PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “osteoporosis”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Treatment of osteoporosis--with special reference to the coexistence of osteoporosis and osteomalacia.

1. The current status of treatment for osteoporosis at the osteoporosis clinic of the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine is reported. A study was made in these osteoporotic patients to investigate the relationships between pain and x-rays and also between pain and the clinical laboratory findings in this particular disease. 2. When pains in osteoporosis were classified into 4 grades, severity I through severity IV, the more severe pain was found to be associated more frequently with elevated blood levels of alkaline phosphatase. Many of the patients with severe pain tended to show indistinct trabeculation and sclerosis of the upper and lower margins of vertebral bodies on x-rays while some demonstrated looser's zones notably in the ribs. 3. A considerable portion of those patients who were receiving treatment under the diagnosis of osteoporosis were found to have evidence of osteomalacia, a finding pointing to the likelihood of coexistence of osteoporosis and osteomalacia. This possibility should therefore always be kept in mind when dealing with osteoporotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Interpretation of the x-ray signs of osteoporosis as special aspect of the new haemodynamic biostatic theory of osteoporosis (author's transl)].

Based on the author's new haemodynamic biostatic theory of osteoporosis the typical symptoms of osteoporosis are demonstrated by X-ray, revised, interpreted and completed. Atrophy of trabeculae related to osteoporosis, consequences for vertebrae bodies and vertebrae column are chronologically explained. Introduction and distribution of force are discussed and the special importance of muscular system and discs to maintain supporting capacity is emphasized.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

Studies on osteoporosis. II. Effect of estrogens and fluoride on experimental osteoporosis. A preliminary report.

Total skeletal calcium level was determined in female mice with the aid of whole body neutron activation analysis. Three months treatment with heparin produced significant osteoporosis in C3H/St(Ha) mice of 3--5 months of age. Treatment with a conjugated natural estrogen preparation (Premarin) prevented this phenomenon but high level fluoride in the drinking water failed to show preventive activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

The Anti-Osteoporosis Effects of Panax japonicus via Downregulation of Inflammatory Factors: A Network Pharmacology and Ovariectomized Rat Model Study.

OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis is a major and growing public health problem characterized by decreased bone mineral density and destroyed bone microarchitecture. Panax japonicus has been clinically used in the treatment of bone diseases, especially osteoporosis. However, there is a lack of study on the mechanism of osteoporosis treatment with Panax japonicus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A network pharmacology approach was employed to identify the targets of osteoporosis and Panax japonicus. Cytoscape 3.7.2 and DAVID were used to visualize the pharmacological mechanism of Panax japonicus in treating osteoporosis by building up compound-target and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and conducting Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. An ovariectomized SD rat osteoporosis model was used to assess the potential therapeutic effect of Panax japonicus in vivo. The biomechanical properties, pathological changes, inflammatory cytokines, bone density, and bone microstructural parameters in rat bone tissue were carefully measured. The biochemical markers of bone metabolism in serum were detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Fifty-two active components and sixty-five target genes of Panax japonicus involved in the treatment of osteoporosis were identified. The PPI network revealed IL-6, TNF, NR3C1, IL-1β, CASP3, ESR1, PGR, and AR to be involved in the treatment of osteoporosis with Panax japonicus. Chikusetsusaponin IVa and Radix ginsenoside-Ro were the main saponins found in Panax japonicus. Panax japonicus was found to exert potent preventive effects on osteoporosis by maintaining biomechanical properties, increasing bone mineral density, and protecting the trabecular microstructure in an ovariectomized rat osteoporosis model. Panax japonicus hindered the initiation of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy by regulating bone metabolism and downregulating the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION: Panax japonicus was found to contain 52 compounds and 65 targets in the treatment of osteoporosis. The administration of Panax japonicus could mitigate osteoporosis in rats induced by ovariectomy, and one of the mechanisms was associated with downregulating the expression of inflammatory factors.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Development and evaluation of a machine learning model for osteoporosis risk prediction in Korean women.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning (ML) model for classifying osteoporosis in Korean women based on a large-scale population cohort study. This study also aimed to assess ML model performance compared with traditional osteoporosis screening tools. Furthermore, this study aimed to examine the factors influencing the risk of osteoporosis through variable importance. METHODS: Data was collected from 4199 women aged 40-69 years in the baseline survey of the Ansan and Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Osteoporosis was set as the dependent variable to develop ML classification models. Independent variables included 122 factors related to osteoporosis risk, such as socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters, lifestyle factors, reproductive factors, nutrient intakes, diet quality indices, medical history, medication history, family history, biochemical parameters, and genetic factors. The six classification models were developed using ML techniques, including decision tree, random forest, multilayer perceptron, support vector machine, light gradient boosting machine, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). The six ML classification models were compared with two traditional osteoporosis screening tools, including the osteoporosis risk assessment instrument (ORAI) and the osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST). The ML model performances were evaluated and compared using the confusion matrix and area under the curve (AUC) metrics. Variable importance was assessed using the XGBoost technique to investigate osteoporosis risk factors. RESULTS: The XGBoost model showed the highest performance out of the six ML classification models, with an accuracy of 0.705, precision of 0.664, recall of 0.830, and F1 score of 0.738. Moreover, the XGBoost model showed a higher performance on AUC than ORAI and OST. Variable importance scores were identified for 69 out of the 122 variables associated with osteoporosis risk factors. Age at menopause ranked first in variable importance. Variables of arthritis, physical activities, hypertension, education level, income level; alcohol intake, potassium intake, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; energy intake, vitamin C intake, gout; and dietary inflammatory index ranked in the top 20 out of the 69 variables, using the XGBoost technique. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that an XGBoost model can be utilized to classify osteoporosis in Korean women. Age at menopause is a significant factor in osteoporosis risk, followed by arthritis, physical activities, hypertension, and education level.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Proteomics-driven discovery of intervention windows and risk subtypes in osteoporosis: A prospective cohort study.

Given the limited feasibility of population-wide bone mineral density screening and the infrequency of long-term monitoring in healthy individuals, identifying the window for early intervention and the populations to be prioritized for screening is critical. This study aimed to identify intervention windows for osteoporosis and to determine potential high-risk subtypes within the healthy population. Based on proteomic data from 41,408 healthy adults, we conducted the DE-SWAN method to identify change peaks in plasma protein during the pre-diagnostic osteoporosis phase, and employed finite Gaussian mixture model-based clustering to delineate high-risk subtypes of osteoporosis. We identified 122 protein biomarkers significantly associated with osteoporosis risk throughout the follow-up period. Importantly, we identified two critical peaks occurring approximately 10 and 6 years before diagnosis, with the former enriched in immune-related pathways and the latter prominently involving responses to retinoic acid and glucocorticoids. Furthermore, one high-risk subtype for osteoporosis was identified in both males and females, termed the Frailty and Obesity Subtype. This subtype is characterized by a high degree of frailty and obesity, accompanied by a significantly elevated risk of both osteoporosis and fractures. Finally, we developed a predictive model comprising 10 proteins for identifying high-risk subtypes of osteoporosis, which demonstrated better performance than the traditional risk factor model (AUC: 0.743 vs. 0.680). Our findings demonstrate that proteomic profiling can reveal early molecular changes and identify high-risk subtypes years before clinical onset, providing a foundation for screening and precision prevention of osteoporosis.

Proteomics↗
PubMed2026

Meta-ERS: an exposome-based risk score using non-genetic factors to guide osteoporosis prevention.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, yet the relative contribution of the exposome remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically identify non-genetic exposures related to osteoporosis and develop an exposome risk score (ERS) to evaluate individual osteoporosis susceptibility. METHODS: We conducted an exposome-wide analysis of 477,792 UK Biobank participants to identify key exposures associated with osteoporosis. The selected exposures were combined into a weighted Meta-ERS and validated in the Scotland/Wales cohort. The Meta-ERS was further compared with polygenic risk scores (PRS) and linked to plasma proteomics to explore underlying biological pathways. RESULTS: We identified 41 independent non-genetic exposures spanning socioeconomic status, mental health, sleep, diet, smoking, physical activity, environment, and marital status, with socioeconomic status and mental health emerging as the most significant drivers. Based on the identified exposures, we constructed eight domain-specific exposure risk scores and integrated them into a weighted Meta-ERS. The Meta-ERS (R2 = 5.1%; Proportion of Chi-Square = 14.3%) demonstrated an ability to explain osteoporosis variation that was on par with polygenic risk scores (R2 = 4.8%; Proportion of Chi-Square = 12.0%). Importantly, modifying unfavorable exposures mitigated the negative effect of PRS on osteoporosis, particularly among high PRS individuals (1.5- to 1.8-fold greater absolute risk reduction than in those with low PRS). Proteomic analyses further revealed potential mechanisms through which the exposome influences osteoporosis, including hormonal regulation, inflammation, ossification, muscle development, lipid metabolism, and accelerated bone aging. Among these, growth/differentiation factor 15 was identified as a key mediator protein, with a mediation proportion of 13.13%-36.52%. CONCLUSIONS: The Meta-ERS facilitates the quantification of individual osteoporosis risk and identifies modifiable exposures for targeted prevention. Its application can enable personalized risk stratification and guide lifestyle or environmental interventions.

Aged↗
PubMed2025

Mechanism of action of curculigoside ameliorating osteoporosis: an analysis based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to predict and verify the mechanism of curculigoside in treating osteoporosis using network pharmacology, molecular docking technology, and micro-CT technology. METHODS: Herb databases were searched to identify and screen potential targets of curculigoside. The GeneCards platform was utilized to mine osteoporosis-related targets. Cytoscape 3.6.0 software was employed to construct a compound-target-disease network. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for curculigoside in osteoporosis treatment was established, and core targets were screened. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and GO biological process analyses were performed using the Metascape database. Finally, molecular docking and micro-CT were used to validate core targets relevant to osteoporosis. RESULTS: A total of 166 potential curculigoside targets and 4,313 osteoporosis-related targets were identified, with 91 common targets. Ten key targets, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3, MMP9, interleukin (IL)-6, and caspase-3, were screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated involvement in 10 pathways, such as the Rap1 signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. Molecular docking results demonstrated strong binding affinity between curculigoside and the core targets. Micro-CT analysis revealed that curculigoside not only improved BMD, BV/TV, BS/BV, and Tb.Th but also reduced Tb.Sp in osteoporotic bone. CONCLUSIONS: Curculigoside is likely to treat osteoporosis through targets such as MMP3, MMP9, IL-6, and caspase-3, acting on signaling pathways including Rap1 and TNF. These results indicate that curculigoside exhibits multitarget and multipathway characteristics in osteoporosis treatment, providing a theoretical basis for further clinical investigation.

Osteoporosis↗
PubMed2026

Association between anaemia and osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis significantly impacts global morbidity. Recent evidence suggests anaemia may contribute to osteoporosis risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates this association. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect were searched for papers. Studies with definition of anaemia and assessing osteoporosis outcomes were included. Meta-analysis utilized random-effects models (DerSimonian-Laird method), and study quality was assessed via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Analyses were performed using R Studio. RESULT: Eighteen studies (861,540 participants) were analyzed. Anaemia significantly increased osteoporosis risk in univariate analysis (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.33-1.98; p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), despite high heterogeneity (I2 = 92.7%). The results remain significant in studies that reported multivariate analysis (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.26-3.21; p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.004). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of our result. CONCLUSION: Anaemia significantly associated with osteoporosis, emphasizing the need for targeted screening in anaemic individuals. Further studies should consider incorporating anaemia into osteoporosis and fracture prediction tools.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

Multi-omics Mendelian randomization integrating RNA-seq, eQTL and pQTL data revealed CPXM1 as a potential drug target for osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis, a prevalent skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk, continues to be a major global health concern. Traditional treatments for osteoporosis have limited efficacy and safety profiles, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic targets. This study integrates multi-omics data, including RNA-seq, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data, through Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify potential drug targets for osteoporosis. By leveraging bidirectional two-sample MR analysis, we identified CPXM1 (Carboxypeptidase X, M14 family member 1) as a novel gene that is causally linked to osteoporosis risk. Through transcriptomic and proteomic validation, we demonstrate that CPXM1 was upregulated in aged bone tissues and osteoporotic conditions in both human and murine models. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed significant dysregulation of bone homeostasis pathways, including increased extracellular matrix degradation and suppression of osteoblast differentiation in aged mice. Furthermore, phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) confirmed minimal off-target effects of CPXM1, reinforcing its potential as a therapeutic target. Finally, computational drug repurposing predicted several promising drug candidates, including Doxorubicin, 5-Fluorouracil, and 2-Methylcholine, which may target CPXM1 pathways for osteoporosis treatment. These findings highlight CPXM1 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target, offering new avenues for osteoporosis therapy.

Osteoporosis↗
PubMed1978

Effect of intravenous calcium load on the serum calcium level in postmenopausal osteoporosis (a study of the pathogenesis, and diagnostic use of the test).

Analysis of calcium tolerance in suggested to represent a valuable diagnostic aid in osteoporosis, particulary in the menopause. The serum calcium level was found to exceed 11.0 mg/dl 60 min after the intravenous injection of 3.6 mg per kg body weight of Ca++ in all patients with osteoporosis, while the level was normal at that point of time in every subject without osteoporosis, including patients with bone disease other than osteoporosis. Administration of norandrosterone decanoate or dehydroepinandrosterone to patients with menopausal osteoporosis resulted in normalization of the post-load hypercalcaemia. Calcium tolerance of menopausal patients without osteoporosis was not affected by dehydroepiandrosterone.

Calcium↗
PubMed1976

Pig calcitonin in the treatment of localised osteoporosis.

On the basis of positive results obtained in the treatment of Sudeck's atrophy with calcitonin, the authors extended their investigation to other forms of localised osteoporosis. Six patients were examined affected by osteoporosis secondary to immobilisation, three patients with osteoporosis of the lower limbs from paralysis of the sciatic nerve and six patients with migrant osteoporosis. Treatment was as follows: pig calcitonin (Calcitar) in doses of 160 u MRC/daily + calcium gluconate in doses of 3 gr/daily. The duration of treatment averaged forty five days. In osteoporosis from immobilisation and nerve lesions the calcitonin treatment did not influence the condition and there was no change in radiographic appearances nor was there any analgesic action. On the other hand, the results were clearly positive in migrant osteoporosis: in all the patients treated there was complete regression of pain, cutaneous trophic changes, and functional loss. At a later stage, normal radiographic appearances were restored.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Etiology of primary osteoporosis: an hypothesis.

By convention, osteoporosis has been described in two categories: 1) primary (involutional or postmenopausal), and 2) secondary, in association with a wide variety of pathologic disorders. Primary osteoporosis is the ultimate consequence of progressive bone loss, which starts in the middle of the fourth decade. Given the apt name of "adult bone loss," it is considered to be a universal phenomenon in that it afflicts all people of all races and both sexes. However, careful analysis of past studies generates evidence that not every person of advanced age loses bone. The etiology of "adult bone loss," and thus of primary osteoporosis, is conceded to be unknown or at least controversial. Nevertheless, the complex dependencies of bone metabolism on the functional integrity of major organ systems imply a multifactorial etiology. The age-related progressive declines in functional reserves of major organ systems may indicate that primary osteoporosis evolves secondarily to a protracted suboptimal metabolic support of bone remodeling. Further confirmation of this hypothesis may have important implications for the prophylactic management of primary osteoporosis.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1979

[Sodium fluoride in the therapy of osteoporosis].

Every form of osteoporosis--except the physiological involution osteoporosis--requires treatment. Osteoporosis is no disease by itself but a result or a concomitant phenomenon of various diseases. Therefore the primary disease has to be treated also. Only for the so-called idiopathic osteoporosis hitherto no cause is known. Today sodium fluoride is the only substance with an influence upon the bone which may induce re-ossification and re-stabilization. In the described series of investigations this compound, with which treatment by gradual dosage is possible, has proved its effectiveness. Osteoporosis is more than bone porosity, therefore additionally afflicted organic or functional system like the muscular apparatus, bone marrow, or the intraosseous blood supply, must be treated too. Psychological guidance of the patient is necessary as he must be motivated for activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteoporosis of the spine, pelvis and hand. A comparative study in a femoral neck fracture series.

In a comparative study of the degree and prevalence of osteoporosis in the hand, pelvis and spine of a group of femoral neck fractures in the elderly, it was noted that spinal osteoporosis was much more frequent and appeared much earlier than pelvic osteoporosis. Similarly, a one way correlation existed between osteoporosis of the hand and spine. No relationship was noted between osteoporosis of the pelvis as measured by our criteria and by the Singh technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hormonal factors in osteoporosis.

Primary osteoporosis is a ubiquitous disease of unknown etiology. The condition undoubtedly has multiple causes and the metabolic pattern of bone loss may vary significantly from case to case. Five hormones, PTH, gonadal steroids, CT, T3 and T4, and glucocorticoids, and possibly a sixth, GH, have fundamental actions on bone metabolism and may therefore be causally involved in primary osteoporosis. A consideration of selected data on hormonal interactions culled from a much larger body of experimental and clinical data leads to the conclusion that in vitro studies, animal research, and data obtained in postmenopausal women with age-related bone atrophy, but not osteoporosis, have yielded considerable data relating to bone metabolism, but have failed to define the causes or treatment of primary osteoporosis. There has been excessive emphasis on hormonal reactions relating to bone metabolism and bone cell function, and too little concern for nonhormonal factors which might influence the kinetics of skeletal turnover through alterations in bone cell activity. A practical approach to the cause(s) and treatment in the only suitable model, the human with osteoporosis, is proposed with the expectation that a better insight into the pathogenesis of the condition will be achieved.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗