraffin sections. The combination of MoAbs OPD4 and Leu-22 detected 86% of postthymic T-cell neoplasms in formalin-fixed tissue sections. Furthermore, MoAb OPD4 appears to be relatively specific for T-cell neoplasms, detecting 31 of 56 (55%) T-cell malignancies, while only reacting with two of 39 (5%) B-cell neoplasms. Therefore, while not preferentially reactive with neoplastic CD4 T cells, MoAb OPD4 may be useful as a pan-T-cell marker of postthymic T-cell neoplasms in routinely processed, formalin-fixed tissues, especially when used in conjunction with MoAb Leu-22.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Expression of surfactant associated protein-A and Clara cell 10 kilodalton mRNA in neoplastic and non-neoplastic human lung tissue as detected by in situ hybridization.

Two markers for the progenitor cells of peripheral airways and their tumors are the 10 kilodalton (kd) Clara cell protein and the major surfactant associated protein-A (SP-A). We used the RNA-RNA in situ hybridization technique to study expression of the genes encoding these proteins at the cellular level in 19 pairs of non-neoplastic and neoplastic tissues from resected human lungs. Our results show that in non-neoplastic lung tissue, the Clara 10 kd protein gene was expressed in nonciliated cells of both bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium, indicating that, in contrast to previous assumptions, cells with Clara cell-like differentiation in humans may not be restricted to bronchiolar cells. The incidence of Clara 10 kd protein gene expression, as detected in lung carcinomas (1 out of 19 cases positive) was less than expected based on previous ultrastructural reports. The SP-A gene was strongly expressed in normal alveolar type II cells in non-neoplastic lung and, at higher levels, in hyperplastic cells. In addition, SP-A mRNA expression was observed in scattered bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells in 40% of the airways examined. Five out of 17 lung tumors, all of which were adenocarcinomas, were positive for SP-A expression, albeit generally less intense than type II cells. This expression was seen in carcinomas with papillolepidic as well as solid and glandular growth patterns. Our findings provide new insights into the peripheral airway cell differentiation.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1978

Immunohistochemical identification of actomyosin-containing (myoepithelial) cells in non-neoplastic and neoplastic tissues.

Actomyosin-containing cells in both non-neoplastic and neoplastic tissues of the salivary gland, lung, breast and some other organs were studied by immunofluorescent microscopy using antiactomyosin rabbit serum. In the breast, myoepithelial-like cells with positive immunofluorescence in the cytoplasm were observed not only in sclerosing adenosis and fibroadenoma but also in scirrhous and medullary-tubular duct carcinomas. No positive cells were observed in medullary carcinomas with lymphoid infiltration. The actomyosin positive cells were also seen at the outer layer of tubules of "mixed tumors" and of cell nests in adenoid cystic carcinoma and in myoepithelioma of the salivary gland, but not in the metaplastic squamous cells or in the cells of myxomatous and chondroid areas of "mixed tumor". In carcinoma of the lung, actomyosin-positive cells were observed in adenoid cystic carcinomas and adenocarcinoma of the bronchial gland type, but they were not seen in squamous cell carcinomas or papillary adenocarcinomas. It was concluded that the actomysoin-containing cells with structural appearances of myoepithelial cells in a variety of tumors were neoplastic myoepithelial cells.

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1992

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in neoplastic and non-neoplastic hepatocytes bearing Mallory bodies.

The proliferative activity of Mallory bodies (MB)-positive hepatocytes (neoplastic and non-neoplastic) was examined by counting the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs). Among 19 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, the mean number of AgNORs was lower in the MB-positive carcinoma cells than in the negative ones in nine cases, higher in six, and there was no difference in four. In non-neoplastic cases (seven cases of advanced primary biliary cirrhosis and seven cases of alcoholic or nutritional liver injury), the mean number of AgNORs was lower in the MB-positive hepatocytes than that in the negative ones in eight cases, and approximately equal in number in six cases. These findings imply that MB formation does not directly represent the level of proliferative activity of hepatocytes, regardless of whether they are malignant or not.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1976

Histochemical correlation between glycogen, nucleic acids and nucleases in pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of rat liver after short-term administration of N-nitrosomorpholine.

After 7 weeks of oral administration of the carcinogen N-nitrosomorpholine (12 mg NNM ad 100 ml of drinking water) to male rats, marked hepatocellular changes were found predominantly in the centers of the lobules. These were loss of glycogen, disorganisation of the basophilic bodies and, sometimes, loss of cytoplasmic basophilia or pyroninophilia, necrotic cells and increase in the activity of acid DNAse and RNAse. These centrilobular alterations were reversible after withdrawal of the carcinogen. They are, therefore, attributed to the nonspecific-toxic effect of the carcinogen. In peripheral and midzonal regions of the lobules basically different cellular changes appeared which were unimportant during the phase of intoxication, but became prominent after cessation of the carcinogenic treatment. These lesions were: excessive storage of glycogen, displacement of basophilic bodies and an increase in cytoplasmic acidophilia. The hepatocytes showing these cytoplasmic changes initially formed foci. Neoplastic nodules and frank hepatocellular carcinomas developed later. During these later stages of the experiment both the foci and the nodules consisted of 4 main types of altered hepatocytes: 1) "clear" glycogen storage cells, 2) acidophilic cells, 3) vacuolated (fat storing) cells, 4) basophilic (pyroninophilic) cells poor in, or free from, glycogen. The larger nodules and carcinomas contained predominantly basophilic cells. The activity of nucleases, especially that of acid DNAse, decreased in small foci which as a rule developed later than the foci of glycogen storage. In most cells of neoplastic nodules and carcinomas the activity of these enzymes disappeared, but it reappeared in necrotic cells. The progressive alterations in the activity of the nucleases seemed to be related to the phenotypic expression of malignancy and could be a sign of a fundamental metabolic change taking place during a relatively late step in the malignant transformation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lectin agglutinability of non-neoplastic and neoplastic human lymphoid cells in vitro.

Agglutination by two lectins, Concanavalin A (Con A) and Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), has been investigated in a human lymphoid cell system. The main conclusions of this study are: (1) no systematic correlation exists between the neoplastic state and sensitivity to Con A or RCA; (2) cells of neoplastic lines vary unsystematically in their surface properties as evaluated by Con A agglutination, with the possible exception that presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a high degree of agglutination and (3) cells of diploid lymphoblastoid lines and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphoctes agglutinate similarly and significantly better than unstimulated T- or B-lymphocytes. The relatively simple Con A agglutination assay can be used as an adjunct in classification of human lymphoid cell lines.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1978

Angiography in vesical and perivesical neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions.

Seven cases of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions involving the urinary bladder and perivesical tissues are presented. Each of the described lesions may have nonspecific angiographic appearances and hence angiography does not permit a specific diagnosis to be made. The primary object of performing angiography is to localize the lesion and identify the vascular supply.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Response of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells to a yeast extract.

PCO, an aqueous-alcoholic extract of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was found to inhibit mitoses of 4 different ascites tumors removed from mice. Carried as established in vitro lines 6 tumors and 4 established lines of non-neoplastic cells could not be inhibited by PCO. Primary cultures (diploid) of mouse embryo tissue cells and granulocytic blast cells from adult mice also could not be mitotically inhibited by PCO.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of ribosomal proteins from neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. Resolution by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

Functionally active mammalian membrane-free ribosomes were prepared from rat forebrain, a solid tumor (mouse neuroblastoma C-1300) and a human tumor cell-line in suspension culture (HeLa). Proteins were extracted from these ribosomes and were resolved by a newly developed. Two dimensional gel electrophoretic procedure. Although the ribosomal protein patterns from the three preparations were generally similar, there were four obvious differences between the forebrain ribosomes and the ribosomes from the two neoplastic cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Neoplastic potentials and regulation of uptake of nutrients. I. A glutamine independent variant of polyoma BHK with A very high neoplastic potential.

A variant of polyoma BHK cells is described which is capable of growing in a glutamine-free medium. These glutamine-independent variant cells (GIV) have a size and morphologic appearance intermediate between the nontransformed (BHK) and polyoma transformed (Py6) cell line. In contrast to Py6, the GIV cells grow more slowly, produce less lactic acid and do not grow in suspension. However, their adherence to substrate and release of galactosyltransferase into the medium is comparable to that seen with the parent PyBHK. Most striking is the finding that GIV cells are more readily agglutinated by Concanavalin A and when inoculated into hamsters are much more tumorigenic than the parent Py6 cells.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1975

[Immunohistochemical studies on non neoplastic and neoplastic gastric mucosa. Determination of embryonic and specific antigens (author's transl)].

The distributions of acid alpha1-glycoprotein, alpha1-fetoprotein, beta-galactosidase and gastrin in gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer as well as in the neighbourhood of these lesions were studied by means of immunohistochemical methods on imprint preparation. We could not find significant differences between gastric carcinoma and the nonneoplastic lesions, except for the acid alpha1-glycoprotein. The results of this first study indicate that the immunochemical and immunohistological assay of acid alpha1-glycoprotein might be of practical value in diagnosing malignant changes of gastric mucosa.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1992

Cell kinetic analyses and expression of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and DU-PAN-2 in hyperplastic, pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of intrahepatic bile ducts in livers with hepatoliths.

We evaluated cell proliferative activity and expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and DU-PAN-2 in various bile duct lesions in livers with hepatoliths, using histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Histologically, the bile duct lesions were divisible into hyperplasia, dysplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ and invasive adenocarcinoma. All cases showed mucosal hyperplasia in stone-bearing bile ducts. Livers with invasive adenocarcinoma frequently contained adenocarcinoma in situ and dysplasia, and livers with adenocarcinoma in situ occasionally harboured dysplasia. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labelling index was low in hyperplasia (mean +/- SD = 20.5 +/- 8.7%), intermediate in dysplasia (35.4 +/- 15.9%), and high in adenocarcinoma in situ (46.4 +/- 9.3%). The mean number of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) was low in hyperplasia (1.52), intermediate in dysplasia (2.26) and high in adenocarcinoma in situ (2.69). There was a significant positive correlation between PCNA labelling index and AgNORs count. CEA was expressed on invasive adenocarcinoma cells and adenocarcinoma in situ cells in most cases and on dysplastic cells in about a half, while CEA was never present in hyperplastic epithelia. Expression of CA 19-9 was low in adenocarcinoma, intermediate in dysplasia and rather high in hyperplasia. There was no significant difference in DU-PAN-2 expression among these bile duct lesions. These data suggest that cell replicative activity is low in hyperplasia, intermediate in dysplasia and high in adenocarcinoma in situ, and that CEA appears in the following order: dysplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ, invasive adenocarcinoma. We suggest that carcinogenesis in biliary epithelial in livers with stones is a multi-step process through hyperplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ to invasive adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Macrophage-neoplastic cell interactions: implications for neoplastic cell growth.

Subcutaneous transplantation of EL4 lymphoma cells within C57BL10 mice evoked an oedematous inflammatory response involving increased leukopoiesis within the bone marrow, a blood leukocytosis, an influx of leukocytes into the transplants and surrounding host connective tissues, and extensive remodelling of surrounding host connective tissues involving fibroplasia and angiogenesis. Dexamethasone not only significantly reduced the numbers of circulating blood leukocytes within C57BL10 mice bearing the subcutaneous EL4 lymphoma transplants, but also reduced the oedematous inflammatory response to the transplants. The decreased influx of inflammatory leukocytes into the site of EL4 lymphoma cell transplantation within the dexamethasone-treated mice, was accompanied by reduced growth of the transplants. Although the EL4 lymphoma cells produce factors with Colony Stimulating Factor activity and with chemotactic activity for cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, they do not appear to produce fibroblast growth factors directly but can induce (or stimulate) macrophages to generate fibroblast growth factors in vitro. While not directly inhibiting the growth of subcutaneous fibroblasts in vitro, dexamethasone does suppress the production and/or activity of fibroblast growth factors generated through macrophage-EL4 cell interactions in vitro. The inhibitory effects of dexamethasone on macrophage influx, fibroplasia and angiogenesis within the connective tissue surrounding the EL4 lymphoma transplants appear to be casually related events and would account for the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on the growth of the lymphoma transplants.

Animals↗