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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Resuscitation. Revival should be the first priority.

During resuscitation, it is important to distinguish between those maneuvers directed at patient revival and those directed at examination and measurement. Revival should always be the top priority. The steps for revival are easily remembered as ABCDEF: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Decompression, Elimination, and Fluids. Once these steps have been completed, vital functions can be assessed and measurements to aid in diagnosis can be taken.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1991

Role of xanthinol nicotinate in the revival of monkeys subjected to acute haemorrhagic shock.

The therapeutic potential of xanthinol nicotinate in the revival of anaesthetised monkeys subjected to acute blood loss was investigated. The arterial pressure was lowered to 40 +/- 5 mmHg by rapid arterial bleeding and was maintained at this level for 2 h. Shed blood was then returned through infusion, to the animals. Animals alive at the end of 72 h observation period were considered as survivors. The test drug was infused 1/2 h prior to and 1/2 h, 1 h, 1 1/2 h and 2 h after the onset of oligaemic hypotension. The animals which received normal saline instead of test drug were treated as control. The physiological and biochemical parameters recorded prior to and after the onset of oligaemic hypotension were heart rate, pulse pressure, electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram (EEG), lactic acid, creatine phosphokinase, urea and glucose. The results showed tachycardia, narrowing of pulse pressure, depression of ST segment with occasional T inversion, slowing of EEG with increase in amplitude, rise in blood lactic acid, creatine phosphokinase, urea and glucose. The magnitude of these responses were proportional to the duration and severity of shock. These changes were markedly attenuated in the drug treated group. Enhancement of survival was observed in drug treated groups as compared to control. It was 10 per cent in control as against 60, 86, 71, 57 and 50 per cent in the groups which received the test drug 1/2 h prior to and 1/2 h, 1 h, 1 1/2 h and 2 h after the onset of oligaemic hypotension. It is concluded that the beneficial effect of the drug in the revival of monkeys subjected to acute haemorrhagic shock may be due to better maintenance of tissue perfusion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

The autopsy: its decline and a suggestion for its revival.

The hospital autopsy rate in the United States dropped from 41 per cent in 1964 to 22 per cent in 1975. This reduction is attributable to a declining interest for many reasons by clinicians, surgeons, pathologists, families of the deceased and hospital administrators and hospital accreditors. Various advances in medicine and surgery in recent years have not replaced the value of the autopsy; indeed they have increased the potential information to be gained from it. For interest in autopsies to be revived among physicians and surgeons, pathologists must provide more expert information from the autopsy. To provide the type of information sought from autopsies by physicians and surgeons, the training of pathologists must be altered so that there can be more specialization in anatomic pathology and more subspecialization in the various organ systems, as in internal medicine. In addition, the means of communication between anatomic pathologists and clinicians needs altering so that important clinical questions are recognized by pathologists, and the answers sought and promptly, understandably and diplomatically communicated to physicians and surgeons. Moreover, the large body of information obtained in recent years from autopsies alone needs to be better recognized by clinicians so that they may better understand the value of these examinations.

Attitude↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Revival of convulsive therapy].

After a brief review of the history of convulsive therapy, the paper criticises the denigratory campaign which was directed against this form of therapy for many years in Italy and later abroad. It stresses that convulsive therapy is now used worldwide, in spite of a few justifiable restrictions, for these indications and that the risks involved in the therapy itself, which are minimum, have been reduced. The Authors complain that this revival, which is now spreading internationally, has been hardly felt in Italy, especially in university circles.

Convulsive Therapy↗
PubMed1992

Revival of the radial artery for coronary artery bypass grafting.

Eighteen years after its first introduction for coronary artery revascularization, the radial artery (RA) was reinvestigated because of unexpected good long-term results in the early series. Since July 1989, 104 patients underwent myocardial revascularization using 122 RA grafts (18 patients received two grafts). The left internal mammary artery (IMA) was concomitantly used as a pedicled graft in 100 cases and the right IMA in 19 cases; a free IMA graft was used in 29 cases and a saphenous vein graft in 24 cases. A mean of 2.8 grafts per patient were performed. Nine patients underwent associated procedures: carotid endarterectomy (3), aortic valve replacement (3), Bigelow procedure (1), and mitral valve repair (2). The target artery receiving the RA was the circumflex (n = 59), diagonal (n = 29), right coronary (n = 27), and left anterior descending (n = 7). One patient died (0.96%) and 2 had perioperative myocardial infarct. Sternal wound infection was noted in 3 cases of double IMA implantation. No ischemia of the hand was observed. All patients received diltiazem started intraoperatively and continued after discharge. In addition aspirin (100 mg/day) was given at discharge. Early angiographic controls (less than 2 weeks) were obtained in the first 50 consecutive patients and revealed 56 of 56 patent RA grafts, 48 of 48 patent left IMA grafts, 11 of 11 patent right IMA grafts, 14 of 18 patent free IMA grafts, and 8 of 9 patent vein grafts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

St. John Ophthalmic Hospital. An ancient tradition of service revived in the Holy Land.

In Jerusalem in 1888, the Hospital of St. John was founded to combat the eye diseases prevalent in the Middle East. Since that time, this institution has survived world wars and local ones, and the geographic confusion created by redefinition of national borders. The author reviews the remarkable 90-year history of this institution, with special emphasis on her 13-year personal association there.

Economics, Hospital↗
PubMed1992

Silent period measurement revives as a valuable diagnostic tool with transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Following magnetic transcranial stimulation (TCS) a post-excitatory pause can be observed in surface electromyographic (EMG) recordings from pre-innervated muscles. We studied the duration of this silent period (SP) in the abductor pollicis brevis muscle while varying the stimulus intensity (SI) and the amount of the voluntary tonic contraction in 23 normal adults aged 20-78 years. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation of SP with SI and a slight negative correlation with age. In 11 hemiparetic patients a relative increase of the SP was found on the affected side despite normal central motor conduction time. A marked shortening of the SP in relation to controls was observed in 6 parkinsonian patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The revival of the horseshoe graft (side-to-side saphenous-vein-to-aorta anastomosis).

The technique of the horseshoe graft, side-to-side saphenous-vein-to-aorta anastomosis, using a long saphenous vein harvested from the leg is described in this communication. The lack of valves between the ankle and the knee and the high caliber natural Y distributions make this technique attractive. Constructing a double set of vein graft provides, in particular, unlimited possibilities for the construction of six to eight grafts if this appears anatomically feasible.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed2025

Reviving Élie Metschnikoff's Monospora: the obligately parasitic yeast Australozyma monospora sp. nov.

A vast literature explores a model system that consists of a prey crustacean, the water flea Daphnia spp., and an obligately pathogenic yeast that has been referred to as Metschnikowia bicuspidata and thought to represent the material used by Metschnikoff in his study of innate immunity. Typification of species bearing that name and indeed the whole genus has been problematic as regards yeasts that only grow or form aciculate ascospores in hospite. The neotype of M. bicuspidata, unlike the Daphnia parasite, is easily cultured on a variety of laboratory media, although it too can cause serious infections in a variety of mostly aquatic animals. It has become evident that the Daphnia parasite studied by Metschnikoff or current workers is not closely related to M. bicuspidata as currently understood. Analysis of whole genome DNA extracted from the yeast repeatedly found in infected Daphnia specimens shows that it belongs to the recently circumscribed genus Australozyma. The yeast is described here as Australozyma monospora sp. nov. The species, although haplontic and heterothallic, forms single-spored asci without mating. It also appears that all species in the genus are restricted to asexual reproduction, which may explain their rare status. The holotype is MICH 346683. The name is registered in Mycobank under the number MB 859667.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Getting down to cases: the revival of casuistry in bioethics.

This article examines the emergence of casuistical case analysis as a methodological alternative to more theory-driven approaches in bioethics research and education. Focusing on The Abuse of Casuistry by A. Jonsen and S. Toulmin, the article articulates the most characteristic features of this modern-day casuistry (e.g., the priority allotted to case interpretation and analogical reasoning over abstract theory, the resemblance of casuistry to common law traditions, the 'open texture' of its principles, etc.) and discusses some problems with casuistry as an 'anti-theoretical' method. It is argued that casuistry so defined is 'theory modest' rather than 'theory free' and that ethical theory can still play a significant role in casuistical analysis; that casuistical analyses will encounter conflicting 'deep' interpretations of our social practices and institutions, and are therefore unlikely sources of increased social consensus on controversial bioethical questions; that its conventionalism raises questions about casuistry's ability to criticize norms embedded in the societal consensus; and that casuistry's emphasis upon analogical reasoning may tend to reinforce the individualistic nature of much bioethical writing. It is concluded that, not-withstanding these problems, casuistry represents a promising alternative to the regnant model of 'applied ethics' (i.e., to the ritualistic invocation of the so-called 'principles of bioethics'). The pedagogical implications of casuistry are addressed throughout the paper and include the following recommendations: (1) use real cases, (2) make them long, richly detailed and comprehensive, (3) present complex sequences of cases, (4) stress the problem of 'moral diagnosis', and (5) be ever mindful of the limits of casuistical analysis.

Bioethical Issues↗