Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A A Sheptulin.
The author considers the main reasons for the development of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of modern direct and indirect techniques of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency diagnostics, and states the main requirements pancreatic enzymes used as means of substitutive therapy should meet.
The effects of combined antiviral therapy on the apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclears (PBM) were investigated in 54 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), including patients with chronic viral-and-alcohol hepatitis (CVAH). Simultaneously, serum concentrations of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and interleukins 10 and 12) using flow cytofluorimetry were taken. The results demonstrate an increase in the intensity of PBM apoptosis in patients with CHC and CVAH vs. controls; there was a tendency of lesser apoptosis intensity in the CVAH subgroup. In both groups IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha concentrations were increased, and there was a direct correlation between the level of apoptosis and TNF-alpha concentration. The study found an increase in the intensity of apoptosis in CHC patients with primary virological response to antiviral therapy with IFN-alpha and riboflavin, which can be considered an additional prognostic factor of the effectiveness of treatment.
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58 patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and 18 patients with chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD) were examined using 24-h monitoring of intraesophageal pH. GER patients exhibited changes in all the readings of 24-h pH-gram of the esophagus which strongly correlated with severity of clinical symptoms (heartburn, metasternal pain), reflux-esophagitis (endoscopical picture), data of esophagotonocimography. 24-h monitoring of intraesophageal pH provided an adequate estimation of the drugs used to treat GER. As to effect on intraesophageal pH, domperidon had no effect, famotidine had a moderate positive effect, omeprasol returned pH to normal.
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Alkalizing effects of maalox, renni and tams were compared in 63 patients (27 males and 36 females) aged 19-56 with endoscopically confirmed superficial gastroduodenitis using intragastric pH-metry. Liquid antacids (maalox) began their action quicker (1.3-1.7 times) than tablets (renni and tams) but the tablets had longer alkalizing effects. Maximal and minimal alkalizing effects were achieved with maalox and renni, respectively. It is inferred that rapid intragastric pH-metry can be used for comparative assessment of different antacid drugs. Of the drugs studied the highest antiacid effect was exhibited by maalox.