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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Comparative efficacy and safety of bi-flanged metal stents versus lumen-apposing metal stents for endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs), particularly walled-off necrosis, are common complications of acute pancreatitis that often require endoscopic drainage. Bi-flanged metal stents (BFMS; NAGI; Taewoong Medical, Gyenoggi-do, Korea) and electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS; AXIOS, Boston Scientific Corporation, Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA) are frequently used, but comparative data remain limited. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of BFMS and LAMS in the endoscopic drainage of PFCs. METHODS: This meta-analysis followed the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Comprehensive database searches were conducted through November 2024 to identify studies comparing BFMS and LAMS for endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of PFCs. Outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model with RevMan Web, and statistical significance was defined as a P value less than 0.05. RESULTS: Three studies ( n  = 627; 329 BFMS and 298 LAMS) met inclusion criteria. No significant differences were observed between BFMS and LAMS for technical success [odds ratio (OR): 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55-2.43] or clinical success (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.51-1.87). Similarly, there were no differences in walled-off necrosis recurrence (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 0.17-24.02), number of direct endoscopic necrosectomy sessions (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.05-5.12), or mean number of endoscopic procedures (mean difference: 0.18, 95% CI: 2.08-2.45). Adverse events were also comparable between groups, including bleeding (OR: 0.64), infection (OR: 1.18), stent migration (OR: 1.83), and stent occlusion/dysfunction (OR: 1.71). CONCLUSION: BFMS and LAMS provide equivalent efficacy and safety in the endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of PFCs. Either stent type represents a viable therapeutic option. Further large-scale prospective studies are warranted to refine stent selection strategies.

Humans↗

PubMed1979

Double-ended pigtail ureteral stent: useful modification to single end ureteral stent.

A newly created ureteral stenting catheter of double-ended pigtail design is introduced. The pigtail design at both ends maintains the catheter in place by serving as a solid anchoring device, both intravesically and within the renal pelvis; upward or downward migration of the stent is thus prevented. It is designed also to minimize trigonal irritation. The catheter can be introduced easily either cystoendoscopically or through a percutaneous antegrade route, or by a combination of both methods. It offers the additional advantage of being readily available from an inexpensive stock source; it may be quickly and easily custom made and shaped for any ureter by the physician immediately prior to its insertion. It thus avoids having to have premanufactured, more expensive ureteral stents of different lengths. Open surgery for upper urinary tract decompression can thus be avoided.

Aged↗

PubMed1979

Proximal stent displacement as complication of pigtail ureteral stent.

The indwelling ureteral stent recently introduced by Cook offers relative ease of placement with a self-curling end which prevents migration down the ureter. We have seen 4 cases of proximal migration of these stents. The reasons for this event are described. Our experience suggests the placement of a suture in the distal portion of the catheter to allow retrieval of the catheter should migration occur.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Transurethral conversion of a percutaneous ureteral stent to an indwelling stent.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗

PubMed2026

Feasibility of implementation, diagnostic accuracy, and end-user impact of an electronic health record (EHR)-based ureteral stent tracking tool in a pediatric population.

INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES: Ureteral stent tracking systems have reduced stent retention in adults, but their accuracy and impact in pediatrics have been minimally explored. With low event rates in children, such tools may yield high false positives, raising questions on balancing event prevention with provider burden. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, diagnostic accuracy, and end-user impact of an Electronic Surveillance Tool for Evaluating Nephroureteral stent Tracking (eSTENT) at our institution. STUDY DESIGN: eSTENT, implemented in 1/2024, flags ureteral stents at risk for retention based on implant documentation, expected explant date, and explant documentation. Monthly reports are generated for stents missing explant documentation. We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic performance of eSTENT from 1/2024-8/2025 at our pediatric hospital. A usability survey including a validated 1-7 implementation score (higher = easier implementation) was distributed to pediatric urologists and operating room nurses. RESULTS: Of 172 cases with ureteral stent placement, eSTENT flagged 28 events (16%) in 24 patients. Of these, 26 represented documentation gaps where explant had been appropriate. Two flags had no documentation of explant, representing near miss events that were identified. No retained stents occurred, consistent with high sensitivity and modest specificity. There were no flags in the last 6 months of the study period. Survey response rate was 100% for surgeons and 55% for nurses. Before eSTENT, stents were not routinely tracked. All surgeons and 93% of nurses reported no added burden, despite occasional misidentification of retained stents. Three surgeons found eSTENT beneficial, four were neutral, and free-text responses generally cited eSTENT's "fail safe" nature as positive. Nurses suggested improvements, including user support and integrated documentation reminders. The average implementation score among both groups was 6/7, indicating easy adoption. DISCUSSION: While the impact of stent tracking tools in adult literature has been positive, our study emphasizes the feasibility of broader adoption at a pediatric hospital. Integration of eSTENT may avoid the potentially devastating consequences of a retained stent. Prioritizing sensitivity over specificity appears acceptable for a "never event" in patient safety. Our study is limited by the retrospective nature of data collection and survey bias. CONCLUSIONS: Though no stents were retained in the study period, eSTENT appropriately flagged two cases without added burden to most end-users. Further optimization is warranted, but adoption in pediatric centers may enhance care reliability.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Intraocular Pressure Changes Following Intraluminal Stent Removal From the Paul Glaucoma Implant: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: This study aims to systematically review and perform a single-arm meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the effect of removal of intraluminal stent from the Paul glaucoma implant (PGI) on intraocular pressure (IOP) changes and to summarize its long-term efficacy and safety. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Glaucoma remains one of the leading global causes of irreversible vision loss, necessitating effective surgical management for refractory cases. Glaucoma drainage devices are critical for these complex forms, and intraluminal stent removal from the PGI serves as a key strategy to titrate aqueous outflow and optimize long-term IOP control. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted by searching EMBASE, Medline, and CENTRAL. The meta-analysis ultimately included 5 observational studies. The Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Continuous outcomes (eg, postremoval stent IOP reduction) were analyzed using the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI); dichotomous outcomes (eg, hypotony incidence) were evaluated using pooled proportion with 95% CI. All meta-analyses employed a random-effects model. RESULTS: Our meta-analysis included 5 studies, involving a total of 283 eyes. The meta-analysis revealed that removal of the stent leads to a significant and immediate IOP reduction. The IOP reduction (immediate postremoval stent IOP minus preremoval stent IOP) was significant, with a pooled MD of -9.09 mm Hg IOP (MD = 9.09; 95% CI = [-11.77, -6.41]). In the preremoval stent high-IOP (>21 mm Hg) subgroup, the IOP reduction is -11.82 (95% CI = [-10.14, -13.51]). This reduction was significantly greater than the preremoval stent low-IOP (<21 mm Hg) subgroup, whose reduction is -6.66 mm Hg (95% CI = [-5.55, -7.77]). Regarding safety, the pooled proportion of clinically hypotony was low and highly consistent (I² = 0.00%) at only 0.03 (95% CI = [0.00, 0.15]). CONCLUSIONS: Intraluminal stent removal from the PGI is an effective and safe IOP-lowering intervention. Its IOP reduction effect is significantly more pronounced in patients with preremoval stent high IOP, providing crucial clinical guidance for managing persistently high IOP after PGI implantation.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

A stent-plus-irrigation protocol after adolescent hypospadias repair: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether a stent-plus-irrigation protocol reduces complication rates following hypospadias repair in adolescents compared with catheter drainage alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this multicentre randomised controlled trial, adolescents (Tanner Stage II-V) undergoing hypospadias repair were randomly assigned to either a stent-plus-irrigation group or a catheter-drainage group. The catheter-drainage group received standard urethral catheter drainage alone, whereas the stent-plus-irrigation group received an additional small-calibre urethral stent positioned within the reconstructed urethra and twice-daily saline irrigation. The primary outcome was the overall postoperative complication rate; secondary outcomes included urinary function and cosmetic outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 172 adolescents were assessed for eligibility, with 150 participants (75 in the stent-plus-irrigation group and 75 in the catheter-drainage group) included in the final analysis. Compared with the catheter-drainage group, the stent-plus-irrigation group demonstrated a significantly lower overall complication rate (risk ratio [RR] 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20-0.56; P < 0.001), urethral fistula rate (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.14-0.51; P < 0.001), and surgical site infection (SSI) rate (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.87; P = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS: A postoperative stent-plus-irrigation protocol was associated with lower rates of postoperative complications, particularly urethral fistula and SSI, compared with catheter drainage alone after adolescent hypospadias repair. Because the intervention included both an additional urethral stent and saline irrigation, the independent contribution of irrigation cannot be determined in this two-arm trial.

Humans↗

PubMed1977

Gibbons ureteral stent in renal transplant recipients.

The Gibbons indwelling ureteral stent was used in 5 renal recipients. Early post-operative obstructions at the ureterovesical junction in 2 cases and 1 at the ureteroplevic junction were treated by placing the stent through an open cystostomy. Late strictures were treated in 2 patients by inserting the stent endoscopically. It was also used to stent a ureteroureterostomy. After removal of the stent in 2 of 3 patients, no further treatment of the obstriction was required. In the third case it provided time to allow the steroid dose to be lowered so definitive repair could be undertaken. One stent has remained patent for fourteen months. The Gibbons stent appears to be a valuable new tool in the treatment of post-transplant ureteral obstruction.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Vasectomy and vasovasostomy. II. A comparison of two methods of vasovasostomy: silastic versus chromic stents.

Twelve adult, bilaterally vasectomized dogs were used to compare two different procedures for reuniting the severed vas deferens. Approximately 5 months postvasectomy six dogs had vasovasostomies utilizing Silastic stents and the vasa deferentia of six additional dogs were rejoined with intravasal chromic stents. Ejaculates were subsequently obtained at 2-week intervals and evaluated for sperm count, motility, viability, and seminal ion concentrations. All of the dogs in which Silastic had been utilized as the stent had sperm reappear in the ejaculate, whereas only 40% of the dogs in which chromic catgut had been utilized had reappearance of spermatozoa. The over-all quality of the ejaculate was also better in the animals in which Silastic had been utilized. Testicular and epididymal histology was normal in most dogs of both groups, but three of the dogs with chromic stents in which the anastomosis had not been a success had abnormal histology, with reduced numbers of spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa. The data suggest that Silastic stents are better than chromic stents for vas reanastomosis. They also suggest that some dog testes react negatively to vasectomy and do not recover by 1 year postvasectomy when vas patency is not reversed.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Cruciate ligament stents in reconstruction of the unstable knee. A preliminary report.

Cruciate ligament stents have been developed to severe as internal splints which provide excellent temporary stability while allowing full range of motion of the knee during postreconstruction rehabilitation. Forty-three patients with disabling chronic knee instability were treated at one center using similar reconstruction techniques with either the anterior or posterior cruciate stent. When both cruciate ligaments were absent, only the posterior was used. All stents are intended only as temporary internal splints and all patients were advised that the structures were expected to break eventually. Followup of 15 patients with anterior cruciate stents revealed only 50% satisfactory overall results. Overall results were satisfactory in 80% of 20 patients with posterior cruciate stents. Longer implant survival is needed, and this must be accomplished by building more flexibility into the stent core and by improving surgical technique with more precise instrumentation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2026

Clinical outcomes stratified by CYP2C19 phenotypes in intracranial artery stenting patients with genotype-guided antiplatelet regimens: a real-world single-center retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: Clinical trial evidence is scarce for optimal antiplatelet strategies in patients undergoing intracranial artery stenting with CYP2C19 loss‑of‑function alleles, especially regarding the efficacy‑safety balance. METHODS: This single‑center retrospective study enrolled patients receiving genotype‑guided antiplatelet regimens for intracranial stenting between January and December 2023, with 6‑month follow‑up. Clinical outcomes were compared across CYP2C19 phenotypes. RESULTS: Among 205 patients, 46.8% were normal metabolizers, 40.5% intermediate metabolizers, and 12.7% poor metabolizers. Aspirin-clopidogrel was prescribed for all normal metabolizers, 80.7% intermediate metabolizers, and 19.2% poor metabolizers. No intergroup differences were observed in risks of ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), cardiovascular events, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or any bleeding (all P > 0.05). In intermediate metabolizers and poor metabolizer subgroups, ischemic stroke/TIA rates were 11.1% in the aspirin-clopidogrel group and 9.68% in the aspirin-ticagrelor group, with no significant difference compared to normal metabolizers (4.17%). ICH rates were 1.39% in the aspirin-clopidogrel group and 6.45% in the aspirin-ticagrelor group, showing no significant difference versus normal metabolizers (1.04%). Multivariate logistic analysis found the number of stents (odds ratio [OR] = 2.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.89-6.95; P = 0.043) was a risk factor for ischemic stroke/TIA. Ticagrelor-based dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT; OR = 10.57; 95% CI = 1.00-111.7; P = 0.05) and baseline l ow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; OR = 7.22; 95% CI = 1.80-29.01; P = 0.005) were associated with ICH risk. CONCLUSION: Antiplatelet regimens were adjusted for a subset of intermediate metabolizers and poor metabolizers prior to stenting, and the 6-month clinical outcomes were comparable across normal metabolizers, intermediate metabolizers, and poor metabolizers. The stent number was associated with ischemic stroke/TIA risk; baseline LDL-C and ticagrelor-based DAPT with ICH risk. These exploratory findings need validation in adequately powered studies.

CYP2C19↗

PubMed1979

[Ureteral drainage with the Gibbons indwelling ureteral stent (author's transl)].

The technique of endoscopically placing the Gibbons indwelling stent into the obstructed ureter is described. This technique offers several advantages, especially in managing poor-risk patients whose ureters are obstructed: 1. endoscopic placement of the ureteral stent is associated with less morbidity and mortality than supravesical diversion; 2. quality of life is much less reduced than in supravesical diversion; 3. it is readily reversible; 4 the ureteral stent does not interfere with subsequent operation and offers several advantages over PVC-splints and other materials used for long term ureteral drainage. The placement of an indwelling stent sometimes causes technical problems but complications are rare. 21 Gibbons indwelling ureteral stents have been placed in obstructed ureters of 16 patients at the age of 25--74 years. Our technique, indications, results and complications are described herein.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

An intraluminal silastic stent for small vessel repair.

An intraluminal stent fashioned from medical grade Silastic was used for technical assistance in performing 23 microvascular anastomoses. Twenty control and 20 stent arterial anastomoses were completed. Patency rates of 100 per cent in both the stent and control anastomoses were found by radical pressure testing immediately postoperatively and after an interval of two weeks. Electron microscopic and light microscopic studies showed no increase in damage to the vessel wall or increase in connective tissue reaction. Under the conditions of this experiment the Silastic stent can be used safely for assistance in performing microarterial anastomoses. Preliminary studies in six microvenous anastomoses have also shown no significant difference postoperatively between the stent and control anastomoses, both having a 100 per cent patency rate.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Experience with new double J ureteral catheter stent.

Experience with a newly designed self-retaining silicone ureteral stent is presented. The stent is supplied in various lengths, has a J or hook molded into each end to prevent migration and has been designed specifically to be passed during an open operation as well as endoscopically. The device is used to provide free drainage to the bladder, reduce or eliminate urine leakage, provide stenting of the ureter and allow for earlier discharge from the hospital of patients without external catheters. In some cases the stent may be used instead of a nephrostomy tube to provide prolonged drainage with less chance of infection. It is removed easily in the outpatient facility by cystoscopy.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

The role of ureteral stenting in the management of surgical injury of the ureter.

From 1965 through 1976, 35 patients with surgical injury of the ureter were treated by operations requiring ureteral anastomoses. Stenting devices were used in 31 patients with only 2 failures. Stents were omitted in 4 patients with 2 failures. We have been satisfied with and prefer stenting ureteral anastomoses in the management of surgical ureteral injury, particularly when there is delayed recognition of the injury or previous irradiation. Previous objections to stenting are unjustified.

Catheterization↗

PubMed1978

The use of silastic transhepatic stents in benign and malignant biliary strictures.

Between 1969 and 1978, 45 patients with biliary strictures have been managed surgically utilizing silastic transhepatic stents. In 25 patients the strictures were benign. After resection or dilatation of the benign stricture, an hepaticojejunostomy was performed to a Roux-en-Y loop. The anastomosis was stented with a large bore silastic tube with multiple side holes passed through the biliary tree, out the anterior surface of the liver, and then out through the abdominal wall. There was one hospital death. Most stents were left in place for one year. Of the 15 patients with long-term follow-up, all have had excellent results. In 20 patients the strictures were malignant and involved the common hepatic duct in 10 patients or its bifuraction in 10 patients. In 14 patients the tumor was thought to be primary in the biliary tree, and in six patients the tumor was felt to represent a metastasis or direct extension from another site. In three patients the tumors were resected, and in the remaining they were dilated or bypassed. After positioning a silastic transhepatic stent, a hepaticojejunostomy was carried out. There were two hospital deaths. Serum bilirubin on admission average 17.1 mg%, and after decompression 1.8 mg%. Five patients have survived over one year, and two over two years. Postoperative radiotherapy and a primary biliary tumor favored longer survival.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term stenting in the treatment of subglottic stenosis.

Long-term stenting (3 to 12 months) with silicone rubber stents was found successful in 12 of 14 cases (86%) with severe subglottic stenosis. A new silicone rubber stent is described that is suitable for long-term stenting in infants or adults.

Adult↗

PubMed2026

C-Reactive Protein-Based Composite Indices for Predicting Tumor Overgrowth Restenosis After Partially Covered Duodenal Stenting in Gastric Cancer: A Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Partially covered duodenal stents rapidly relieve malignant gastric outlet obstruction, but tumor overgrowth restenosis limits durability. We compared six preprocedural inflammatory, nutritional, and immune indices for predicting this outcome in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 68 consecutive patients from a prospectively maintained cohort. The primary endpoint was endoscopically or radiologically confirmed tumor overgrowth restenosis. Discrimination was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves (pairwise DeLong tests with Bonferroni correction) and time-dependent areas under the curve (AUCs) accounting for death as a competing risk. Multivariable cause-specific Cox models were restricted to preprocedural covariates; post-stenting chemotherapy or radiotherapy was examined in time-dependent sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Technical and clinical success rates were 100% and 94.1%. Seventeen patients (25.0%) developed restenosis at a median of 66 days. The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index showed the highest AUC (0.859), followed by the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR; 0.822) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (0.774); these three indices did not differ significantly. At an exploratory, internally derived cutoff of ≤0.110, CALLY had 76.5% sensitivity and 84.3% specificity and remained associated with restenosis after adjustment for stenosis site and stent length (adjusted hazard ratio, 12.30; 95% confidence interval, 3.89-38.83; C-index, 0.836), with consistent results in continuous, time-dependent, and tumor-covariate-adjusted analyses. The 180-day cumulative incidence was 52.4% with low CALLY versus 4.3% with high CALLY. CONCLUSIONS: C-reactive protein-based indices showed the highest numerical discrimination, although pairwise differences among CALLY, CAR, and NLR were not statistically significant. CALLY is a promising exploratory biomarker for restenosis risk stratification, but its cutoff should not guide clinical decisions until externally validated.

C-reactive protein↗