PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “resource structure”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Process and structure: resource management and the development of sub-unit organisational structure.

Resource Management (RM) requires hospital units to manage their work in new ways, and the new management processes affect, and are affected by, organisation structure. This paper is concerned with these effects, reporting on the basis of a three-year evaluation of the national RM experiment that was commissioned by the DH. After briefly indicating some of the major characteristics of the RM process, the two main types of unit structures existing in the pilot sites at the beginning of the experiment, unit disciplinary structure and clinical directorates, are analysed. At the end of the experiment, while clinical directorates had become more popular, another variant, clinical grouping, had replaced the unit disciplinary structure. Both types of structure represent a movement towards sub-unit organisation, bringing the work and interests of the service providers and unit managers closer together. Their properties are likewise analysed and their implications, particularly in terms of training and organisational development (OD), are then considered. The paper concludes by considering the causes for these structural changes, which, in the immediate time-scale, appear to owe as much to the NHS Review as to RM.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed2000

Evolutionarily Stable Strategies for Consuming a Structured Resource.

A general consumer-resource model assuming discrete consumers and a continuously structured resource is examined. We study two foraging behaviors, which lead to fixed and flexible patch residence times, in conjunction with a simple consumer energetics model linking resource consumption, foraging behavior, and metabolic costs. Results indicate a single, evolutionarily stable foraging strategy for fixed and flexible foraging in a nonspatial environment, but flexible foraging in a spatial environment leads to consumer grouping, which affects the resource distribution such that no single foraging strategy can exclude all other strategies. This evolutionarily stable coexistence of multiple foraging strategies may help explain a dichotomous pattern observed in a wide variety of natural systems.

competitive coexistence↗
PubMed1993

Optimum use of limited resources. Structured teaching in the clinical area.

1. Structured teaching requires written teaching plans. 2. A teaching plan should describe objectives, teaching methods and methods of assessment. 3. Explanation, demonstration and practice are key stages in teaching skills in the clinical area. 4. NVQs can be adapted to form practical teaching plans.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1999

The Homeodomain Resource: sequences, structures and genomic information.

The Homeodomain Resource is a comprehensive collection of sequence, structure and genomic information on the homeodomain protein family. Available through the Resource are both full-length and domain-only sequence data, as well as X-ray and NMR structural data for proteins and protein-DNA complexes. Also available is information on human genetic diseases and disorders in which proteins from the homeodomain family play an important role; genomic information includes relevant gene symbols, cytogenetic map locations, and specific mutation data. Search engines are provided to allow users to easily query the component databases and assemble specialized data sets. The Homeodomain Resource is available through the World Wide Web at http://genome.nhgri.nih.gov/homeodomain

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Aye-ayes: specialists on structurally defended resources.

During the course of a 2-year field study on aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis), data were collected on dietary composition, food acquisition and structural properties of food resources. Aye-ayes in this study sampled remarkably few species from a variety of food types. A majority of these resources were heavily structurally defended and therefore difficult of access for other mammals. Aye-ayes used their modified finger and anterior teeth to harvest most of these resources.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The structure of resource preferences.

This paper outlines the development and testing of the PW questionnaire (Persönliche Wunschvorstellungen-Resource Preferences)--a German version of the IWIR (Inventory of Wishes for Interpersonal Resources; Foa & Bosman, 1979). The PW is based on a taxonomy of resource classes (love, services, goods, money, information, status) proposed by resource theory (Foa & Foa, 1974). The questionnaire was administered to a stratified sample (447 subjects) for the testing of various structural propositions of resource theory. In general, the results support the predicted theoretical order of resource preferences, but the expected two-dimensional hyperstructure (concreteness, particularism) found in American studies must be eked out with an evaluative dimension. The hypothesized circumplex structure of resource classes is dominated by a general component, partly contradicting some theoretical propositions of resource theory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

The Homeodomain Resource: sequences, structures, DNA binding sites and genomic information.

The Homeodomain Resource is an annotated collection of non-redundant protein sequences, three-dimensional structures and genomic information for the homeodomain protein family. Release 3.0 contains 795 full-length homeodomain-containing sequences, 32 experimentally-derived structures and 143 homeo-box loci implicated in human genetic disorders. Entries are fully hyperlinked to facilitate easy retrieval of the original records from source databases. A simple search engine with a graphical user interface is provided to query the component databases and assemble customized data sets. A new feature for this release is the addition of DNA recognition sites for all human homeodomain proteins described in the literature. The Homeodomain Resource is freely available through the World Wide Web at http://genome.nhgri.nih.gov/homeodomain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of medical practice structure on resource use.

The drive to national health care reform has made a central issue of variations among physicians in the use of resources to treat similar cases. While much research exists on this issue, little of it concentrates on the impact of practice structure on resource use. In this column, the author comments on that research. This column is intended as a point of ongoing analysis of health services research of importance to physician executives. The column is edited by John Kralewski, PhD, who heads the Institute for Health Services Research at the University of Minnesota.

Group Practice↗
PubMed1990

Memory deficit in clinical depression: processing resources and the structure of materials.

Resource theory predicts that the relative memory deficit shown by depressed patients should be greater with unstructured than structured material. Previous data using semantic categories word lists supports this, but lists approximating to text have produced the opposite result. Both types of structure were studied in this experiment. The prediction from resource theory was found to hold only when comparing medium and high levels of structure, and to hold more clearly for word lists approximating to text than for semantic categories lists. When word lists of low and medium levels of structure were compared, depressed patients showed relatively greater deficit with the more structured material. Ways in which this could be accommodated in a revised version of resource theory are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Quality of care from a patient perspective--a grounded theory study.

The aim of the present study was to develop a theoretical understanding of quality of care from a patient perspective, using a grounded theory approach. Thirty-five interviews were conducted with a sample of 20 adult hospitalized patients (mean age: 60 years) in a clinic for infectious diseases. Data were analysed according to the constant comparative method. A model was formulated according to which quality of care can be understood in the light of two conditions, the resource structure of the care organization and the patient's preferences. The resource structure of the care organization consists of person-related and physical- and administrative environmental qualities. The patient's preferences have a rational and a human aspect. Within this framework, patients' perceptions of quality of care may be considered from four dimensions: the medical-technical competence of the caregivers; the physical-technical conditions of the care organization; the degree of identity-orientation in the attitudes and actions of the caregivers and the socio-cultural atmosphere of the care organization. The model is discussed in relation to existing theories in the field.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Prison mental health services: results of a national survey of standards, resources, administrative structure, and litigation.

The formation of adequate mental health systems within prisons has accelerated as a result of successful class action lawsuits. Our recent national survey questioned all state correctional departments about the existence of standards in each system, compliance with such standards, prevalence of class action lawsuits involving the issue of providing adequate mental health services for inmates, issues related to consent decrees, available mental health resources within the correctional system, and the administrative structure of the mental health system. Our purpose was to identify those factors correlated with certified class action lawsuits involving issues related to mental health services. Twenty-one states were involved in such litigation. Only the presence of psychiatric hospitals operated by the department of corrections correlated with the presence of certified class action lawsuits involving mental health services. Prison systems larger than 15,000 inmates were at higher risk for such litigation. Smaller systems having psychiatric hospitals run by the state mental health agency appeared to be at less risk for such litigation.

Jurisprudence↗
PubMed2002

The CATH protein family database: a resource for structural and functional annotation of genomes.

Over the last decade, there have been huge increases in the numbers of protein sequences and structures determined. In parallel, many methods have been developed for recognising similarities between these proteins, arising from their common evolutionary background, and for clustering such relatives into protein families. Here we review some of the protein family resources available to the biologist and describe how these can be used to provide structural and functional annotations for newly determined sequences. In particular we describe recent developments to the CATH domain database of protein structural families which have facilitated genome annotation and which have also revealed important caveats that must be considered when transferring functional data between homologous proteins.

Databases, Protein↗
PubMed1999

The treatment of chronic cancer pain in a cancer hospital in The Netherlands.

In a prospective study of 313 Dutch cancer patients with chronic pain, the practice of pain treatment was evaluated by means of Donabedian's structure-process-outcome framework. The practice of pain treatment was assessed by: (1) structural resources, describing the setting in which pain treatment is provided; (2) process components, which describe the clinical practice; and (3) outcome measures, which refer to patients' pain intensity, patient satisfaction, or composite pain management index scores. Results showed that 31.4-59.8% of the cancer pain patients received less than optimal pain treatment. Although pain education and refresher courses for health care providers are scarce, structural resources were not the major cause of the suboptimal level of pain treatment. Rather, the major cause was the process components. Only 36.4% of the patients received strong opioids; 23.1% received analgesics "as needed." Patients' pain knowledge was far from optimal (54.8 on a 0-100 scale), and written pain information was given to only 15.8% of the patients. After discharge, only 36.8% of the district nurses were informed about patients' pain. These results emphasize that continuing efforts to improve the practice of pain treatment are needed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Management of human resources, materials, and organization processes in radioprotection].

INTRODUCTION: The radiologist must learn to face daily management responsibilities and therefore he/she needs the relevant knowledge. Aside from the mechanisms of management accounting, which differ only slightly from similar analysis methods used in other centers, the managing radiologist (the person in charge) is directly responsible for planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling radiation protection, a major discipline characterizing diagnostic imaging. We will provide some practical management hints, keeping in mind that radiation protection must not be considered a simple (or annoying) technical task, but rather an extraordinary positive element for the radiologist's cultural differentiation and professional identity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The managing radiologist can use the theory and practice of management techniques successfully applied in business, customizing them to the ethics and economics of health care. Meeting the users' needs must obviously prevail on balancing the budget from both a logical and an accounting viewpoints, since non-profit organizations are involved. In radiological practice, distinguishing the management of human from structural resources (direct funding is not presently available) permits to use internal benchmarking for the former and controlled acquisition and planned replacement of technologies in the latter, obviously after evaluation of specific indicators and according to the relevant laws and technical guidelines. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Managing human resources means safeguarding the patient, the operator and the population, which can be achieved or improved using benchmarking in a diagnostic imaging department. The references for best practice will be set per tabulas based on the relevant laws and (inter)national guidelines. The physical-technical and bureaucratic-administrative factors involved will be considered as process indices to evaluate the gap from normal standards. Among the different elements involved in managing structural resources, the appropriate acquisition of a piece of radiological equipment is important from both a radiation protection and an economic viewpoints. In the acquisition process, the first and the last steps (technology assessment and planned replacement, respectively) are specifically important for the radiologist and play a major role in global management. In both cases the radiologist must be able to lay out autonomous and objective working projects, also using evaluation algorithms.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1999

The genexpress IMAGE knowledge base of the human muscle transcriptome: a resource of structural, functional, and positional candidate genes for muscle physiology and pathologies.

Sequence, gene mapping, and expression data corresponding to 910 genes transcribed in human skeletal muscle have been integrated to form the muscle module of the Genexpress IMAGE Knowledge Base. Based on cDNA array hybridization, a set of 14 transcripts preferentially or specifically expressed in muscle have been selected and characterized in more detail: Their pattern of expression was confirmed by Northern blot analysis; their structure was further characterized by full-insert cDNA sequencing and cDNA extension; the map location of the corresponding genes was refined by radiation hybrid mapping. Five of the 14 selected genes appear as interesting positional and functional candidate genes to study in relation with muscle physiology and/or specific orphan muscular pathologies. One example is discussed in more detail. The expression profiling data and the associated Genexpress Index2 entries for the 910 genes and the detailed characterization of the 14 selected transcripts are available from a dedicated Web server at. The database has been organized to provide the users with a working space where they can find curated, annotated, integrated data for their genes of interest. Different navigation routes to exploit the resource are discussed.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1984

A strategy, structure, human resource database: OASIS.

Traditionally, strategic planners and human resource professionals have taken separate approaches in their attempts to improve organization functioning. As a result, strategic planners lack important information that affects the implementation of their plans and human resource managers have little impact on the strategic direction of their organizations. The University of Michigan, Hay Associates, and The Strategic Planning Institute have come together in a new venture to build a multicompany database that links organization characteristics and human resource and strategic planning practices with data on company financial performance. The database will be used to make intercompany comparisons on significant organization variables and to identify those practices that lead to improved financial performance.

Data Collection↗