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Results for “retrospective studies”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[A correlative retrospective study of the histological findings and arthrograms in degenerative disease of the meniscus (author's transl)].

The ability to diagnose degenerative changes of the menisci by means of arthrograms was studied retrospectively by correlating the histological and operative findings and arthrographic appearances in 45 cases. It was shown that degenerative changes, as indicated histologically, could be diagnosed by arthrography, but that the arthrogram gave no certain indication of its severity. On the other hand, it appears that fairly severe changes must be present before they become radiologically visible. In negative cases the presence of degenerative changes in bone and cartilage may indicate meniscus degeneration. Problems in the diagnosis of cartilage abnormalities in the arthrogram are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prognostic factors in multiple myeloma: a retrospective study using conventional statistical methods and a computer program.

The prognostic significance of age, sex, ethnic origin and various laboratory data was studied retrospectively in 69 patients with multiple myeloma using conventional statistical tests and the multiple regression computerized analysis. The conventional statistical analysis confirmed that age, anemia, uremia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, hyperuricemia and IgA lambda type myeloma were associated with a poor prognosis. The multiple regression analysis indicated that age and blood urea nitrogen levels were the only variables which significantly affect the survival of patients with multiple myeloma. A correlation was found between blood urea nitrogen levels and other laboratory data of apparent prognostic value. The differences between our results and those of other authors are discussed and it is suggested that they may, in part, be due to the fact that the interplay between the various prognostic variables was not exposed in other studies.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2026

Diagnostic value of plasma cell-free DNA metagenomic next-generation sequencing in patients with suspected infections and exploration of clinical scenarios-a retrospective study from a single center.

BACKGROUND: Plasma cell-free DNA metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a non-invasive comprehensive method for the etiological diagnosis of various infectious diseases. However, research on the early diagnosis and real-world clinical impact of plasma mNGS in patients with suspected infection are still limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively included 140 patients with suspected infections who underwent early plasma mNGS and conventional culture testing. Referring to the clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases, the diagnostic performance of plasma mNGS and culture tests was compared, and the application scenarios and clinical effects of plasma mNGS were evaluated. RESULTS: The positive rate of plasma mNGS was significantly higher than that of culture methods (55.71% vs 25.10%, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) and blood cultures (55.71% vs 12.86%, p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). Regarding clinical diagnosis, the sensitivity of plasma mNGS was significantly higher than that of culture (58.27% vs 37.80%, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.002). The combination of mNGS and culture achieved a higher detection sensitivity (69.29%), especially in patients with multi-site co-infections (73.68%) and blood infections (73.17%). Plasma mNGS demonstrated higher sensitivity in patients with procalcitonin (PCT) index > 5&#x2009;ng/ml or human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) index > 200&#x2009;ng/ml. In terms of treatment, a total of 69 patients (54.33%) benefited from plasma mNGS. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the significant improvement in pathogen detection performance by combining conventional culture with plasma mNGS detection, especially in patients with multi-site co-infections and blood infections. Early use of plasma mNGS as an adjunct to culture can better guide clinicians to initiate appropriate anti-infective therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Progestogens in renal cell carcinoma. A retrospective study.

A retrospective study of 88 cases of renal cell carcinoma is presented with emphasis on the follow-up and progestogens administration. Between the statistically homogeneous groups of patients treated with progesterone capronate and with other therapeutic regimens, no statistical difference in actuarial survival rate could be detected.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Neurologic status and prognosis after cardiopulmonary arrest: I. A retrospective study.

A retrospective survey of survivors of cardiorespiratory arrest included 34 patients. Twenty-one had a good outcome neurologically and 13 were seriously impaired. Depth and duration of postarrest coma correlated significantly with poor neurologic function. Seventy percent of the seriously impaired patients never regained consciousness and none emerged from coma within 5 days; 90 percent of patients with good outcome were alert within 18 hours after resuscitation. Coma motor unresponsiveness, absent pupillary light reflexes, and absent oculocephalic responses were closely associated with dismal prognosis for neurologic functioning. This retrospective study cannot provide a basis for discontinuation of life support at any specific time.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cerebral metastasis without known primary tumour: a retrospective study.

A retrospective study was made of 19 patients who underwent operation for an intracerebral metastasis of an unknown primary tumour. Most patients survived for a few months only, with 2 remarkable ecceptions. In only 8 of them, the primary tumour became manifest in the further course of the illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prolonged curarisation following renal transplantation. A retrospective study.

A retrospective study of postoperative respiratory morbidity in 247 patients requiring renal transplantation between 1955 and 1973 showed that 7 patients required postoperative controlled ventilation for up to 6 days. The nondepolarising relaxants tubocurarine and pancuronium were used in only 65 patients, but all 7 cases of respiratory failure occurred in this group. This suggests that the use of these drugsin anephric patients is potentially hazardous so far as postoperative respiratory insufficiency is concerned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Quality of specimens and sputum culture results: a retrospective study.

A retrospective study of laboratory reports of sputums examined in the first 3 months of 1977 and of 1978 showed some interesting findings, which were similar in these 2 years. Analysis of the findings demonstrated that information from a proportion of sputum cultures were not helpful to the clinicians. Probable causes of such unhelpful results and some ways to overcome these problems were discussed, along with reviews of relevant literature. A conclusion drawn at the end of the discussion was that, under present circumstances, it was not expected that sputum cultures would produce totally reliable aetiological agents, unless attempts were made to obtain a better quality of specimen, e.g. those obtained by transtracheal or bronchoscopic aspirations.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1977

[26 cases of tracheal stenosis after prolonged intubation or tracheotomy. Personal retrospective study].

A retrospective study over a period of 10 years, involving different hospital departments, revealed a total of 26 patients with post-intubation and/or post-prolonged tracheotomy stenosis which required surgical treatment. Predisposing factors included poor general condition, infection, iatrogenic factors related to intensive therapy (respiration, inadequate nursing) and the duration. Stenosis were situated from the sub-glottis to the carina. After surgical treatment, there were ten cases of restenosis, two multiple, and one inflammatory granuloma. Intubation may be life-saving, but must be performed by an individual competent in the procedure, under strictly aseptic conditions, and using non-traumatic disposable material. The patient should undergo thorough ENT examination at the time of extubation, repeated one month and six months later.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cervico-facial actinomycosis. A retrospective study.

A retrospective investigation of 25 cases of verified cervico-facial actinomycosis recorded in the period 1971--76 is presented. The results have been compared with the findings from a previous examination carried out by one of the authors during 1955--64. A marked increase of cervico-facial actinomycosis was noted. The clinical picture seems to be changing to a more alarming appearance, in agreement with the classical description of this entity. According to this agreement with the classical description of this entity. According to this a prolongation of the period of treatment was found. Other aspects of the disease are discussed based on the present results. The recommended treatment is still a combination of antibiotic medication and surgical removal of infectious foci.

Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial↗
PubMed1979

Physical growth in phenylketonuria: I. A retrospective study.

A retrospective cross-sectional survey of phenylketonuria (PKU) was conducted in 1967. Questionnaires on 693 patients, clinically thought to have PKU, were reanalyzed to obtain information on growth in height and head circumference in patients with untreated and previously treated PKU. To provide a comparison to the growth findings of the Collaborative PKU Study, a definition of PKU was adopted to correspond to the one used in that study. Stature in 232 outpatients with untreated PKU was normal but, in 31 institutionalized individuals, the mean height was -1.4 standard deviations below the mean of a normal population. Head circumference in patients with untreated PKU was normal at birth, but showed an increasingly negative deviance with age and was -1.4 SD in untreated adults. Height measurements of 135 children with PKU in whom treatment was started before 121 days of age (age chosen to coincide with criteria for the Collaborative Study) had a significant reduction in height growth, -.8 SD. Head circumference measurements of 115 children treated for PKU were -.7 SD of normal. The depression in head circumference was less in treated subjects with PKU than in untreated ones of the same age. These findings are corroborated by a review of the literature, which contains no convincing report of normal growth during treatment of PKU.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Significance of retrospective studies.

Examples of retrospective studies are presented to demonstrate some facets of such studies, both good and bad, pointing out the need for good controls. Also important are a clear idea of the question to be answered, and careful planning around that answer as the study progresses.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

'Classic' and 'acute' myelofibrosis. A retrospective study.

In a retrospective study of 38 patients with histologically proven myelofibrosis, 5 parameters (recorded on the first admission) were investigated as to their usefulness to predict the course of the disease. In 9 patients the development of 'acute' myelofibrosis could be predicted by the finding of pancytopenia, low reticulocyte counts (median 20,500/mul), extremely elevated SRE (median 125 mm) and normal serum levels of LDH and uric acid on the first admission. In 28 patients the development of classic fibrosis with splenomegaly could be predicted by the finding of high reticulocyte counts (median 133,200/mul) and increased levels of serum LDH (median 547 U) and uric acid (median 8 mg/dl in males and 6.8 mg/dl in females) on the first admission, even when splenomegaly was initially absent. The relationship between classic and acute myelofibrosis and the significance of the mentioned parameters is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spectinomycin in the treatment of anal gonorrhea: a retrospective study.

The authors conducted a retrospective study of 125 male patients treated for anal gonorrhea with 4 g of spectinomycin in a social hygiene clinic. Of those treated, nine (7.2%) still had cultures positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae when tested again five to 14 days after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Enteroliths in horses--a retrospective study of 30 cases.

In a retrospective study of selected cases, abdominal colic in 30 horses was attributed to enterolith obstructions of the large intestine. Obstructions caused by "true" enteroliths were confined to horses more than four years old. Prominent clinical features were recurrent mild abdominal pain, inappetance, gaseous distension and minimal intestinal motility. The various aspects of the clinical syndrome, including diagnostic problems and clinical management, are discussed. Most obstructing enteroliths were found near the beginning of the small colon and most horses contained only a single major concretion. Enteroliths were formed by mineral deposition in concentric layers about a central nidus of ingested material and were spherical or tetrahedral in shape. Intestinal concretions were found to consist primarily of ammonium magnesium phosphate.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Histopathologic classification of malignant melanoma of the skin. Retrospective study of 149 cases].

In a retrospective study, the histological slides of 149 cutaneous melanomas are classified according to CLARK et al. (1969) into four levels of dermal invasion and three types of melanoma. Simultaneously, the depth measured in millimeters is added in a slightly modified version of BESLOW's method. This demonstrates the practicability of CLARK'S classification with only a few routine sections. The presumptions are (1) The tumor must be cut through its largest extension. (2) The bordering parts of the lesion in the epidermis must be examinable. (3) The specimen must be excised down to the subcutaneous fat. (4) Beside the Hämalaun-Eosin stains, a Van Gieson Elastica stain should be available to determine the level of invasion. Although it is easy to recognize level V, it is difficult to distinguish level II from III or III from IV in some cases. Our material, as compared to the literature, contained more nodular melanomas and lesions of levels IV and V. The reasons for this are discussed. The prognosis of nodular melanomas is worse than that of superficial spreading melanomas even when they are classified into the same level of invasion. A good correlation between the survival rate and the level of invasion is shown. In addition, the prognostic value of the histological staging can probably be optimized by measuring the vertical extent of the lesions in millimeters.

Humans↗