PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “prophylactic surgery”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Prophylactic surgery in the diabetic foot.

Prophylactic surgery in the diabetic foot is often fraught with complications, according to a five-year retrospective study at the University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics. The findings indicate that seven major areas need be addressed in order to properly evaluate the potential diabetic surgical patient. These include careful evaluation of preoperative nutritional status, vascular status, neurologic status, bacteriologic culture status, deformity status, radiologic status, and surgical predictive index.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1992

Incidence of transient bacteremia following dental surgery--prophylactic use of cefuroxime, ceftriaxone or clindamycin.

The incidence of transient bacteremia after dental surgery as examined in 15 ml of venous blood has been previously found to amount to 69%. In this study, cefuroxime (1.5g), ceftriaxone (1.0g) or clindamycin (0.6g) was used for chemoprophylaxis to investigate the rate of transient bacteremia after dental surgery. The concentrations of these antimicrobial agents in peripheral blood and an effusion from the tooth extraction wound were measured. The incidence of transient bacteremia was limited to 4.2% by cefuroxime, 0% by ceftriaxone and 5.9% by clindamycin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Time and type of prophylactic surgery for familial adenomatosis coli.

Data on 61 kinds of familial adenomatosis coli registered in Finland, including 185 affected members, were collected to evaluate the chronological evolution of carcinoma in this disease. The long-term results for 52 patients undergoing colectomy and ileorectostomy were reviewed. Colorectal carcinoma occurred in 105 patients, with cumulative percentages of 1, 6, 16, 28, and 42 at 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 years of age. Only three out of 50 call-up patients (6%) had a carcinoma, as compared with 62% in the propositi group. No cases of rectal stump carcinomas were recorded after 52 ileorectostomies in a follow-up period of up to 21 years (mean 6 +/- 5 S.D. years). It was concluded that prophylactic colectomy must usually be performed at 20 to 25 years of age, at the latest. Despite conflicting earlier evidence, colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis may still be a viable alternative, providing that the rectal stump is very short (5 to 10 cm) and the surveillance and treatment of all new adenomas is effective.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Failure of prophylactic surgery to avert massive pituitary expansion in pregnancy.

Macroprolactinomas have a well-recognized potential for marked expansion during pregnancy. Measures advocated to minimize this risk include prior treatment with dopamine agonists, radiotherapy and pituitary surgery. We describe a patient who underwent transsphenoidal surgery with the removal of an histologically proven prolactin-secreting adenoma with the intention of rendering subsequent pregnancy safe. The patient remained hyperprolactinaemic and received prolonged therapy with metergoline and bromocriptine which suppressed prolactin to normal and she conceived after induction of ovulation with human menopausal gonadotrophin and human chorionic gonadotrophin. At 3 months gestation she developed headaches, vomiting, reduced visual acuity and bitemporal hemianopia caused by massive pituitary expansion. Reintroduction of bromocriptine rapidly abolished features of tumour expansion and after delivery of a full-term normal female infant, repeat CT scan documented tumour shrinkage.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1991

[Preventive operations in plastic surgery].

Prophylactic surgery is an operation meant mainly to be preventive but may also be performed in combination with other operations. These procedures should prevent tissue damage or prevent spread and increase of this damage. Examples of such operations are procedures such as after radiotherapy, pressure sores and scar tissue.

Cicatrix↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prophylactic antibiotic therapy in surgery: applications in digestive surgery].

Prophylactic use of antibiotic presently constitutes one essential method in the prevention of postoperative infections in digestive surgery. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is based upon well-codified general rules and on indications determined by the type of surgery, the micro-organismal flora in the organ in question and relevant risk factors. An overview of these principles and indications is presented. The options available for different types of digestive surgery (gastroduodenal, biliary, colorectal) are reassessed in light of defined indications and the results of randomized trials.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1975

Prophylactic antibiotic therapy in surgery.

Prophylactic (preventive) antibiotic therapy initiated preoperatively, with antibiotics administered in moderately high dosage for short periods, is recommended on the basis of experimental and prospective, randomized clinical trials for patients who require surgery that is likely to expose tissue planes to contamination. The value of prophylactic antibiotics in clean operations is not presently supported but must be considered in patients with decreased resistance and in those in whom infection of a prosthesis would have catastrophic results. In these patients topical antibiotics might prove useful and less dangerous. It is clear that surgical technique remains an important but as yet unmeasured factor in wound infection.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of prophylactic, topical and subconjunctival treatment in cataract surgery.

Prophylactic subconjunctival antibiotics and steroids have been used in cataract surgery since the early 1950s. However despite their widespread acceptance, there has, to date, been no direct comparison of subconjunctival and topical routes of administration. We therefore carried out a prospective comparison of the effects of subconjunctival and topical administration of antibiotics and steroids in sixty patients undergoing elective, uncomplicated, extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation. The patients were examined by a single observer on the first and third post-operative days and two and six weeks following surgery. The observer was blinded to the patient treatment group. Significantly higher degrees of conjunctival injection and anterior chamber activity were noted in those who received subconjunctival injections compared with those who received topical treatment. There were no significant differences between the two groups in best corrected visual acuity, central corneal oedema, cystoid macular oedema, intraocular pressure and infection. We conclude that prophylactic subconjunctival therapy in uncomplicated cataract surgery is not necessary.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Penetration of penicillins into cardiac valves and auricles of patients undergoing open-heart surgery.

Prophylactic use of antibiotics in open-heart surgery for insertion of prosthetic valves is common, because of the serious consequences of postoperative staphylococcal infections, most notably prosthetic valve endocarditis. To ensure effective antibiotic cover during surgery, the penetration of cloxacillin and benzylpenicillin into the heart muscle and valves was studied intraoperatively. Both antibiotics were given intravenously (respective initial doses 2 g and 6 g) at induction of anesthesia to ten patients undergoing replacement of aortic or mitral valve, and the same doses were repeated after 4 hours. Serial serum samples and tissue samples from the right atrial auricle and the excised heart valve were analyzed for antibiotic concentrations. The mean serum concentrations of cloxacillin were 204 +/- 93 mg/l 10 min after the initial dose and less than or equal to 26 mg/l 30 min before the second dose. The corresponding values for benzylpenicillin were 323 +/- 145 and 43 +/- 24 mg/l. The cloxacillin concentrations in the auricle just before the start of extracorporeal circulation ranged from 4.5 to 80 mg/kg and (later) in the excised heart valves they were 8.5 to 45 mg/kg. The benzylpenicillin range was 16 to 153 mg/kg in auricle and 13 to 87 mg/kg in valve tissue. The authors conclude that the employed doses of the penicillins are adequate cover against the staphylococci which may be implicated in postoperative infections.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1990

Temporary gastrostomy tubes in major gynecologic surgery.

Prophylactic, temporary tube gastrostomy was done in 39 patients having major gynecologic surgery. Patients who were thought to be at high risk for postoperative ileus had a Foley catheter inserted intraoperatively through the greater curvature of the stomach. The procedure was found to be technically easy, well tolerated by the patients, and clinically useful, since postsurgical ileus was prevented or treated without the local and respiratory ill effects of the commonly used nasogastric tube.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of portal hypertension in China.

In 3,263 cases of portal hypertension, various methods of porta-systemic shunt or portal-azygous disconnection were applied with reasonable results. In addition to the treatment for intractable ascites, peritoneal-jugular shunt and thoracic duct jugular anastomosis were employed in 132 cases. This is our approach to portal hypertension in the big city hospitals. There is much controversy over the suitability of prophylactic surgery and the ideal time for surgery. The reasons for prophylactic surgery and the management of bleeding varices are discussed in this paper.

China↗
PubMed1988

Tympanoplasty surgery and prophylactic antibiotics: surgical results.

This paper reports a multicentre, controlled, blind, prospective, randomized study into the use of prophylactic systemic antibiotics in myringoplasty surgery. A total of 130 individuals were randomly allocated to either an antibiotic or a non-antibiotic group. Each individual was clinically and audiometrically assessed preoperatively, and 8 weeks postoperatively. It was found that systemic prophylactic antibiotics did not influence either the success rate of myringoplasty surgery or the audiometric result.

Adolescent↗