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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1978

[On the phenomenology of juvenile sexual delinquency and on the phenomenology of juvenile sexual delinquents - child-neuropsychiatric aspects of prevention of deviating sexual behaviour. Juvenile sexual delinquency:introduction to the problems, phenomenology (author's transl)].

The prophylaxis and clearing-up rate of deviating sexual behaviour of adolescents could be favourably influenced, if doctors, teachers and judicial administrators had a better knowledge of the phenomenology of sexual delicts as well as sexual delinquents. 87 expert opinions on juvenile sexual delinquents were analysed under this aspect. In the majority of cases sexual delicts of adolescents reveal a far more extensive disturbance in their individual and social development.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

[On the phenomenology of juvenile sexual delinquency and on the phenomenology of juvenile sexual deliquents--child-neuropsychiatric aspects of prevention of deviating sexual behavior. Phenomenology of adolescent sexual delinquency from a social and medical point of view. Prevention of deviant sexual behaviour (author's transl)].

Among manifold causes and conditions there are two essential roots: unfavourable social background and cerebroorganic disturbances. Crime prevention must increasingly concentrate on infancy and youth. Emphasis is laid upon crime preventive possibilities of sex education and the importance of child neuropsychiatry within the framework of complex public measures to combat criminality.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Sexual interviewing, evaluation, and therapy: psychoanalytic emphasis on the use of sexual fantasy.

Sexual fantasy in initial interviews and during psychotherapy and psychoanalysis is explored for its contribution to understanding psychopathology, both sexual and nonsexual. The focus is on distinguishing between the sexual and the seemingly sexual. "Sexual" behavior and fantasy are regarded as having sexual pleasure and orgasm as the predominant goal. Seemingly sexual behavior and fantasy have a predominant goal that is not sexual, even though a sexual mode is used. Predominant goals in the seemingly sexual are emphasized such as coping with intense aggression and problems of self-esteem, self-definition, self-cohesion, and the maintenance of object relations. Sexual fantasy and behavior can be especially useful for repairing negative self- and object images and the associated intensely negative affects. This does not imply that all more primitive patients are incapable of experiencing intense sexual pleasure and orgasm. On the contrary, borderline patients, with extensive use of splitting mechanisms at the level of dyadic object relating, may have intact sexual functioning.

Affect↗

PubMed1976

The development of puberty, the sexual début and sexual function in hypospadiacs.

The development of puberty, the sexual debut and the sexual function were investigated in a longitudinal study of an unselected material of 220 primary cases of hypospadiacs, treated during the period 1965 to 1969 and followed-up during the period 1965 to 1974. The development of puberty in hypospadiacs strongly resembled that in a normal male population. Out of 121 hypospadiacs between 13 and 30 years of age 66 had had sexual intercourse. The median age for the sexual debut was 16.9 years compared to 16.6 years in a normal male population. Thirty out of 55 hypospadiacs without experience of sexual intercourse were in the age-group 13-16. Hypospadiacs with experience of sexual intercourse continued their sexual function was normal. Forty-one out of 66 were married and 24 out of 41 had children. In order to study the influence of the surgical treatment on the sexual debut and sexual function the 121 hypospadiacs were divided into two groups: those in whom treatment was completed before or at the age of 12 years, and those in whom treatment was completed at 13 years of age or later. The median age for the sexual debut was 15.5 years in the former group and 17.6 in the later group. An interesting finding was that almost half of the hypospadiacs in whom treatment was complted at 13 years of age or later had had a preoperative sexual debut despite the presence of curvature in all cases, and despite the fact that all types of hypospadias were represented. The median age for the sexual debut in this group was 17.1 years.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Sexual attitudes, behavior and satisfaction for able-bodied and disabled participants attending workshops in human sexuality.

Since 1973, Sexual Attitude Reassessment (SAR) Workshops have been conducted for persons with physical handicaps, health care professionals and interested members of the community. Although reassessment of personal sexual attitudes is the primary objective of the workshops, several closely related objectives have emerged: (1) evaluation of the impact of the experience on changing both sexual attitudes and behaviors; (2) evaluation of the sexual satisfaction and problem areas of participants with particular reference to persons with physical disabilities; and (3) provision of an institute-wide catalyst for initiating programs and services based on newly identified unmet needs. This article presents data from 15 workshops with emphasis on comparing the sexual attitudes, behavior and satisfaction of the able-bodied and the disabled participants. Of the 650 participants, 98 (15%) were disabled and of this group approximately 75% had spinal cord injury. Comparison of pre- and post-workshop responses to sexual attitude scales showed similar and significant changes on four of nine scales for both the able-bodied and disabled groups. Analysis of sexual behavior and satisfaction by physical status revealed that the disabled participants were less active than the able-bodied participants although both groups reported similar percentages of satisfaction (38 and 41% respectively) with their current level of sexual activity. Lack of partners was cited most frequently by both groups as the major reason for dissatisfaction with current sexual status. Implications of these findings are discussed with regard to sexual counseling and areas of further research.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Sexual education and contentment with the feminine sexual role (author's transl)].

The correlation of sexual education during childhood and the later contentment with the feminine sexual role was quantitively tested for its statistical significance. The data were collected for 386 women with a questionnaire and psychometric testing. Contentment with the feminine sexual role showed correlations to the age of the first sexual education (p smaller than 0.01), to the quality of the sexual education (p smaller than 0.05) and to the experience of the individual sexuality during adolescence (p smaller than 0.05). The earlier and the more positive the sex education the higher was the contentment with the own sexual role. Women who were most content with their presently experienced sexuality were also most content with their social role (p smaller than 0.01). Of importance in the discussion of the results were relationships between the contentment with the sexual role and the age (p smaller than 0.05), neurotic personality traits (p smaller than 0.01), obesity (p smaller than 0.01), psychosomatic complaints (p smaller than 0.05) and the present state of health (p smaller than 0.001). These results are of practical importance for sexual councelling in gynaecology.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Modeling effects of explicit and nonexplicit sexual stimuli on the sexual anxiety and behavior of women.

This study focused on the specific effects of explicit and nonexplicit sexual stimuli on anxious, coitally inexperienced women. Using Bandura's social learning theory as the thoretical framework, the consequences of modeling behavior on an individual's response patterns were examined. Responses indicating sexual anxiety level, preferred sexual behavior, and manifest anxiety level were recorded. Forty-five women were selected based on their scores on the Short Manifest Anxiety Scale. The subjects were then randomly placed into three treatment groups: explicit, nonexplicit, and control. Analysis of the data revealed significant differences among the women in each of the three groups regarding sexual behavior. Sexual anxiety levels also differed between women in the explicit and control groups. Pre- and posttest manifest anxiety scores also showed a significant difference in the explicit-group women. It has been shown that anxious, coitally inexperienced women who are exposed to sexually explicit stimuli in a controlled situation will have lower sexual anxiety levels, have lowered manifest anxiety levels, and be more willing to participate in a greater variety of sexual behaviors under appropriate circumstances. The results of this study may aid those in the helping professions gain a better understanding of the effects sexual stimuli have on certain individuals.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Personality, sexuality, and demographic differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers for a laboratory study of male sexual behavior.

Personality, sexuality, and demographic differences were examined in volunteers and nonvolunteers for a laboratory study of male sexual arousal. Subjects were 108 participants in a questionnaire study entitled "Personality and Sexuality", who were then asked to volunteer for a second study which necessitated watching sexually explicit films, being partially undressed in an experimental chamber, and having penile diameter measured via a strain gauge device. Volunteers for the second study were found to be less guilty, less sexually fearful, more sexually experienced, and older than nonvolunteers. Volunteers also reported a higher incidence of past erectile difficulties and tended to be White or of mixed racial heritage, as opposed to being Oriental. Other personality variables did not discriminate between the two groups. The results indicate that future research in human sexuality using the laboratory analytic method must impose strict limits on generalization from the research data.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Female self-report and autonomic responses to sexually pleasurable and sexually aversive readings.

This study was designed to investigate possible differential autonomic responses to sexually pleasurable and sexually aversive readings. Reading conditions were counterbalanced so that an equal number of subjects received both orders of the two readings. Female subjects' ratings, skin conductance (SC), finger pulse (FP), and heart rate (HR), in response to these readings were compared. The sexually pleasurable as compared to the sexually aversive passage was rated as more sexually stimulating, less anxiety and guilt provoking, and less disgusting, but as equally well portrayed and interesting (extent of boredom). While essentially equal SC increases were noted in response to both readings, HR deceleration and vasodilation were more characteristic of the response to the sexually pleasurable passage. These findings were compared within the context of preexperimental setting conditions and were interpreted in terms of Lacey's intake-rejection hypothesis. These findings are consistent with the idea that pleasurable sexual readings are associated with interest, attention, and heart rate deceleration, whereas aversive material may be related to rejection of the material and to heart rate acceleration.

Arousal↗

PubMed1978

Changes in marital sexual relationship following treatment for sexual dysfunctioning.

Ten couples treated for sexual dysfunctional problems were administered the Sexual Compatibility Test before and after treatment. Significant changes between before-and-after testing were found on all subscales, on the major scales, and on dysfunctional scores. Changes occurred in amount of sexual communication, amount of sexual activity, level of sexual pleasure, and the ability to perceive accurately a mate's sexual preferences and pleasures. The group means of test scores for before-and-after testing were computed and the significance of the differences presented. No significant differences were found for a control group. Group profiles of the treatment group were presented. The impact of the observed changes upon the lives of the treatment couples was discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Sexual experience and sexual responsiveness: sex differences.

Male (30) and female (30) college undergraduate subjects were shown five photographic slides depicting different heterosexual behaviors and one slide depicting solitary masturbation by a person of the same sex as the subject. Subjects rated the extent to which they found each of the slides sexually arousing and pleasant or unpleasant and indicated how many times they had personally engaged in each of the depicted activities. Following exposure to the slides, sexual arousal and emotional reactions were assessed. Contrary to the propositions of Kinsey et al. (1953), female heterosexual experience was equal to or superior to masturbation experience as an indicant of female sexual reactivity to the erotic materials. Among males, masturbation experience was superior to heterosexual experience as an indicant of sexual reactivity. The role of affective reactions to sexual experiences as determinants of sexual responsiveness is discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Sexual daydreams and quantitative aspects of sexual activity: some relations for males across adulthood.

Sexual daydreams were measured using the Imaginal Processes Inventory, while retrospective data on number of coital partners, frequency of intercourse in early marriage, and quantity of sexual activity experienced between 20 and 40 years of age were obtained by interview. The 277 men studied ranged from 24 to 91 years. The frequency and intensity of sexual daydreams declined with increasing age, and after age 65 virtually disappeared. The occurrence of sexual daydreams varied directly with each of the three behavioral indicators of sexual vigor for all age groups through age 64. The results are seen as supportive of the "current concerns" explanation of daydreaming production.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

A sexual-enhancement workshop: beyond group systematic desensitization for women's sexual anxiety.

This study investigated whether six women who previously had received 15 sessions of group systematic desensitization (SD) for their sexual anxiety would report additional treatment gains from participation in a sexual-enhancement workshop with their partners. After group SD six couples participated in six, 1 1/2 hour weekly group sessions. The women reported a significant increase in marital adjustment and a significant decrease in sexual anxiety. A significant decrease was found in the women's sexual nonresponsiveness as perceived by their partners. Future studies should (1) contrast the effects of group SD with women alone versus couple group treatment, (2) determine which treatment components are most influential for defined subject types, and (3) obtain data on men's sexual functioning.

Anxiety↗

PubMed1977

Sexual behavior in the cockroach genera Periplaneta and Blatta. III. Aggression and sexual behavior.

Relationships between aggression and sexual behavior were examined in 6 cockroach species (genera Periplaneta and Blatta) in a descriptive manner. Aggressive encounters were classified according to intensity level. The behaviors themselves were scrutinized for differences according to varying contexts such as food and water deprivation and sexual situations. Sexual and species differences in aggressive behaviors were analyzed. Sexual encounters in cockroaches are considered as conflict situations in which many of the sexual behaviors of male male serve to neutralize aggressive behaviors of the female. Major adaptations include a male pheromene, tergal glands and defensive manoeuvering with body and legs.

Aggression↗

PubMed1977

Role of sexual and non-sexual practices in the transmission of hepatitis B.

Medical, social, and sexual histories were taken from 198 men attending a department for sexually transmitted diseases. Their blood was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and its antibody, and also for syphilis and liver function. Infection with hepatitis B virus was found to be common among practising homosexuals and to occur much more frequently in them than in heterosexuals. Hepatitis B appeared to be transmitted sexually rather than by other means, but it was not possible in this study to link its transmission with any particular homosexual practice. However, risk of infection increased considerably with the number of sexual partners and nearly half of those with more than 40 sexual partners had been infected.

Hepatitis B↗

PubMed1979

Alterations in plasma sexual steroid concentrations in the collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) during the sexual maturation and reproduction cycle.

Plasma progesterone (PROG), testosterone (TEST), oestrone (E1) and 17 beta-oestradiole (E2) concentrations were determined in collared doves living under natural conditions in young as well as sexually inactive animals further in different phases of the reproduction cycle; measurements were made by radioimmunoassay following Sephadex LH 20 chromatography. Sexual steroid plasma concentration in young and sexually inactive male and female birds were essentially the same characterized by relatively high PROG (3--400 pg/ml), and lower and similar TEST and E2 levels (2--300 pg/ml). In males, high TEST (2092 +/- 1074.9 pg/ml) and low E2 (89.4 +/- 57.3 pg/ml) levels were characteristic during the courting phase. In hatching males, although the weight of the testicles were not altered. TEST level markedly decreased 498 +/- 132.9 pg/ml) while E2 level significantly increased (469 +/- 90.1 pg/ml). "Lactating" males were characterized by similar sexual steroid plasma concentration levels, however, the weight of the testicles was greatly reduced. In female doves high PROG (1057 +/- 430.7 pg/ml) and low E2 (96.5 +/- 79.9 pg/ml) levels were found during the growing period of the follicles. In birds with ovaries having large follicles PROG level were depressed (487.7 +/- 255.6 pg/ml), while that of E2 increased (337 +/- 140.2 pg/ml). In periovulating birds high PROG (2972.5 +/- 1134.9 pg/ml) and low E2 (73 +/- 82.4 pg/ml) levels were detected. Both PROG (478.5 +/- 98.4 pg/ml) and E2 (101 +/- 45.5 pg/ml) levels were low in hatching and lactating females. Throughout the maturation and the sexual cycle PROG remained unchanged in males, TEST was not altered in females, while E1 levels remained unaltered in both sexes.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

The relationship between sexual and aggressive behaviour, and pituitary and testicular activity during the seasonal sexual cycle of rams, and the influence of photoperiod.

Six adult Soay rams were housed under artificial lighting conditions with alternating 16-week periods of long (16 h light: 8 h darkness) and short days (8L:16D) During long days the rams were reproductively quiescent: the abrupt change from long to short days induced a specific succession of responses in the reproductive system. Plasma LH and FSH levels began to increase after 2-4 weeks, followed almost immediately by a rise in plasma testosterone levels accompanied by growth of the testes. Testicular activity continued to increase during short days and the greatly elevated androgen levels apparent after 5-10 weeks caused changes in the peripheral target organs, including growth of the epididymides, development of the sexual flush on the exposed ventral skin and heightened genital sensitivity. High testosterone levels were also associated with an increase in aggressive (scored by a mechanical device) and sexual (incidence of Flehmen) behavior which was at peak about 1 month after the start of the peak androgen levels. The change to long days was associated with a decrease in plasma gonadotrophin levels within 2 weeks followed by a progressive decline in all reproductive parameters measured. Implantation of a low dose of testosterone (200 mg) during the period of reproductive quiescence induced the development of the sexual flush and an increase in genital tactile sensitivity, although behaviour was not significantly affected. The annual changes in reproductive physiology and behaviour of 12 Soay rams living under natural lighting conditions were recorded for comparison with the experimental situation. The nadir of the sexual cycle was in the spring and early summer, and the sequence of events culminating in the mating season in the autumn was similar to that induced experimentally.

Aggression↗

PubMed1976

Interactive effects of brain catecholamines and variations in sexual and non-sexual arousal on copulatory behavior of male rats.

In pargyline pretreated male rats, an intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine procedure which resulted in subtotal brain catecholamine (CA) depletion produced a mild defict in copulatory behavior followed by rapid recovery. Challenges employed to study the behavioral capacities of these 'recovered' animals revealed: (1) a heightened sensitivity to acute treatment with the CA synthesis inhibitor alpha-methyl tyrosine (AMT) as reflected in a reinstatement and exaggeration of the original copulation deficit; (2) a greater dependence on the sexual eliciting properties of the female, since abolishing her soliciting behavior also reinstated and exaggerated the sexual dysfunction; and (3) a pattern of behavioral impairment indicating increased difficulty in both initiating sexual activity and maintaining copulatory performance. Furthermore, in males not copulating after 6-OHDA/AMT treatment, copulation could easily be induced by the simple application of a non-specific activating stimulus. On the basis of these data and parallel findings reported for other behaviors, we have concluded that: (1) both the initiation and maintenance of copulatory behavior in the male rat is the part dependent on normal functioning in one or more of the brain CA-containing systems; and (2) this copulatory deficit is symptomatic of a broader functional impairment reflecting reduced behavioral responsiveness to stimuli that normally elict appetitive or approach responses but not to stimuli requiring more automatic, inhibitory responses.

Animals↗