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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Association of active pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary neoplasms].

Six cases are presented (out of a total of 11) with sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis associated with bronchopulmonary carcinoma. The carcinoma developed during the evolution of 9 cases of active tuberculosis that had received a long discontinous treatment with tuberculostatic drugs. Only two of the 11 patients could be operated because the other 9 were hospitalized in the terminal stage of the disease, with invasive tumors. These had neither been suspected nor investigated for neoplasia. The use of all available means of investigation in the early stages of cancer can be of considerable help in the early detection of this disease and may allow for the application of surgical methods. Exploratory thoracotomy, together with extemporaneous histological investigation, are much more useful for the diagnosis than the expectative attitudes, which lead to theloss of the patient. Positive sputum should not eliminate the possibility of the association of tuberculosis with cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2025

LncRNA C5orf64 polymorphisms (rs12518552 and rs2950218) decreases pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibility.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant global health issue, with genetic factors playing a crucial role in susceptibility. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) C5orf64 has been implicated in immune responses and cancer, but its association with PTB risk has not been fully explored. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of 955 participants (474 PTB cases and 481 controls). Rs12518552 and rs2950218 in C5orf64 were genotyped using the Agena MassARRAY system. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between these polymorphisms and PTB risk. Stratified analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of age, gender, and smoking status. RESULTS: Rs12518552-G (OR = 0.82, p = 0.034) and rs2950218-T (OR = 0.77, p = 0.012) were associated with a reduced PTB risk. Stratified analysis revealed that rs12518552 was associated with a protective effect against PTB in individuals over 40 years old (OR = 0.73, p = 0.024), females (OR = 0.77, p = 0.034), and non-smokers (OR = 0.78, p = 0.040), and rs2950218 was also associated with a reduced PTB risk in individuals over 40 years old (OR = 0.73, p = 0.040), females (OR = 0.72, p = 0.046), and non-smokers (OR = 0.72, p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: C5orf64 polymorphisms, particularly rs12518552 and rs2950218, are associated with a reduced risk of PTB. These findings suggest that C5orf64 polymorphisms contribute to genetic susceptibility to PTB, with implications for PTB targeted screening and personalized therapeutic strategies.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Study of the immunological status of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have impaired T-lymphocyte function as measured by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) sensitization and response to tetanus toxoid. The humoral immune response as gauged by the ability to respond to typhoid vaccine was not affected. Tuberculous patients had higher immunoglobulin levels than normal controls. The relative proportions of T lymphocytes in patients were lower than in controls while those of B lymphocytes were normal. By these criteria, rifampin treatment did not seem to cause immunosuppression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Current chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis].

Tuberculosis has today lost much of its dread for mankind: in 1976, 1823 persons contracted tuberculosis and 182 died of pulmonary tuberculosis in Switzerland. In contrast, 1375 died of pneumonia, 1309 of non-specific airway disease and 2202 of bronchial cancer in the same year. The present data on morbidity and mortality in Switzerland resemble those of the other industrial European countries or the USA. The decrease in morbidity and mortality of pulmonary tuberculosis was caused-among other factors-by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy not only profoundly changed the infectivity of tuberculous patients and made ambulatory, domiciliary treatment possible, but cured pulmonary tuberculosis. The introduction of the bactericidal rifampicin led to the latest major landmark in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis in the past 20 years: namely, short-course chemotherapy. Together with the other first-line drugs (isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol), rifampicin shortened the duration of chemotherapy from 18--24 to 9--12 months. Short-course chemotherapy is today the therapy of choice for most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1975

[Nature of metabolic alkalosis in the postoperative period in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

Sixty five patients with pulmonary tuberculosis subjected to extensive and traumatic surgical interventions were investigated. Metabolic alkalosis to the end of the 1st--2d postoperative day would develop in patients, who showed acid-base balance disorders toward acid aspect during the operation. In the mechanism of development of a grave decompensated postoperative metabolic alkalosis the role of a trigger factor is played by a massive intraoperative blood loss with marked hemodynamic disturbances in the immediate postoperative period.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

The association of leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis.

The association of leprosy with pulmonary tuberculosis was seen in 20 cases during January 1972 to October 1977. Of these 20 cases, 15 were of lepromatous, 3 of dimorphous and 2 of tuberculoid leprosy. Maximum number of cases were from 3rd decade of life with male to female ratio of 3 : 1. Patients were suffering from the disease for a very long time (8 cases of lepromatous leprosy with duration of illness 10-15 years). The symptoms of leprosy seemed to have preceded to the symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Duration of tuberculosis in most of them was within 6 months (55%). The predominent presenting symptom was cough with expectoration (100%) and fever (80%). Anaemia (75%) and crepitations (60%) were the presenting physical sign mainly. Radiologically bilateral extensive pulmonary lessons were seen in 14 cases (70%). Sputum for acid fast bacilli was positive in 80% of cases. The general condition and nutritional status was poor and death was resulted in 4 cases (3 of lepromatous and 1 of dimorphous leprosy).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relation between pulmonary tuberculosis and the urinary tract].

We have studied 48 children that presented lung tuberculosis together with the effects tuberculosis has on the urinary apparatus. Clinical, laboratory and radiotherapeutic studies were made in order to confirm the diagnosis which was etiologically confirmed in only two cases. In order to make a good diagnosis it is necessary to use a good technique for urine collection with serial cultures corresponding to four consecutive days and the radiological study of the kidney and its afferent ducts. It is an illness more common than what is thought. It is necessary to know how to detect it and it is very important to have it "in mind" when dealing with any generalized tuberculosis disease: (miliary tuberculosis, meningoencephalitic tuberculosis, etc.). With this article, it has been our purpose to contribute to review and to bring up to data the clinical and pathophysiological concepts of this disease.

Child↗
PubMed1979

U.S. Public Health Service Cooperative trial of three rifampin-isoniazid regimens in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

A total of 822 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were assigned randomly to one of 3 daily rifampin-isoniazid (RIF-INH) regimens: 450, 600, or 750 mg of RIF in combination with 300 mg of INH. After an initial 20 weeks of therapy with RIF-INH, patients recieved 300 mg of INH and 15 mg of ethambutol (EMB) per kg of body weight for either 12 or 18 months after their sputum cultures became negative. The rate of bacteriologic conversion of sputum among the 3 RIF-INH regimens was compared for 552 patients who completed the 20 weeks of RIF-INH therapy. Apporximately 60 per cent of these patients also completed their assigned INH-EMB therapy and were examined for relapse for at least one year after therapy was stopped. There was no significant difference in the rate of sputum conversion or rate of relapse between the group of patients who received 600 mg of RIF and those who received 750 mg of RIF. However, the 450-mg RIF regimen was significantly less effective than the other 2 regimens, as manifested by a lower rate of sputum conversion and a higher rate of treatment failures. Further analysis showed that RIF dosages of less than 9 mg per kg of body weight per day may be inadequate for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. The acceptability of these regimens was high, and the incidence of adverse reactions requiring discontinuation of RIF-INH therapy was quite low (3.3 per cent). A large proportion of patients (44 per cent) developed increased concentrations of transaminase during therapy with RIF-INH. These abnormalities were usually transient and, in most cases, of no clinical significance. In the relapse analysis, 12 months of chemotherapy after sputum conversion was shown to be as effective as 18 months of therapy after conversion of these RIF-containing regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Usefulness of transtracheal puncture and aspiration in the bacteriological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Transtracheal puncture enables two samples of bronchial secretions to be taken-the product of transtracheal aspiration and simultaneously expectorated sputum (obtained in 71% of the cases)-for the purpose of testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cases of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Two groups of patients were studied: Group I: 100 patients who were poor expectorators and who all underwent transtracheal puncture; Group II (Control): 100 patients who expectorated well or who had been given gastric lavages immediately on admission. Laboratroy analyses revealed M. tuberculosis in at least one of the samples obtained from each of the 200 patients. The authors compare the efficiency of the methods used within each group and between the two groups. Samples obtained by transtracheal aspiration and simultaneous expectoration (75% of positive results) more often contained M. tuberculosis than the other Group I samples (64% of total positive results; 64% of positive results for spontaneous sputa, 65% for gastric fluids), and as often as the Group II samples (76% of total positive results), particularly the expectoration samples (78% of positive results). Simultaneously expectorated sputum more frequently contained M. tuberculosis (82% of positive results) than transtracheal aspiration (69% of positive results). Transtracheal puncture and/or simultaneous expectoration were the only examinations revealing M. tuberculosis in 34 patients in Group I. Non-specific bacteriological findings are not relevant. However, the authors point out that this technique is not always innocuous (although no serious complications were observed in this series), and that transtracheal puncture must always be carried out by physicians trained in the technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clinical and roentgenographic manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults in Papua New Guinea.

The clinical and roentgenographic manifestations of newly confirmed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis at Port Moresby General Hospital during a one year period, starting May 1st, 1977, were reviewed. Of 402 adult patients who were commenced on anti-tuberculosis drugs during this period 101 had bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. A history of chronic productive cough was the most common clinical finding. Extrapulmonary involvement was found in one third of the patients. Family history of tuberculosis was positive in 20%. There were 50 patients with one or both upper lobes involved, 20 with miliary, 9 with pleural effusion, 5 with generalized by non-miliary pattern, 5 with lower lobes, and one with primary tuberculosis. No tuberculoma was found and the chest x-ray was normal in 2 patients. The most common pattern was involvement of both upper lobes (31 patients). One or more cavities were present in more that half of the patients. In 13% of the patients, roentgenographic findings were considered atypical for adult pulmonary tuberculosis. Cases of lower lung field tuberculosis were the most difficult to diagnose. Comparing the result of this study with that of similar series from countries with a low prevalence of tuberculosis shows that there is a higher frequency of miliary pattern and a lower frequency of tuberculoma and primary tuberculosis in papua New Guinea adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The radiological features of primary pulmonary tuberculosis.

A very brief review is given of the pathology of primary pulmonary tuberculosis. Numerous characteristic, but not pathognomonic, radiological appearances of primary pulmonary tuberculosis are briefly described and some of them are illustrated. The final diagnosis, however, depends on correlating the radiological picture with the clinical picture and special investigations.

Bronchopneumonia↗
PubMed1979

[Hospitalisation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (author's transl)].

The clinical symptoms of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, transferred from other hospitals to the Pulmological Center of Vienna, were analyzed. Among 373 transferred patients there were 113 cases (30.3%) of pulmonary tuberculosis. A significant change in the range of symptoms between the examined period (1976/77) and former periods could be shown. By a more accurate regard of the symptoms a primary admission to pulmonary center should be possible in about half the cases and the interval between the primary symptoms and the initial treatment would be shortened in this way. It seems, that tuberculosis of the lung as common sickness only has historical significance, as acute illness of single patient it is still important.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spontaneous pneumothorax associated to active pulmonary tuberculosis].

This paper reviewed 8 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax, associated to pulmonary tuberculosis during a period of time of two years at the A.L.M. General Hospital of Toluca, Mex. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical picture, radiology and bacteriology studies. Six males and two females proceding of the low class; farmers all of them. Their age ranged between 18 and 35 years. Two of the patients showed cavitary lesions, five had difusse fibrosis of the lung. We analized the clinical manifestations and reviewed the pathogenic mechanisms as well the medical and surgical treatment. No deaths ocurred en this series. We concluded that the direct relation between active pulmonary tuberculosis and spontaneous pneumothorax is not clear, but their association in this serie suggested further studies to stablished this. We emphasized the importance of this complication rare in the world literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Occurrence with bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Fever was unchanged by chemotherapy in ten patients with bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Blood cultures were positive for Gram-positive organisms in six patients and for Gram-negative organisms in four patients. The same organism was present in sputa and blood in six patients and in urine and blood in two patients. Leukocytosis was not found, and roentgenographic findings did not suggest superinfection. Nine of the ten patients survived. Blood cultures must be obtained in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis whose fever is not altered by antituberculous chemotherapy, so that concomitant septicemia is not neglected.

Adult↗