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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Treatment preference for once-weekly versus once-daily DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Although once-weekly and once-daily DPP-4 inhibitors have gained widespread market recognition, patient preference differences remain a key focus. This meta-analysis compares treatment preferences for once-weekly versus once-daily DPP-4 inhibitors in T2DM, offering evidence to guide clinical decisions and healthcare policies. METHODS: PubMed, OVID, EBSCO, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and clinical trial registries were searched up to June 30, 2025. After screening literature against predefined criteria, a systematic review was conducted to compare the effects of once-weekly and once-daily DPP-4 inhibitors on the treatment preferences of patients with T2DM. RESULTS: 8 RCTs with 1,575 participants were analyzed. No significant difference in medication adherence and DTSQ total score between the once-weekly and once-daily groups (p > 0.05). HbA1c percentage (MD = -0.21, 95% CI [-0.42, -0.01], p < 0.05) decreased significantly with once-weekly dosing, while GA and FPG showed no change (p > 0.05), this suggests greater improvement in HbA1c percentage levels following a switch to once-weekly DPP-4 inhibitors. Once-weekly DPP-4 inhibitors showed higher musculoskeletal/connective tissue disorder risk (RR = 2.63; 95% CI [1.18, 5.83]), but no significant differences in other adverse events (p > 0.05). No significant differences in treatment burden between both groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: No statistically significant association between treatment preferences for once-weekly versus once-daily DPP-4 inhibitors among T2DM patients and medication adherence, treatment satisfaction, glycemic level changes, safety, or treatment burden for these two dosing regimens. Further research is needed to elucidate the influence of physician prescribing behavior on these preferences.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Comparative survey of psychiatrists' prescription preferences: New York and Texas.

The present survey compares the treatment preferences of New York and Texas psychiatrists using a questionnaire report of a single psychiatric case. The characteristics of this approach enable the investigator to hold and symptoms and syndromes of the patient constant. All clinicians respond to identical stimuli. What varies naturally, then, is the judgment of the clinician in developing his treatment procedure, thereby enabling estimation of the degree of standardization in treatment preferences. Three hundred twelve psychiatrists from New York and 133 from Texas provided data for comparative purposes. On the first admission 41% of the New York respondents and 24% of the Texas psychiatrists preferred a regimen that included more than one drug. When a combination of drugs was selected, chlorpromazine-trifluoperazine was preferred. But ten other specific combinations also were selected. Most were of potent neuroleptics, but some included antidepressant-neuroleptic combinations. None of the variables included in the study provided tangible systematic variance for these treatment preferences. A year and a half after first admission, followed by treatment in and out of hospital, the patient's clinical course continued to deteriorate. At this point more than 50% of the respondents in each state selected a regimen that included a minimum of two drugs. As many as 24 different combinations were selected for this single case. Nineteen percent of the New York respondents and 13% of the Texas respondents selected a regimen that included three or more psychoactive medications. The existence of these treatment preferences requires a more basic understanding of treatment preferences, for these seems to be no basis for them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Preferred surgical treatment for alveolar cell carcinoma.

An analysis of our experience with 48 patients having bronchiolar or alveolar cell carcinoma is reported. The remarkable biological variability of this peripheral tumor has important surgical implications. Basically, two dominant clinical presentations occur. In the less common diffuse or multinodular form, prolonged survival is infrequent regardless of the therapeutic approach. Often these patients die from respiratory compromise due to the tumor itself. In the more common localized or solitary form the prognosis for cure is good, approximating 47% or higher. Based on the material presented, lobectomy is the preferred method of surgical treatment. In patients manifesting multinodular disease, surgical resection rarely seems warranted. The concept of preserving pulmonary tissue is stressed.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteoarthritis of the hip. A survey of treatment.

Of 2,712 Board certified orthopedic surgeons selected from the directory of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1,683 (62.1%) responded to a mailed questionnaire concerning their preferred treatment for osteoarthritis of the hip in a specified active 53-year-old man. A Müller total hip arthroplasty was the most frequently performed operation in 1973; only 23 per cent of the respondents considered osteotomy the preferred treatment.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1979

The A-B variable and preferred inpatient treatment environment.

Examined the possibility that college students' status on Whitehorn and Betz' (1954) A-B dimension would be related to their descriptions of the ideal psychiatric inpatient treatment setting. Sixty-one Ss completed the A-B scale, as well as Moos' (1974) Ward Atmosphere Scale-Ideal Form. Analysis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between A-B status and 5 of the 10 WAS subscales. A and B Ss both differed significantly from a middle group of Ss, but did not differ from one another, in their ward ratings on these subscales. Factor analysis of the Ideal Form ratings replicated Alden's (1977) finding from analysis of Standard Form responses of a high degree of communality between 8 of the 10 WAS subscales.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A household study of illness prevalence and health care preferences in a rural district of Cameroon.

This report gives the results of a health interview survey using a recall interval of one month, in Rural Cameroon carried out between 5 November 1973 and 7 March 1974 on a random selection of 1886 families with 9362 individuals. The disease prevalence in the study area (a positive illness rate of 27.8 percent for a four-week recall period) is analysed by age, sex and treatment preference. People under the age of 15 years suffered predominantly from respiratory (20 percent), digestive (29 percent) and parasitic (12.5 percent) diseases for which Western treatment was preferred (average of 65 percent). In adults musculoskeletal, digestive diseases and generalized body pains were responsible for 63.0 percent of diseases in the age-group 45 and over. The treatment choice was partly Western (50 percent) and partly traditional (20 percent). Traditional treatment was generally preferred for seizures (65 percent) and mental illnesses (87 percent) except for children under four years who received 50.6 percent treatment for seizures from traditional sources and 49.4 percent from Western sources.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Diseases of the breast.

As a result of health education programs that have stressed self-examination and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, less than 5 percent of breast lesions seen in clinical practice today are malignant. Nevertheless, breast cancer is the leading cause of deaths due to cancer in women and the second most common breast lesion. Chronic cystic mastitis, the most common breast lesion seen in women, can often be treated conservatively by aspirating the cystic fluid. Close follow-up is necessary so that if carcinoma develops, it can be treated early. Carcinoma is unpredictable but not hopeless. Although controversy exists regarding treatment, radical mastectomy is still the preferred treatment in most cases. Other breast diseases include adenofibroma, a common lesion requiring excisional biopsy for positive diagnosis; nipple discharge, which should be carefully examined cytologically; and relatively rare breast lesions, including intraductal papilloma, adenosis, traumatic fat necrosis, and cystosarcoma phylloides.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2026

Longitudinal surveillance of antibiotic resistance and virulence evolution in Clostridioides difficile: a 4-year retrospective study of hospitalized patients in a tertiary hospital in China.

UNLABELLED: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is the primary pathogen responsible for nosocomial infectious diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. In China, metronidazole and vancomycin are the preferred treatments for C. difficile infection (CDI). This study aimed to investigate the evolution of vancomycin (VA) and metronidazole (MTZ) resistance, as well as the longitudinal changes in virulence over time, using next-generation sequencing, drug susceptibility tests, and analysis of resistance and virulence genes. Additionally, we monitored the emergence of the highly virulent C. difficile strain RT027 and the spread and potential outbreak of C. difficile in the hospital setting. A random stratified sampling method was used to select 114 fecal samples from inpatients at Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, between 2021 and 2024. Clinical data from the enrolled patients were also collected. We conducted antigen and toxin protein detection for C. difficile, strain isolation and identification, drug sensitivity tests, whole genome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. This included comparisons of drug resistance genes, detection of toxin genes, and the construction of phylogenetic trees based on pan-genome analysis to investigate the resistance and toxin gene variations in C. difficile. Among the 114 samples collected from Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, no vancomycin- or metronidazole-resistant strains were identified. However, the average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of C. difficile to vancomycin increased annually (H = 33.208, P < 0.05). The average MIC of C. difficile to metronidazole was highest in 2022 but decreased in 2023 and 2024 (H = 41.990, P < 0.05). Notably, in 2024, one C. difficile strain exhibited an MIC for metronidazole at the resistance threshold (2.00 &#x3bc;g/mL). Further Spearman correlation analysis of the strain years with drug sensitivity results revealed a positive correlation between strain years and the MIC levels of vancomycin and metronidazole (r = 0.528, P < 0.05; r = 0.377, P < 0.05). The proportion of toxin-producing strains increased annually, with 100% of strains in 2024 producing toxins, representing the highest proportion compared to the previous three years (X&#xb2; =11.75, P < 0.05). Both vancomycin and metronidazole remain effective for the treatment of CDI in clinical practice. However, the sensitivity of C. difficile to these two drugs is gradually decreasing, and the rate of toxin gene carriage is also rising in clinical cases. No hospital outbreaks of C. difficile infections were identified in this study. IMPORTANCE: Clostridioides difficile has developed resistance to multiple antibiotics, including cephalosporins, clindamycin, and fluoroquinolones. This has exacerbated the global antibiotic resistance crisis. In China, according to current treatment guidelines, vancomycin and metronidazole are the preferred first-line drugs for treating C. difficile infections. However, there are reports indicating the emergence of new resistance to both vancomycin and metronidazole. Although there is extensive research on the long-term antibiotic resistance of C. difficile abroad, research on the continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance and potential outbreaks of C. difficile in China is relatively limited. To fill this gap, we studied positive C. difficile strains from a tertiary general hospital in China. Through Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), drug sensitivity testing, and analysis of drug resistance and virulence genes, we revealed the evolution of C. difficile's resistance to vancomycin and metronidazole, as well as changes in virulence, and monitored the spread within the hospital and potential outbreaks of C. difficile.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Epanolol as a model for assessing patient preference in anti-anginal drug therapy.

Since drug therapy of angina is likely to produce a similar degree of efficacy for most drugs in common use, treatment choice should additionally focus on other factors, notably adverse events, quality of life, and convenience. Improvements in these factors can also lead to better compliance and can aid the doctor by cutting down the number of patient visits required to optimize therapy. The authors have evaluated the patient's overall assessment of symptomatic relief and adverse experiences in a comparative manner by means of the two-period crossover design using the patient's declared treatment preference as the primary measurement. This encapsulates several factors in a single assessment that can be understood by both physician and patient. The authors carried out two such studies of epanolol (Visacor), a novel anti-anginal agent with both beta-1 selective antagonist activity and also beta-1 selective partial agonist activity. In one study (n = 608) the comparator was metoprolol, and in the other (n = 571) it was nifedipine. This article describes and evaluates the methodology of these studies. To assess preference optimally, each patient had to receive both treatments in short but clinically relevant treatment periods, with no washout. Re-entry into the second period, after withdrawal from the first, was permitted. Both studies showed advantages for epanolol, more marked in the case of nifedipine, arising from equivalent efficacy but fewer adverse events.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1979

Low-dose intravenous insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Continuous slow intravenous infusion of insulin was used in 52 episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis. No complications of therapy, ie, hypoglycemia, induced hypokalemia, insulin resistance, or cerebral edema, were encountered. Potassium phosphate was given to 47 of the 52 patients. Sodium bicarbonate was administered to only one patient. The hyperglycemia frequently resolved more rapidly than the systemic acidosis; this was managed by adding glucose to the intravenous fluids when the blood sugar concentration decreased to approximately 250 mg/dL; insulin infusion, however, was continued until the acidosis was corrected (venous standard bicarbonate greater than 14 mEq/L). We have found this method of treatment to be safe and simple to administer, and we believe it is the preferred treatment of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The adrenocorticotrophic hormone (4-9) analog ORG 2766 benefits autistic children: report on a second controlled clinical trial.

In a second controlled crossover trial, 20 autistic children received 40 mg/day of the neuropeptide ORG 2766, a synthetic analog of ACTH (4-9), for 8 weeks. Parents' checklist ratings (ABC) as well as clinicians' ratings (CGI) pointed to significant improvements after the course of treatment; improvements were clearest on the ABC social withdrawal subscale. The analysis of individual target symptoms and the parents' treatment preferences substantiated the beneficial effects of ORG 2766. In an ethologically analyzed playroom session, ORG 2766 treatment was associated with an improvement in the children's play behavior and a significant increase in the social interaction between child and experimenter. Gaze coordination between child and experimenter also was improved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Neurogenic tumors of the head and neck in children.

A retrospective analysis of deep-seated neurogenic tumors of the head and neck in children seen at the University of Michigan Medical Center was done. There were 22 patients--10 with plexiform neurofibromas, 3 with neurofibromas, 2 with esthesioneuroblastomas, 2 with neurilemmomas, 1 with neurogenous sarcoma, and 4 with neuroblastomas who presented with a mass in the head and neck. Delay in diagnosis and treatment was common, and merely allowed the tumor to enlarge. We feel that surgical extirpation is the preferred treatment for benign or malignant neurogenous tumors, with adjuvant therapy in other forms for malignant tumors only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver. Five cases.

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver is a benign tumour with a cirrhosis-like appearance. The tumour is rare, but it is a relevant differential diagnosis in young patients with a hepatic mass. Radiologically and grossly FNH cannot be distinguished from malignant tumours. Biopsy with frozen section usually provides the diagnosis. There is no evidence that FNH is premalignant. Only a few patients have symptoms requiring treatment (pain, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting) and complications (weight loss, portal compression) are extremely rare. The preferred treatment for symptomatic tumours is removal. In patients without symptoms FNH can be left untreated without any undue risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Carotid-cavernous sinus fistula after trauma to the head.

The similarities between the various conditions described are remarkable. The orbital or frontal bruit and pulsating exophthalmos are common only to the carotid-cavernous fistula. A recent history of dental treatment, of facial infection with an elevated white blood cell count, and leukocytosis suggests cavernous sinus thrombosis. The superior orbital fissure syndrome and orbital apex syndrome occur most frequently in conjuction with Le Fort II and III fractures, which can involve the optic foramen and superior orbital fissure, therefore disrupting the sensory and motor innervation to the orbit and adjacent structures (Fig 4). Direct orbital trauma without evidence of fracture and with all symptoms mentioned, except infection, bruit, and pulsating exophthalmos, suggests orbital hematoma. A thorough differential diagnosis with complete data is essential for a correct diagnosis, thereby reducing morbidity by institution of the appropriate treatment. Treatments for carotid cavernous fistula have varied over the years--all aiming toward abolition of the fistula. Currently, the preferred treatment is the supraclinoid clamping of the internal carotid artery, followed by muscle embolization of the internal carotid artery distal to the bifurcation, and clamping of the internal carotid artery in the neck.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1978

five years' experience with proximal gastric (highly selective) vagotomy.

In the five-year period 1972 to 1976 the author's preferred treatment for patients with chronic duodenal or prepyloric peptic ulcer requiring surgery was proximal gastric vagotomy. In spite of this preference, only two-thirds of such patients were so treated. Most patients with bleeding and stenosis were treated by bilateral truncal vagotomy and drainage, and a few by Pólya gastrectomy. Proximal gastric vagotomy proved to be a safe elective operation without mortality and with a proven ulcer recurrence rate so far of 6%. Compared with those who had bilateral truncal vagotomy and drainage, the proximal gastric vagotomy patients complained less often of diarrhoea but more often of weight loss and reflux. Two patients have had persistent postprandial non-peptic pain, thought possibly due to upper gastric ischaemia.

Aged↗